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1、2 0 2 0年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题i o 完形填空夹叙夹议文一、2020年高考真题1.2020 全国卷I】阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Since our twins began learning to walk,my wife and I have kept telling them that our slidingglass door is just a window.The 41 is obvious.If we 42 it is a door,theyll want togo outside 43.It will
2、 drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the 44.But ourinsisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open thedoor.I hate lying to the kids.One day theyll 47 and discover that everything theyve alwaysknown about windows is a 48.I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no
3、matter the 50.1 have a verystrong 51 that the lie were telling is doing 52 damage to our children.Windowsand doors have 53 metaphorical(比 口 俞)meanings.Tm telling them they cant open whatthey absolutely know is a door.What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door,like anopportunity(机会)of some
4、sort,and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity,theyjust 56 it and wonder,”What if it isnt a door?That is,What if it isnt a 57opportunity?”Maybe its an unreasonable fear.But the 58 is that I shouldnt lie to my kids.I shouldjust 59 repeatedly having to say,No.We cant go outside now.Then when
5、they cometo other doors in life,be they real or metaphorical,they wont 60 to open them and walkthrough.41.A.relief B.target C.reason D.case42.A.admitB.believeC.meanD.realize43.A.graduallyB.constantlyC.temporarilyD.casually44.A.resultB.dangerC.methodD.truth45.A.merelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.partly46.A.re
6、viewingB.approvingC.receivingD.attempting47.A.win outB.give upC.wake upD.stand out48.A.dreamB.lieC.fantasyD.fact49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachers50.A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD.consequences51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.doubt52.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral53.A.trad
7、itionalB.importantC.doubleD.original54.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD.history55.A.by comparison withD.instead ofB.in addition toC.regardless of56.A.get hold ofB.stare atC.knock onD.make use of57.A.realB.typicalC.similarD.limited58.A.safety ruleB.comfort zoneC.bottom lineD.top secret59.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.
8、accept60.A.hurryB.decideC.hesitateD.intend这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门,引申出生活中的“门”,从而探讨了一种教育理念。作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相,这样,孩子们才可以在生活的道路上,不再被各种“进退两难”所困扰,从而抓住机遇,勇往直前。41.C考查名词词义辨析。句意:原因是明显的。A.relief安慰;B.target目标;C.reason原因;D.case 情况。根据下文 If we 42 it is a door,theyll want to go outside 43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因
9、是明显的”。故选C。42.A考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们承认它是一扇门,他们就会不断地想出去。A.admit承认;B.believe 相信;C.mean 意味着;D.realize 意识到。卜 文 theyll want to go outside 43.说他们就会经常想出去,那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。43.B考查副词词义辨析。句意:如果我们承认它是一扇门,他们就会不断地想出去。A.gradually逐 步 地;B.constantly不断地;C temporarily临时地;D casually随便地。根据下文I shouldjust 59 repeatedly having
10、 to say,No.We cant go outside now.可推测出,孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。44.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:孩子们显然知道这个真相。A.result结果;B.danger危险;C.method方法;D.truth 真相。下文 But our insisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions ofrequests to open the door.说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试,和下文的Ihate lying tothe kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。45.A考查副词词义辨析。句意
11、:但是,我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户,阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A.merely只不过;B.slightly轻微地;C.hardly几乎不;D.partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们,所以轻描淡写地说,它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。46.D考查动名词词义辨析。句意:但是,我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户,阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A.reviewing 回顾;B.approving 赞成;C.receiving 收到;D.attempting 尝试。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选Do47.C考查动词短语辨
12、析。句意:有一天,他们会开始了解真相,并且发现,一直以来,他们所知道的关于窗户的一切,是一个谎言。A.win out最后获得成功;B.give up放弃;C.wake up开始了 解真相;D.stand out 站出来。根据 and discover that everything theyve always knownabout windows is a也可知有一天,孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。48.B考查名词词义辨析。句意:有一天,他们会开始了解真相,并且发现,一直以来,他们所知道的关于窗户的一切,是一个谎言。A.dream梦想;B.lie谎言;C.fantasy幻想;D.fact事实。
13、根据Ihate lying to the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户,可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切,是一个谎言。故选B。49.A考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想知道父母是否应该说出真相,无论结果如何。p a re n ts父母;B.twins 双胞胎;C.colleagues 同事;D.teachers 老师。根据下文 to our children,可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故 选A。50.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想知道父母是否应该说出真相,无论结果如何。A.restrictions限制;B.explanations 解释;C.difference
14、s 差异;D.consequences 结果。根据 theyll want to gooutside刃.可知一旦我说出真相,孩子们就总想着打开门出去,这是一种说出真相的“后果 。故 选D。51.B考查名词词义辨析。句意:我有一种强烈的害怕,害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A.demand 要求;B.fear 害怕;C.desire 欲望;D.doubt 怀疑。根据 that the lie weretelling is doing 52 damage to our children.和 Maybe its an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故
15、 选B。52.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我有一种强烈的害怕,害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A.physical 身体的;B biological 生物的;C.spiritual 心 灵 的;D.behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时,犹豫不前。由此可知,这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故 选C。53.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意:窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A.traditional传统的;B.important重要的;C.double双重的;D.original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是打开
16、门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想 知 道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。由此可知,窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故 选B。54.A考查名词词义辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是打开门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想 知 道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。A.life 生活;B.time 时 间;C.reply 回答;D.history 历史。根据 Then whenthey come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故 选A。55.D考查短语辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就
17、像某种机会,他们不是打开门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想 知 道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。A.by comparison with 与 相比;B.in addition to 除 之外;C.regardless of 不管;D.insteadof而不是。对孩子们撒谎,今后,孩子们面对生活中的“门”时,会观望,而不是打开“门”。故选D。56.B考查动词短语辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是打开门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想知道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。A.get hold of 抓住;B.stare at 凝视;C.knock on 敲
18、 击(门、窗);D.make use of 利用。孩子们遇到机会,不是马上抓住它,而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知,孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。57.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意:也就是说,假如它不是一个真的机会,将会怎么样?A.real真的;B.typical典型的;C.similar相似的;D.limited有限的。孩子们面对机会,犹豫不前,是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。58.C考查名词短语词义辨析。句意:但是,底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A safety rule安全守则;B.comfort zone 舒适带;C.bottom line 底线;D.top secret 绝密的。根据 I
19、 shouldnt lieto my kids.可知这是我的底线。故选C。59.D考查动词词义辨析。句意:我应该只是接受重复的说;“不,我们现在不能去外面。A.delay推迟;B.regret后悔;C.enjoy享受;D.accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时,我也不得不重复的说:“不,我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实,我只能接受。故选D。60.C考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,当他们遇到生活中的其他“门”时,或真实或比喻,他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们,然后走过去。A.hurry匆忙;B.decide决定;C.hesitate犹豫;D.intend打算。根据and walk through.可知当
20、告知孩子们真相时,孩子们将不再犹豫,大踏步向前走。故选C。2.【2020 全国卷III】阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As s businesswoman,I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feelaffection,41 can also drive you mad.Theyll come rushing in,42 their handbagsbeen stolen.Theyll 43 that they left it in the cha
21、nging room,create havoe(7昆 舌L)and then44 it had been in their car all the time.Theyll have out half the 45 in the shop,and wantthe only style you dont have left in a 46 colour.I do know how upset the shop staff can get,but I try to persuade them to keep 47.I remember the first really 48 customer we
22、had at Covent Garden.She was 49absolutely everything,nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a“regular”.After a while,she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning.She had split up with herhusband the week before,was living in a flat 52,and since shed found it too much to copewith(应对
23、),shed taken it out on 53 people.That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in themarket.Dont take it 56.If a customer is rude or difficult,just think“Maybe shes had a rowwith her husband.Maybe her childs not 57 Always water it down and dont let your ego(自我)get 58.If you do,y
24、ou wont be able to 59 it and the whole thing developsinto an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyones day.41.A.shopkeepersB.customersC.salespersonsD.receptionists42.A.sayingB.pretendingC.guessingD.replying43.A.agreeB.promiseC.imagineD.swear44.A.forgetB.decideC.discoverD.assume45.A.foodsB.cataloguesC.b
25、elongingsD.goods46.A.particularB.differentC.matchingD.natural47.A.fightingB.smilingC.waitingD.changing48.A.generousB.politeC.carelessD.difficult49.A.curious aboutB.displeased withC.patient withD.uncertain about50.A.relaxedB.delightedC.surprisedD.embarrassed51.A.searchedB.arguedC.prayedD.apologized52
26、.A.by chanceB.by herselfC.on purposeD.on duty53.A.rudeB.suchC.otherD.lonely54.A.lessonB.trickC.skillD.trade55.A.workB.shopC.meetD.quarrel56.A.kindlyB.secretlyC.personallyD.casually57.A.readyB.awayC.upD.well58.A.out of sightB.in the wayC.behind the sceneD.above the law59.A.stressB,expectC.handleD.bla
27、me60.A.ruinsB makesC.startsD.saves这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人,遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客,而有一个难缠的顾客,一开始对每件事都不满意,结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者,是因为自己和丈夫分居了,于是把气撒到其他人身上,这让作者学到了宝贵的一课,那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾,不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时,结果只会毁 每个人的一天。41.B考查名词词义辨析。句意:但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样,顾客也会让你抓狂。A.shopkeepers 店主;B.customers 顾客;C.salespersons 售货员;D.receptionist 接
28、待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人,因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选Bo42.A考查动词词义辨析。句 意:他们会冲进来,说手提包被偷了。A.saying说;B.pretending假装;C.guessing猜测;D.replying回答。结合后文their handbags been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。43.D考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A.agree同意;B.promise承诺;C.imagine想象;D.swear发誓。顾客
29、冲进作者的店里,信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。44.C考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A.forget忘 记;B.decide决定:C.discover发现;D.assume假设。结合后文it had been in Iheir car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室,结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。45.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们会试用商店里一半的商品,只想耍一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A.foods食物;B.catalogues目录;C.belongings所有物;
30、D.goods商品。结合后文in Ihe shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。46.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们会试用商店里一半的商品,只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A.particular特 别 的;B.different不同的;C.matching相配的;D.natural自然的。结合上文由e only style you dont have left in a 可知顾客试了店里一半的商品,结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色(particular)没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。47.B考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道店员会有多沮丧,但我努力
31、说服他们保持微笑。A.fighting打架;B.smiling微笑;C.waiting等待;D.changing改变。结合上文可知,一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为,面对这种情况,虽然店员会很沮丧,“但是 一词边是转折,与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反,结合选项,B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。48.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A.generous慷慨的;B.polite礼貌的;C.careless粗心的;D.difficult难缠的,困难的。结合后文 nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满,很难缠。故选D。49.B
32、考查动词短语辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的是,她居然成了 常客”。A.curious about 好奇;B.displeased with 对.不满意;C.patient with对 有耐心;D.uncertain about对 不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。50.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的是,她居然成了 常客”。A.relaxed放松的;B.delighted高兴的;C.surprised惊讶的;D.embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位
33、顾客对每件事都不满意,但是居然成了“常客”,这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。51.D考查动词词义辨析。句意:不久,她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A.searched搜索;B.argued争论;C.prayed祈祷;D.apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠,对一切都不满,结果后来成了常客,她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for”为某事道歉。故选D。52.B考查介词短语辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为她觉得实在难以应付,就把气撒在别人身上。A.by chance偶然;B.by herself她独自地;C.onpurpose 故意地;D.on du
34、ty 值班。结合上文 She had split up with her husband the week before,wasliving in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了,因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。53.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为她觉得实在难以应付,就把气撒在别人身上。A.rude粗鲁的;B.such这样的;C.other其他的;D.lonely 寂寞的。结合上文 since shed found it too much to cope with,shed taken it out on 可知她难以应付这样压力,于是
35、决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。54.A考查名词词义辨析。句意:这给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A.lesson课程,教训;B.trick诡计;C.skill技 能;D.trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟,可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。55.A考查动词词义辨析。句意:这给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A.work工作;B.shop购物;C.meet会面;D.quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。56.C考查副词词义辨析。句意:别太在意。A.kindly亲切
36、地;B.secretly秘密地;C.personally亲自地;D.casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你,要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally 在意,把这些放在心上”。故选C。57.D考查副词词义辨析。句意:也许她的孩子不太好。A.ready迅速地;B.away离开;C.up向上;D.well好地。根据上文Maybe shes had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。58.B考查介词短语辨析。句 意:一定要淡化它,不要让你的自我妨碍你。A.out o
37、f sight看不见;B.in the way妨碍,挡道:C.behind the scene幕后;D.above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客,要淡化这种不好的情绪,不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B 059.C考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面,毁/每个人的一天。A.stress强调;B.expect期待;C.handle处理;D.blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。60.A考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面,毁了
38、每个人的一天。A.ruins毁灭;B.makes制 作;C.starts开 始;D.saves拯救。结合上文 the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面,那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。3.【2020 江苏卷】阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough.Success 36fundamenta
39、lly on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives.When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931,hehad no 38 of knowing that his life was to change 39.The class experiment that daywas to 40 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling(冒泡)to
40、 the surface.41,the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 42 held something more volatile(易挥发的)than water.When Wilson heated it,the container 43,leaving Wilson blinded in botheyes.When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later,his parents 44 to find away to deal with the catastrophe th
41、at had 45 their lives.But Wilson did not regard theaccident as 46.He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at WorcesterCollege for the Blind.There,he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)47 publicspeaker.Later,he worked in Africa,where many people suffered from 48 for
42、lack of propertreatment.For him,it was one thing to 49 his own fete of being blind and quite another toallow something to continue 50 it could be fixed so easily.This moved him to action.Andtens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the52Wilson received s
43、everal international 53 fbr his great contributions.He lost his sightbut found a 54.He proved that its not what happens to us that 55 our lives-its whatwe make of what happens.36.A.dependsB.holdsC.keepsD.reflects37.A.dilemmasB.accidentsC.eventsD.steps38.A.wayB.hopeC.planD.measure39.A.continuallyB.gr
44、aduallyC.gracefullyD.completely40.A.directB.showC.advocateD.declare41.A.AnywayB.MoreoverC.SomehowD.Thus42.A.mistakenlyB.casuallyC.amazinglyD.clumsily43.A.eruptedB.explodedC.emptiedD.exposed44.A.deservedB.attemptedC.caredD.agreed45.A.submitted toB.catered forC.impressed onD.happened to46.A.fantasticB
45、.extraordinaryC.impressiveD.catastrophic47.A.accomplishedB.crucialC.specificD.innocent48.A.deafnessB.depressionC.blindnessD.speechlessness49.A.decideB.abandonC.controlD.accept50.A.untilB.whenC.unlessD.before51.A.oppositionB.adjustmentsC.commitmentD.limitations52.A.preventableB.potentialC.spreadableD
46、.influential53.A.scholarshipsB.rewardsC.awardsD.bonuses54.A.fortuneB.recipeC.dreamD.vision55.A.distinguishesB.determinesC.claimsD.limits这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外,威尔逊失明了。但是,他并没有抱怨命运的不公,而是努力地学习,接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力,获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们:成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。36.A考查动词词义辨析。句意:成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法
47、。A depends依 靠;B.holds握,持 有;C.keeps保持;D.reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知,仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on:取决于。故选A。37.C考查名词词义辨析。句意:成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A.dilemmas进退两难的处境;B.accidents意外事故;C.events事,事件;D.steps脚步,步骤。结合文章最后一句He proved that its not what happens to us that 55 our lives-if
48、swhat we make of what happens v可知,我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选Co38.A考查名词词义辨析。句意:1931年的一个雨天,当 12岁的约翰威尔逊走进他的化学教室时,他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A.way方法,方式;B.hope希望;C.plan计划;D.measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。39.D考查副词词义辨析。句意:1931年的一个雨天,当 12岁的约翰威尔逊走进他的化学教室时,他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A.continually不断地;B
49、.gradually逐渐地;C.gracefully优雅地;D.completely完全地。结合下文可知,一场意外导致他失明,这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。40.B考查动词词义辨析。句意:那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A.direct指导,引导;B.show展示;C.advocate提倡,倡导;D.declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。41.C考查副词词义辨析。句意:不知怎么的,老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A.Anyway无论如何,不管怎样;B.Moreover而且;C.
50、Somehow不知怎么地;D.Thus因此。不知怎么的,老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。42.A考查副词词义辨析。句意:不知怎么的,老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A.mistakenly错误地;B.casually随意地;C.amazingly令人惊奇地;D.clumsily笨拙地。老 师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水,结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选Ao43.B考查动词词义辨析。句意:当威尔逊把它加热时,容器爆炸了,导致威尔逊失明。A.erupted爆发,喷出;B.exploded爆炸;C.emptied腾空,掏空;D.exposed揭露