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1、专题19 完形填空夹叙夹议文I、2021年高考真题（2021全国乙卷完形填空）Simply saying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a _41_ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different _42_ of gratitude(感谢). My
2、 thoughts were soon _43_. We had a woman patient who was _44_ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while _45_ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was _46_ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, _47_the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she reco
3、vered, though _48_, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks. She was _49_ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge we shared in her _50_ at her recovery. As she was _51_ she was eager to say _52_ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _5
4、3_ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _54_ to accept it, saying that we were all just _55_ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _56_:“Oh this isnt for the_57_ I had. I take that as a _58_. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” And there you hav
5、e it. To many people,_59_lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _60_ and should be rewarded.41. A. cleanerB. chemistC. nurseD. doctor42. A. gradesB. meaningsC. needsD. expectations43. A. brushed asideB. put to the testC. brought under discussionD. taken into account44. A. departingB. escapi
6、ngC. retiringD. recovering45. A. attemptingB. choosingC. pausingD. promising46. A. eventuallyB. fortunatelyC. casuallyD. secretly47. A. assessingB. requiringC. formingD. proving48. A. slightlyB. accidentallyC. slowlyD. happily49. A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. sorrowfulD. fearful50. A. surpriseB. deligh
7、tC. curiosityD. disappointment51. A. operatingB. thinkingC. hesitatingD. leaving52. A. sorryB. helloC. goodbyeD. yes53. A. reachedB. consultedC. introducedD. persuaded54. A. wishedB. pretendedC. failedD. refused55 A. enjoyingB. doingC. securingD. starting56. A. repeatedB. recitedC. repliedD. reporte
8、d57. A. courageB. patienceC. dutyD. care58. A. goalB. givenC. pushD. greeting59. A. riskingB. changingC. savingD. building60. A. honourB. abilityC. openingD. extra【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文
9、章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. g
10、rades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。43.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文
11、讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。46.考查副
12、词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B
13、。48.考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。50.考查名词
14、词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。52.考查名词词义辨
15、析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到
16、一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了
17、自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。56.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。57.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职
18、责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。58.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：
19、对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。60.考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the jo
20、b”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。II、2021年高考模拟试题 （2021宝坻区三模完形填空）Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to_16_on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I_17_myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was_18_at the thought of living with loads of new p
21、eople for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of_19_, my worries had gone. Everyone was so_20_and like-minded that it was very_21_to feel at home. I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day_22_. We had to_23_everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. I
22、t may not seem like a_24_way but in 35 heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire. My job was to_25_a stairway out of rock. This_26_climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never_27_. Three days later a beautiful s
23、tairway came into being. The_28_of knowing that my_29_will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive. But on the last night we were_30_in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to_31_. I had to spend the rest of the night trembl
24、ing in the only_32_part of my tent. _33_, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I_34_. I think I am much_35_for having taken part in the project.16. A. calculateB. negotiateC. advertiseD. research17. A. imaginedB. introducedC. enjoyedD. found18. A. annoyedB.
25、 surprisedC. scaredD. excited19. A. arrivingB. sleepingC. thinkingD. walking20. A. confidentB. friendlyC. energeticD. curious21. A. funnyB. goodC. luckyD. easy22. A. tourB. projectC. campaignD. course23. A. dropB. makeC. carryD. buy24. A. niceB. safeC. longD. quick25. A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard
26、26. A. helpedB. endedC. allowedD. meant27. A. huntedB. trainedC. seenD. fed28. A. satisfactionB. ambitionC. expectationD. intention29. A. workB. memoryC. recordD. story30. A. leftB. caughtC. attackedD. separated31. A. boilingB. averageC. normalD. freezing32. A. tidyB. dryC. newD. soft33. A. By the w
27、ayB. Regardless of thatC. Needless to sayD. In either case34. A. survivedB. resistedC. escapedD. recovered35. A. smarterB. strongerC. happierD. busier【答案】16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上
28、查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。16.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。17.考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. ima
29、gined想象；B. introduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to_1_on the Internet”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。18.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。19.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；
30、B. sleeping睡觉；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。20.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky
31、幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. car
32、ry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side o
33、f a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。27.考查动词词义辨析句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only hear
34、d”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。28.考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“M
35、y job was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。31.考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D.
36、freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。33.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下
37、。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。34.考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。35.考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的
38、；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。（2021天津芦台一中六模完形填空）Last July I got a job at a theater I admire. I was feeling lucky. But something wasnt _16_ .My daughter was going to leave for university in the fall and I wasnt _17_ for
39、 her to go. Our household is small and tight-knit（关系亲密的）. Its just the two of us. I was excited for my daughter and I felt I had _18_ her well. But no one had prepared me for this. I was _19_. I felt as though I were drowning（溺亡）.Somehow, this feeling of drowning was what _20_ me. One day as I was w
40、alking home, I _21_ the university pool. I must have walked past it a million times. Swimming wasnt something I usually did. And yet something _22_ me to take it up.The next morning I _23_ the pool. I headed over to the shallow end, the area reserved for _24_ like me. I walked down the cold steps in
41、to the poll and all of a sudden, I was in. I could touch the floor, and that was reassuring（安心的）. I looked around to make sure the other people werent watching my awkward strokes. “No one is watching,” I _25_ to myself. No one cares if you look like a baby elephant swimming for the first time. No on
42、e cares if your heart _26_ when my daughter packs up her things and _27_. Somehow, in that moment, this was _28_.I swam slowly from one end to the other, feeling a _29_. I found myself crying. Thankfully, no one could tell my _30_ from the water running down my face. Afterward, I headed for the chan
43、ging room, smiling and feeling proud that I faced this _31_. When I got home, my daughter said that I looked _32_.The next day, I was up early, swimming bag in hand I was _33_ afraid of drowning. I was breathing easier. I was feeling better.Having “an empty nest” is an easy catchphrase（口头禅）for somet
44、hing that is impossible to describe. It is not just an empty room. It is a _34_ part of who you are. And for me, swimming _35_ a part of that hole.16. A. specialB. rightC. trueD. strange17. A. afraidB. sureC. readyD. sorry18. A. preparedB. treatedC. caredD. planned19. A. disappointedB. inspiredC. pa
45、nickingD. complaining20. A. controlledB. improvedC. botheredD. saved21. A. examinedB. overlookedC. noticedD. recognized22. A. pushedB. expectedC. orderedD. allowed23. A. set apart fromB. set out forC. get out ofD. get away from24. A. fightersB. volunteersC. losersD. beginners25. A. repeatedB. rememb
46、eredC. recalledD. replied26. A. racesB. poundsC. stopsD. breaks27. A. appearsB. leavesC. escapesD. fails28. A. comfortingB. upsettingC. annoyingD. confusing29. A. connectionB. releaseC. pressureD. conflict30. A. rainB. bloodC. tearsD. sweat31. A. hopeB. surpriseC. angerD. fear32. A. tiredB. paleC. happyD. healthy33. A. once againB. no longerC. as usualD. so far34. A. missingB. naturalC. uniqueD. useful35. A. touchesB. formsC. involvesD. fills【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25.