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1、2022年全国乙卷阅读理解-D篇二次开发Step 1限时15min-20min完成此篇阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注选择答案的依据。The Governments sugar (ax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted il would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April. 2016. (h
2、e (ax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per lOOinl. was introduced (o help reduce childhood obesity. It is believed that todays children and teenagers arc consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the suga
3、r tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make half?less than this amount. At present it is expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019. which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks so
4、ld in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers, efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced io pay between I8p
5、 and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted (he sugar tax and are refusing (o change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks a
6、rc free of the tax. as arc small companies manufacturing fewer than im litres per year.Todays figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next gener
7、ation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industr is playing its part.1. Why was the sugar tax introduced?A. To collect money fbr schools.?B. To improve the quality of drinks.C. To protect childrens health. ?D. To encourage research in education.2. How did some dri
8、nks companies respond io the sugar tax?A, They (umed to overseas markets.? B. They raised the prices of (heir products.C. They cut down on their production.?D. They reduced their products sugar content.3. From which of ihc following is the sugar tax collcclcd?A. Most alcoholic drinks.?B. Milk-based
9、drinks.C. Fruit juices.VD. Classic Coke.4. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?分析：？分词短语 Inspired by the Bell and Road Forum for?Inlemational?Cooperation 作为状语；分词短语?held?in Beijing.作为定语翻译：受到在北京举行的一带一路国际合作论坛的启发，曹决定通过徒步穿越这条路线来纪念占代丝绸之 路。Step 9:参考答案：l.C?2. G?3. D?4. A?5.EStep 1
10、0:参考答案：l.B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.CA. It is a short-sighted decision.?B. It is a success sicry.C. It benefits manufaciurers.VD. i（ upsets customers.Step 2 一句话概括本文大意：Step 3看全文翻译The Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would gener
11、ate, the first official data on the policy has shown.政府募软饮料征收的糖税所带来的收入是部长们最初预测的一半，关于该政策的第一个官方 数据显示。First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per iOOml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity. It is believed that todays children and
12、 teenagers arc consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.该税种于2016年4月首次公布，,适用于餐100毫升蓄糖量超过5克的软饮料，旨在帮助减 少儿童肥胖症。今天的儿童和青少年摄入的糖分是建议水平的三倍，这使得他们处于更高的 疾病风险中。Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the
13、 first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.最初，糖税预计将为财政部每年带来5. 2亿英镑的收入。然而，前六个月的数据显示，它的 收入还不到这个数字的一半。目前，预计截至2019年4月的一年中，它将产生2. 4亿英镑 的收入，这些钱将用于学校体育。It comes after more th
14、an half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers, efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been
15、forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.在征收糖税之前，商店里销售的软饮料有一半以上被制造商降低了糖5含量，这样他们就可 以避免交税。根据财政部的数字，由于制造商努力避免交税,饮料中的糖含量现在减少了 4500 万公斤。自4月以来，饮料公司被迫为其生产或进口的每升含糖饮料，按照糖分含量的不同 相应缴纳18便士至24便士的税款。However, some high sugar brands, li
16、ke Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than lin litres per year.然而，一些高糖品牌，足如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝做出改变，因为担心消 费者
17、的不满。果汁、牛奶类饮料和大多数酒精类饮料免于征税，每年产量少于100万升的小 公司也是如此。Todays figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active child
18、hood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.根据一位政府官员所说，今天的数字表明，糖税正在产生积极的影响，为体育设施和学校的 健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑。帮助下一代拥有健康和活跃的童年是非常重要的，而整个行业 正在发挥应有的作用。Step 4:请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义，或派生词、近义词（组），或根 据汉语写英语：1 .prcdict?v.?adj. predictive?有前兆的；?adv. predictably?可预言地；-?n.?预报；预言2 .?vt.?造成；产生；引起?1n.?产生；一代人；生殖
19、?adj. generative? 生殖的；生产的3 .manufacturer?!.?T?adj.?manufacturer?n.?生产商，制造商?n.?制 造厂，工厂一?n. manufaclure?制造；产品；制造业一?v. manufacture?制造；加工；捏造4 .charge?n.?T?adj. chargeable?应支付的；可以控诉的；可充电的?n.? 充电器；控诉者5 .?v.?强迫?adj.forced?被迫的；强迫的?adj.?强有力的；有说服 力的；坚强的?adv. forcefully?强有力地；激烈地6 .brand?n.?近义词 logo; label7 .up
20、setting?adj.?adj. upset?心烦的；混乱的；弄翻的T?n.?混乱： 翻倒一?v. upset?使心烦；颠覆；扰乱8 .?n.?不含酒精的饮料：软饮料9 .be introduced?by ?10 .?适用于11 .It is believed that?1.1 ihe?le?推荐的水平13 .at a higher risk of?14 .go to?15 .had their sugar levels cut?16 .?因为.17 .?根据，依赖于，18,for fear of?19 .are free of?20 .sports facilities?体育设施21 .i
21、s of great importance?22 .playing its part?23 .?对作出反应回答;服从；响应24 .?减少；节省25 .be inferred about?26 .?adj.？目光短浅的Step 5:请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。26.1 s difficult to make accurate?(predict)?about the effects on the environment.2 .The proposal has?(generation)?a lot of interest.3 .Any expenses you may gene
22、rate will be?(charge)?to the company.4 .Strcss and?(upset)?cvcnts arc an unavoidable part of life.5 .We want?(introduction)?the latest technology into schools.6 .Thc invention would have a wide range of?(apply)?in industry7 .They attach great?(important)?to the project.8 .You cant be?(depend)?on you
23、r parents all your life.9 .The product was developed in?(respond)?to customer demand.10 .The committee made?(recommend)?to the board on teachers pay and conditions.Step 6:请写出force在下列句中的词性和意义:1 .We will achieve much more by persuasion than bv?force?. ?,2 .he court ruled that these standards have?forc
24、e?in law. ?,3 .He joined thc?force?twcntv years ago. ?,4 .When do the new regulations come into?force?,5 .They were grabbed by three men who appeared to?force?thcni into a car.?,6 .That evening police?forced?(he door of (he apartment and arrested Mr. Roberts.?,7 .He changed our world through the?for
25、ce?of his ideas. ?,Step 7:长难句理解：L划主干，找出关联词，判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分；2.翻译句子1 .The Governmentsugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money?as?Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.分析：？翻译：？2.It is believed that todays children and teenagers a
26、rc consuming three times the recommended level?of?sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.分析：？翻译：？3. Ho we ver, data of the first six months showed it would make half?less?than?this amount. 分析：？翻译：？Step 8: ?a.做语法填空题；b.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下 面的线格处；c.分析长难句。A visually-challenged man from Beijin
27、g recently hiked (徒步)40 days to Xian, as a first step? 1 ?(journev ) the Belt and Road route by foot.On the I 7 100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang.?2 ?lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road F
28、orum for Interactional Cooperation?3 ?(hold) in Beijing. Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬)to the ancient Silk Road.?4 ?fricnd of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental?5
29、 ?(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more?6 ?(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five cars. Cao?7 ?(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africas?8 ?
30、(high ) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilonieters?9?Xi,an to Kashgar on Sept. 20.? 10?(plan) to hike back to Xian in live months. 词汇与句型积累：Step 9：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。? The Story of Sugar Tax? ? The
31、Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate,the first official data on the policy has shown.obesity.ltannounced in April ,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml,was introduced to h
32、elp reduce childhood obesity.lt is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar,putting them at a higher risk of the disease.?1?.? Initially, the sugar tax was expected to make ?520m a year for the Treasury.2 amount.Atthe first sixmonths showed
33、 it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate ?240m for the year ending in April 2019,which it will go to school sports.? ? ? 3 figures.Sincealf of the soft drinks in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufactures . Drinksnow contain 45 million fewer kilos of
34、 sugar as a result of manufactures* efforts to avoid the charge,according to Treasury figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litter of sugar drink they produce or import,depending on the sugar content.4.Forconsumers.Fruitc Coca, are refusing to cha
35、nge for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax,as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1 m litters per year.schools.Helpingures ,according to one government official,show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raisi
36、ng millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance,and the industry is playing its part.5?.A.Some high sugar brands have accepted the tax.B.Why was the sugar tax introduced?C.Thuszthe t
37、ax came into beingD.ln order to avoid paying high sugar taxesE.The sugar tax is a success storyF.lt is a near-sighed decisionG.However,the policy didnt go as planedStep 10：阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1 .This passage is kind of a?.A.lifeC.news?B. business story?C.news report?D. history story.This
38、passage is probably taken from?.A.bookB.newsC.travelB.news paper?C.travel guide?D. business Daily.What is the purpose of the sugar tax?A. To promise teenagers healthy and active developmentB.?To meet the customers/ needsC. To collect more money for the governmentD .To reduce the sale of sugar drinks
39、2 .?What is the main factor that make todays children and teenagers at a higher risk of the disease?A. They eat a lot of junk food.B. They consume a lot of soft drinks.C. They eat more than they need.D. They consume three times sugar larger than the recommend level.3 .What is the reaction of some hi
40、gh sugar brands to the sugar tax?A.They raised their prices of the productionB.They accepted the tax and remained the quality of their productionC.They secretly reduced their their products7 sugar contentD.They advertised their production to meet the customer6 .What is the authors opinion toward thi
41、s tax policy?A.aggressive?B.negative?C.optimistic?D.neutral.Which is the most suitable title for the text?A.Sugar tax is on the way.How to reduce the sugar contentC.Help children develop health lifestyleD.A successful sugar policy8.?What can be inferred from the passage?A. The adults are consuming t
42、hree times the recommended level of sugar.B. Some drink companies are willing to pay for the sugar tax.C. Collecting sugar tax is to protect childrens health.D. All the soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers.参考答案Step 2 -*句话概括语篇：The article mainly covers the UK gov
43、ernnient*s sugar tax on soft drinks to solve the health problems of children,?whose?income?can be?used for physical education?at?school.题目解析：第 1 题：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“F段t announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help red
44、uce childhood obesity .（该税于 2016 年 4 月首次宣布，适用r每io。亳升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。）”可知，征收糖税的目 的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。第 2 题：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax.（此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超 过一半的软饮料的含糖量，以避免纳税
45、。）”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D 项。第 3 题：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of （he tax, as are small companies
46、manufacturing fewer than I m litres per year.（然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶 为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。）“可知，糖税 主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。第 4 题：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Todays figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by rai
47、sing millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.（根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食 筹集了数百万英镑）”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。Step 4：请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义，或派生词、近义词（组），或根据汉语写英语：1 .prediced?v.?预言,预测一adj. predictive?有前兆的;一?adv. predictably?可预言地;?n. prediction?预报；预言2 .generate?vt
48、.?造成：产生；引起?一n. generation?产生；一代人：生殖？一adj. generative?生殖的；生 产的3 .manufacturer?n.?制造商，厂商?adj.?manufacturer?n.?生产商，制造商t?ii. manufactory?制造厂， 工厂一?n. manufacture?制造；产品：制造业一?v. manufacture?制造；加工：捏造4 .charge?n.?收费一?adj. chargeable?应支付的；可以控诉的；可充电的一?n. charge门充电器；控诉者5 .force?v.?强迫T?adj. forced?被迫的；强迫的T?adj. forceful?强有力的；有说服力的；坚强的一?adv. forcefully?强有力地；激烈地6 .brand?n.?品牌?近义词 logo; label7