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1、试卷代号：11360国家开放大学2022年秋季学期期末统一考试高级商务英语阅读试题2023年1月注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定 栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌子上。试卷和答题纸均不 得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。答案一 定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。Information for the examinees:This examination consists of three sections. They are
2、:Section 1: : Words(20 points)Section 2: : Reading Comprehension (64 points)Section 3: ee: Translation (16 points)The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.Section One:WordsQuestions 110.(20 points,2 points each)Match the English
3、words on the left with the Chinese words on the right.1.affiliation networka.合并2.current accountb.有形的3.mechanismc.联系网络4.merged.说服5.investe.机制6.tangiblef.顾问7.evaporateg.活期账户8.convinceh.变量9.consultantj,投资10.variablej.蒸发Section Two:Reading Comprehension(64 points)Part 1 Questions 1117.(21 points, 3 poi
4、nts each)Read the following passage and then match the statements (1117) to the lctter(A,B, C or D).AEvery organization has a culture, but does the culture contribute to achieving business goals, or does i( hinder?A companys culture is the only truly unique identifier. It is like a finger print, it
5、may be similar to others, but is uniquely distinct to your business. Everything else (products, strategies, marketing, even innovations) can be replicated, but the only truly unique identifiers are the values and norms of the organiztition its culture, or personality. A positive culture in business
6、today is unfortunately the exception rather than the norm, but a strong organizational culture can clearly differentiate a business from its competitors in the mind of its stakeholders.Organizational culture consists of shared beliefs and values established by the organizations leaders and then comm
7、unicated and reinforced through various methods, ultimately shaping employee perceptions, behaviors and understanding. Simply speaking,a companys structure and design can be viewed as its body, and its culture as its soul. The definition of organizational culture is a set of shared values and norms
8、that characterize a particular organization. A strong culture, in which members agree upon and care intensely about organizational values, can improve business performance by motivating employees and coordinating their behavior towards a vision and specific performance goals that benefit the company
9、.cYour company culture defines for you and for all others how your organization does business, how your organization interacts with one another and how the team interacts with the outside world, specifically your customers, employees,partners, suppliers, media and all other stakeholders.Your culture
10、 is the formula, the DNA that provides guidelines, boundaries and expectations for your team and your customers, and is the primary platform for inspiring and motivating your people, and is the most powerful resource you have to attract, recruit, hire and retain the highest level of talent to your b
11、usiness. The best people always want to work with the best companies, and the best people are the catalyst for creating ongoing business success.Talented humans want to do business with best organizations because it aligns with their own values and expectations. These talented people, partners and c
12、lients see your culture as a strong differentiator of how you do business, rather than solely on your products or services alone.Typically, companies with a strong culture tend to produce superior results as compared to those with weaker cultures. When a culture is strong, it leads to motivated empl
13、oyees and high performing managers. Over the past few decades, both academics and practitioners have spent time focusing on the issue of corporate culture and whether a companys culture does in fact impact its overall performance and effectiveness.11. Company culture is the shared values, beliefs, a
14、nd characteristics of an organization.12. Nor do most company fall perfectly into a single culture.13. Company culture is important to employees because they are more likely to enjoy work when their needs and values are consistent with their employers.14. A strong organizational culture can clearly
15、differentiate a business from its competitors.15. If an employee works for a company with a strong culture that aligns with his/her own beliefs, the employee will he more likely to work hard.16. If a company has a strong work culture, most people in the group agree on the culture.17. Talented people
16、 want to work in a culture which aligns with their expectations. Part 2 Questions 1823.(18 points, 3 points each)Read the following passage and choose the best sentence (AF) to fill each of the gaps.(18)If so, then youll be joining the millions of entrepreneurs who have carved out a niche in the wor
17、ld of e-commerce.At its core, e-commerce refers to the purchase and sale of goods and/or services via electronic channels such as the Internct.(19)The medium grew with the increased availability of internet access and the advent of popular online sellers in the 1990s and the early 2000s.Like any dig
18、ital technology or consumer-based purchasing market, e-commerce has evolved over the years.(20)With the rise of such sites as Facebook and Pinterest, social media has become an important driver of e-commerce.(11360号)高级商务英语阅读试题第3页(共8页)The changing market represents a vast opportunity for businesses t
19、o improve their relevance and expand their market in the online world. (21) These figures will continue to climb as mobile and internet use expand both in the U.S. and in developing markets around the world.As with traditional commerce, there are four principal categories of e-commerce:B2B, B2C,C2B
20、and C2C.B2B(business to business)(22)One example is manufticturers selling to distributors and wholesalers selling to retailers. B2C(business to consumer)- B2C consists of businesses selling to (he public through shopping cart software, without needing any human interaction. This is what most people
21、 think of when they heare-conimerce.”C2B(consumcr to business) In C2B e-commcrce, consumers post a project with a set budget online, and companies bid on the project.(23)C2C(consumcr to consumer) This takes place within online classified ads, forums or marketplaces where individuals can buy and sell
22、 their goods.A This involves companies doing business with each other.B Researchers predict e-commerce will be 17 percent of U.S. retail sales by 2022. The U.S. spent about S460 billion online in 2017.C The consumer reviews the bids and selects the company.D E-commcrcc was first introduced in the 19
23、60s via an electronic data intcrchangc(EDI) on value-added networks(VANs).E Are you thinking about starting a business where you sell your products online? F As mobile devices became more popular, mobile commerce has become its own market.Part 3 Questions 2428.(15 points, 3 points each)Read the foll
24、owing passage and choose the best statement (A, B. C or D)for each question.For the first time, three candidates are contesting the World Bank presidency in what ought to be an open, competitive and merit-based process. I feel privileged to be one of those candidates, and to represent the aspiration
25、s of many people from the developing world.(11360号)高级商务英语阅读试题第4页(共8页)My own approach to thinking about development has been influenced by my childhood experiences. I grew up in a village in Nigeria where I knew poverty first-hand. I lived through the Nigerian civil war in my formative years, where I
26、 observed how violence could set back years of economic development. My thinking has also been shaped by the past 30 years, working in almost every region of the world on thorny issues of development. It has certainly been informed by four years as finance and foreign minister in one of the most cha
27、llenging but also exciting countries in the worldNigeria.In the wake of the great recession, the uncertain times in which we live call for decisive action. The World Bank must respond quickly and effectively to three key challenges facing its client countries in ways that respect their priorities, t
28、heir culture and their own processes.Creating jobs is the first and most important challenge, complicated by ihe coming of age of a burgeoning youth population. This requires steady, inclusive economic growth based on prudent macroeconomic policies and development of key sectors of the economy, fitt
29、ing the specific conditions of each country. No one size fits all. For many countries, it would be important to prioritize investments in infrastructure, agriculture, health, education and other sectors that can unleash jobs.Second, the Bank must support investments in human capital, especially in h
30、ealth, education, and welfare. Health sector investments should prioritize strengthening national health systems as a way of sustainably managing disease prevention and control. Similarly, investments in education must extend beyond primary and secondary enrolment targets,and focus on learning outco
31、mes, vocational (raining and (he development of employable skills at the secondary and tertiary level.Third, the Bank must support developing countries in building appropriate institutions that support properly rights and the enforcement of contracts, promote good governance and provide a conducive
32、environment for private initiative. Building institutions is arduous and requires patience and persistence. Institutional reforms have been dear to my heart, both in Nigeria and abroad, and nowhere more so than in fighting corruption. In Nigeria, I have promoted and implemented transparency of the b
33、udget and public finances by publishing monthly revenues of all tiers of government, which has been instrumental in making leaders more accountable. I have fought corruption at our ports and strengthened central government governance.These three major challenges-creating jobs, investing in the human
34、 capital of the poor and building institutionshave to be pursued with vigor. Furthermore, the Bank also plays a key role in ensuring the efficient delivery of global public goods and in meshing its initiatives with the priorities of national and regional development programs.24. The writer of this p
35、assage is A. the president of the World BankB. a candidate for the presidency of the World BankC. a reporter of a newspaperD. a politician working in Nigeria25. Which of the following about the writers experience is not mentioned according to the passage?A. He experienced poverty in his childhood.B.
36、 He used to work in almost every region of the world.C. He has been the finance and foreign minister of Nigeria.D. He grew up in Nigeria and received education overseas.26. The three key challenges put forward by the writer does not include A. creating jobsB. investing in the human capitalC. improvi
37、ng the welfare of the poorD. building institutions27. The writer thinks to create jobs, each countryA. should have its specific policies that fit its own conditionsB. could apply the same policies that fit allC. should stimulate its youth populationD. needs to prioritize their investments28. The pri
38、ority of health sector investments isA. creating jobsB. strengthening national health systemsC. extending beyond primary and secondary enrolment targetsD. improving learning outcomes and vocational training（11360号）高级商务英语阅读试题第6页（共8页）Part 4 Questions 2938.(10 points,! point each)Read the following pas
39、sage and fill each gap with the best word (A,B, C or D).Components of a ProductOn the surface i( seems a product is simply a marketing offering,(29)tangible or intangible, that someone wants to purchase and consume, in which case one might believe product decisions are focused exclusively on designi
40、ng and building the consumable elements of goods, services or ideas. For instance, one might think the key product decision for a manufacturer of floor cleaners is to fbcus on creating a(30)(hat cleans more effectively. In actuality, while decisions related to (he consumable parts of the product arc
41、 extremely important, the Total Product consists of more than what is(31). Th total product offering and the decisions facing the marketer can be broken down into three key parts: Core Benefits Actual Product Augmented ProductCore BenefitsConsider (hat people make buying decisions that satisfy (heir
42、 needs. While many needs are addressed by the consumption of a product or service, some needs are not. For instance, customers may need to be perceived highly by other members of thcir(32)or need a product that is easy to use or need a risk-free purchase. In each of these cases, and many more, the c
43、ore product itself is the benefit the customer receives from using the product.In some cases these core benefits arc(33)by (he product itself (e.g.,floor cleaner) while in other cases the benefit is offered by other aspects of the product (c.g., the can containing the floor cleaner that makes it eas
44、ier to spread the product). Consequently, a( the very heart of all product decisions is determining the key or core benefits a product will provide. From this decision, the rest of the product offering can be developed.Actual ProductThe core benefits are offered through the components that make up t
45、he actual product the customer purchases. For instance, when a consumcr(34)home from shopping at the grocery store and takes a purchased item out of her shopping bag, the actual product is the item she holds in her hand.(11360号)高级商务英语阅读试题第7页(共8页)Within the actual product is the consumable product,(3
46、5)can be viewed as the main good, service or idea the customer is buying. For example, while toothpaste may come in a package that makes dispensing it easy, the Consumable Product is the paste that is placed on a toothbrush. But marketers must understand that while the consumable product is,(36) mos
47、t cases, the most critical of all product decisions, the actual product includes many separate product decisions including product features, branding, packaging, labeling,and more.Augmented ProductMarketers often surround their actual products with goods and services that provide additional value to
48、 the customers purchase. While these factors may not be key reasons (37)customers to purchase(i.e.,not core benefits), for some the inclusion of these items strengthens the purchase decision while for(38)failure to include these may cause the customer not to buy. Items considered part of the augmented product include guarantee, warranty, customer service, complementary products and accessibility.29.A.howeverB.thatC.neitherD.whether30.A.liquidB.fonnuiaC.formD.thing31.A.perceivedB.gotC.consumedD.thought32.A.familyB.company