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1、2021届高考英语模拟培优卷（新课标全国I I I 卷）本试卷满分1 2 0分，考试时间1 0 0分钟。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分4 0分）第 一 节（共1 5小题；每小题2分，满分3 0分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ATh e B i ggest Sh o p p i n g Malls i n t h e Wo rldIran MallNo w Iran Mall i s t h e bi ggest mall i n t h e wo rld.Lo cat ed i n No rt h west Teh ran,i t co vers a
2、 t o t al area o f aro u n d 2 1 mi lli o n squ are feet.It s a co mmerci al,cu lt u ralan d so ci al cen t er.On i t s ro o f,p eo p le can do act i vi t i es li ke h i ki n g,cycli n g,p layi n g t en n i s an d even swi mmi n g.Wh i le t h e already fi n i sh ed areas o f Iran Mall co met o get h
3、 er t o make t h i s mall t h e bi ggest i n t h e wo rld,so me p art s are st i ll bei n g bu i lt.C en t ral Wo rldLo cat ed i n t h e cap i t al o f Th ai lan d,C en t ral Wo rld i s o n e o f t h e largest sh o p p i n gcen t ers i n B an gko k.Th e C en t ral Wo rld mall i n clu des 5 0 0 st o
4、res,1 0 0 rest au ran t s an dcafes an d 1 5 ci n emas.It h as a ki d,s z o n e,a learn i n g cen t er an d t wo dep art men tst o res.It also h as i t s o wn i ce ri n k（溜冰场）.So u t h C h i n a MallTh e t i t le o f Wo rld s B i ggest Mai l was o n ce h eld by So u t h C h i n a Mall i nC h i n a.B
5、 u t i n 2 0 1 8 t h e co n st ru ct i o n o f t h e su p ermall i n Iran bro u gh t i t do wn o n esp o t t o seco n d p lace.It co vers an area o f 7.1 mi lli o n squ are feet an d was o p en edi n 2 0 0 5.It i n clu des seven di fferen t z o n es t h at are desi gn ed t o be li ke i mp o rt an tc
6、i t i es aro u n d t h e wo rld.On e z o n e i n clu des a mo del A rc de Tri o mp h e（凯旋门Ni ke t h eo n e i n Pari s,an d an o t h er wi t h go n do las（lo n g an d n arro w bo at s）i n Ven i ce.Mall o f Ist an bu lMall o f Ist an bu l co vers o ver 7 mi lli o n squ are feet sp ace.B esi des t h e
7、sh o p p i n gch o i ces,t h i s o n e h as a large t h eme p ark ri gh t i n si de!It s t h e fi rst o f i t s ki n di n Tu rkey.It h as o ver 3 0 0 st o res.Mo reo ver,i t h as several p erfo rman ce cen t ers,a go u rmet（美食）cen t er an d a sh o p p i n g cen t er.It i s also h o me t o Tu rkeyJ s
8、 bi ggestci n ema cen t er wi t h 1 2 t h eat ers.1.In wh i ch mall are t h ere so me p art s st i ll u n der co n st ru ct i o n?A.Iran Mall.B.C en t ral Wo rld.C.So u t h C h i n a Mall.D.Mall o f Ist an bu l.2.Wh at can yo u do i n So u t h C h i n a Mall?A.Vi si t a 7.1-mi 1 1 i o n-squ are-fo o
9、 t bo at.B.D o exci t i n g recreat i o n al act i vi t i es o n i t s ro o f.C.Sh o p i n fi ft een di fferen t fo rei gn z o n es.D.See mo dels o f o t h er co u n t ri es,t yp i cal scen es.3.Wh at makes Mall o f Ist an bu l sp eci al i n Tu rkey?A.It s p erfo rman ce cen t ers.B.It s large i n s
10、i de t h eme p ark.C.It s bi ggest go u rmet cen t er.D.It s wo rld,s largest i ce ri n k.B I h ave can cer.Mo m sai d an d h eld me i n a t i gh t h u g.I co u ld feel h er ch estsh aki n g as sh e t ri ed n o t t o cry bu t fai led.Fo r all o f my t wen t y-fo u r years,my mo m h ad been su p p o
11、rt i ve.St ren gt h an dp ro t ect i o n h ad always flo wed fro m h er t o me.No w I kn ew i l wo u ld h ave lo flo w Ih eo t h er way.Mo m di dn，t st ay do wn fo r lo n g.A ft er t h e sh o ck o f breast-can cer,sh e armedh erself wi t h a n o t ebo o k an d a p en an d a t h o u san d qu est i o
12、n s fo r t h e do ct o rs.Sh e t o o kn o t es o n wh i t e blo o d cell co u n t s an d medi cat i o n s（药物）wi t h lo n g n ames as t h o u gh sh ewere st u dyi n g fo r en t ran ce exams i n t o medi cal sch o o l.Th e n o t-kn o wi n g i s t h e wo rst.sh e sai d.Th e o p erat i o n was su ccessf
13、u l.Th e ch emo（化疗）was t h e h arder p art.I wen t wi t hMo m t o every ch emo t reat men t.Sh e rarely co mp lai n ed,t h o u gh h er h ai r was go n e an dh er t o en ai ls an d fi n gern ai ls fell o u t o n e by o n e.Sh e j o ked t h at sh e co u ld save mo n eyo n n ai l p o li sh an d p u t i
14、 t t o ward t h e do ct o r bi lls,even t h o u gh sh e n ever wo re n ai lp o li sh.C an cer can t ake my h ai r,my n ai ls,my h ealt h,my very li fe.B u t i t can，tt ake my smi le.Mo m sai d.Mo m learn ed t o sh are h er fears wi t h me,an d i t fo rmed an even deep er bo n d bet weenu s.Yet I am
15、cert ai n t h ere were fears sh e di dn t sh are becau se sh e was st i llp ro t ect i n g me-wo rri es sh e o n ly sh ared wi t h D ad.Even i n t h e darkest h o u rs,sh e wo u ldj u st j o ke abo u t t h e can cer.Mo m always sai d,“Wh en yo u lo o k yo u r great est fear i nt h e eye an d lau gh
16、at i t,yo u t ake away so me o f i t s p o wer.”Mo m was o n e o f t h e lu cky o n es.Sh e di d beat h er can cer,t h o u gh n o t wi t h o u t scars.Fro m h er,I ve learn ed I may n o t get t o ch o o se wh at I face,bu t I do get t o ch o o seh o w I face i t.4.Wh at do es t h e u n derli n ed se
17、n t en ce i n Paragrap h 2 mean?A.Th ere were o t h er ways t o t reat can cer.B.Kn o wledge o fcan cer wo u ld be h elp fu l.C.Mo m h ad t o st ay st ro n ger t o beat can cer.D.I sh o u ld be t h e o n ebei n g t h ere fo r Mo m.5.Wh i ch o f t h e fo llo wi n g wo rds can best descri be Mo m?A.Hu
18、 mo ro u s an d gen ero u s.B.C o n si derat e an d ambi t i o u s.C.Op t i mi st i c an d det ermi n ed.D.C ari n g an d kn o wledgeable.6.Wh at i s t h e fi ft h p aragrap h mai n ly abo u t?A.Th e fear Mo m sh ared wi t h me.B.Th e ways Mo m faced fear.C.Th e j o kes Mo m t o ld me.D.Th e bo n d
19、Mo m an d I fo rmed.7.Wh at lesso n di d t h e au t h o r learn fro m Mo m?A.Lu ck co u n t s i n beat i n g di seases.B.C o mp lai n t do es n o go o d t o o n e s h ealt h.C.Po si t i ve at t i t u des get o n e t h ro u gh h ardsh i p.D.Sh ari n g feeli n gsh elp s redu ce su fferi n gs a lo t.CC
20、 o ral reefs（珊瑚礁）are an i n t egral p art o f sea li fe an d su st ai n i t by p ro vi di n gsh elt er an d h abi t at t o vari o u s o rgan i sms.Th ey also su p p ly an d recycle n u t ri en t sas well as en able a gro wi n g fi sh p o p u lat i o n,alo n g wi t h o t h er sp eci es,fo r a h ealt
21、h yan d di verse eco syst em.Ho wever,t h e ri se i n average wat er t emp erat u res du e t o cli mat ech an ge h as resu lt ed i n mo re frequ en t an d lo n gt i me uco ral bleach i n g（白化现象）”even t s t h at damage t h ei r h ealt h,cau si n g fi sh an d o t h er sea sp eci es t o aban do n t h e
22、m.In o rder t o rest o re t h i s deli cat e eco syst em,sci en t i st s fro m t h e UK an dA u st rali a co n du ct ed a st u dy t h at i n vo lved u si n g lo u dsp eakers u n derwat er n ear damagedco ral reefs t o make t h em so u n d h ealt h y an d at t ract fi sh,p o t en t i ally ki ck-st ar
23、t i n gt h e n at u ral reco very p ro cess o f co ral reefs an d t h ei r dep en den t li fe fo rms.Th elo cat i o n fo r t h i s exp eri men t was t h e Great B arri er Reef i n t h e co ral Sea,fo u n dalo n gsi de t h e east co ast o f Qu een slan d,A u st rali a.Th e si t e i s n o t ed t o h a
24、ve t h elargest co ral reef syst em i n t h e wo rld.Healt h y co ral reefs are remarkably n o i sy p laces-t h e crackle o f sn ap p i n gsh ri mp an d t h e wh o o p s an d gru n t s o f fi sh.Yo u n g fi sh co n cen t rat e o n t h ese so u n dswh en t h ey,re lo o ki n g a p lace t o set t le”,s
25、ai d St eve Si mp so n,st u dy co-au t h o r an da p ro fesso r at t h e Un i versi t y Exet er,UK.B y u si n g lo u dsp eakers t o co p y su ch so u n ds,p art s o f dead co ral reefs were fo u n dt o at t ract t wi ce as man y fi sh,co mp ared t o p laces wh ere n o so u n ds were p layed.Th esere
26、t u rn i n g fi sh,are cru ci al fo r co ral reefs t o fu n ct i o n as h ealt h y eco syst ems.B o o st i n g fi sh p o p u lat i o n s i n t h i s way co u ld h elp t o ki ck-st art n at u ral reco veryp ro cesses,p reven t i n g t h e damage we re seei n g o n man y co ral reefs aro u n d t h ewo
27、 rld,“sai d lead au t h o r,Ti m Go rdo n.8.Wh at cau ses t h e p h en o men o n o f co ral bleach i n g?A.D i verse sp eci es B.No i se p o llu t i o n.C.Fi sh i n g i n du st ry D.C li mbi n g t emp erat u res.9.Wh at ap p ro ach i s i n t ro du ced t o reco ver t h e co ral reefs?A.Remo vi n g da
28、maged co ral reefsB.Usi n g lo u dsp eakers t o keep fi sh awayC.B u i ldi n g n ew h o mes fo r sea sp eci es.D.Playi n g cert ai n so u n ds t o ap p eal t o fi sh1 0.Wh y are St eve Si mp so n s wo rds qu o t ed?A.To p ro vi de so me fi n di n gs o f t h e st u dy.B.To sh o w t h e p ro gress o f
29、 t h e exp eri men t.C.To exp lai n reaso n s fo r t h e n ew ap p ro ach.D.To gi ve an o t h er so lu t i o n t o t h e p ro blem.1 1.Wh at can we i n fer fro m t h e last p aragrap h?A.Th e at t emp t s are i n vai n.B.Nat u ral reco very i s i mp o ssi ble.C.In i t i al su ccess h as been ach i e
30、ved.D.Th e co ral reefs h ave ret u rn ed t o n o rmal.DA du lt s p erfo rm bet t er wh en t h ey h ave a lo t t o gai n o r lo se.B u t sci en t i st s di dn o t kn o w wh et h er t een s di d t o o.To fi n d o u t,In sel asked 8 8 p eo p le bet ween t h e ageso f 1 3 an d 2 0.Sh e h ad t h em t ry
31、 a game.Th e p art i ci p an t s lo o ked at p i ct u res o f p lan et so n a co mp u t er screen.Th ey h ad t o cli ck as fast as t h ey co u ld wh en t h ey saw a p lan etwi t h desi gn s.Th ey were n o t su p p o sed t o cli ck i f a p lan et h ad n o desi gn s.Th e p art i ci p an t s co u ld ea
32、rn 2 0 cen t s fo r ri gh t an swers bu t lo se 1 0 cen t s fo rwro n g o n es.In o t h er sessi o n s,t h ey,d get a do llar fo r ri gh t an swers,an d lo se ah alf do llar fo r wro n g o n es.Players o f all ages wan t ed t o wi n t h e mo n ey,an d caredmo re abo u t bi gger rewards t h an smalle
33、r o n es.A s In sel exp ect ed,adu lt s p erfo rmed bet t er wh en t h e st akes were h i gh.B u t t een s1 3 t o 1 8 p layed j u st as well wh et h er t h ey st o o d t o wi n 2 0 cen t s o r a do llar.On ly1 9-o r 2 0-year o lds st ep p ed u p t h ei r game fo r t h e h i gh er st akes.In selJ s t
34、 eam p u bli sh ed t h i s wo rk No vember 2 8,2 0 1 7,i n Nat u re C o mmu n i cat i o n s.B rai n s ch an ge an d mat u re du ri n g ado lescen ce.A n d n o t all p art s gro w at t h e samerat e.In sel was i n t erest ed i n t wo areas i n p art i cu lar.On e i s deep i n si de t h e brai nan d j
35、 u st abo ve t h e ears.C alled t h e ven t ral st ri at u m（腹侧J纹状体），i t h elp s t h e brai ncalcu lat e rewards.Th e ven t ral st ri at u m beco mes mat u re du ri n g t h e t een years.Th e brai n s p refro n t al co rt ex（前额叶）t akes lo n ger t o mat u re.Th i s area i si mp o rt an t fo r p lan n
36、 i n g an d set t i n g go als.It may n o t mat u re u n t i l early adu lt h o o d.Nerve p at h ways-t h i n k o f t h em as t h e brai n,s wi ri n g“一 co n n ect t h e ven t ralst ri at u m an d p refro n t al co rt ex.Th i s let s t h e t wo regi o n s co mmu n i cat e t o makedeci si o n s.B u t
37、 becau se t h e p refro n t al co rt ex mat u res lat er,t h e wi ri n g bet ween t h et wo may n o t be co mp let e u n t i l adu lt h o o d.1 2.Wh i ch o f t h e fo llo wi n g can exp lai n In sel s research?A.Teen s i gn o re key p o i n t s i n man y asp ect s.B.A du lt s beh ave bet t er wi t h
38、 h i gh er rewards.C.Teen s gi ve mo re at t en t i o n t o exams t h an u su al wo rk.D.A du lt s beh ave mo re mat u rely t h an ch i ldren i n every way.1 3.Wh at do es t h e u n derli n ed wo rd“st akes“refer t o?A.Th e fi n al resu lt s o f games o r exp eri men t s.B.Th e t h i n gs t h at can
39、 be gai n ed o r lo st i n races.C.Th e ambi t i o n s o r en ergi es t h at o n e exp eri en ces i n games.D.Th e p o wers t h at make o n e feel less p ressu re o r p ai n.1 4.Fro m t h e p assage,we can kn o w.A.t h e exp eri men t ai ms t o fi n d o u t adu lt s beh avi o u r faci n g h i gh st
40、akesB.t een s h ave bet t er p erfo rman ces i n t h e fi rst ro u n dsC.adu lt s care less abo u t t h e exp eri men t at fi rstD.adu lt s an d t een s sh o w di fferen t ly wi t h h i gh st akes1 5.Wh i ch i s t h e best t i t le o f t h e p assage?A.Un li ke adu lt s,t een s do n t p erfo rm bet
41、t er wi t h h i gh st akesB.Wh o p erfo rm bet t er,adu lt s o r ch i ldren?C.St akes are t h e key p o i n t s i n p ro mo t i n g o n e s p assi o nD.Wh et h er lo w st akes o r h i gh st akes,o n e beh aves si mi larly第 二 节（共 5小题；每小题2分，满 分 1 0 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Two su mme
42、rs ago,I h ad deci ded t o begi n a wei gh t lo ss j o u rn ey bu t h ad n o i deawh ere t o st art.Two years lat er,I h ave yet agai n deci ded t o st art bei n g h ealt h yan d I n eed so me kn o wledge o n wh at t o do.No w,I wan t t o sh are i t wi t h all o f yo u.Th e mo st i mp o rt an t t h
43、i n g t h at I h ave co me t o reali z e i s t h at yo u h ave t o seet h i s as a li fest yle ch an ge,n o t j u st a di et t h at can en d o r fai l.1 6 Yo uwi ll also feel less p ressu re i f yo u eat a bu rger o n ce i n a wh i le si n ce yo u t h i n kyo u h avenJ t fai led a di et an d t h at
44、yo u can always go t wi ce as h ard t h e n ext day.1 7 C alo ri es i n versu s calo ri es o u t （热量输入对热量输出）i f yo u p u t i ti n si mp le t erms.If yo u wan t t o lo se wei gh t,yo u mu st be eat i n g i n a way t h at yo u rn et gai n o f calo ri es at t h e en d o f t h e day i s n egat i ve.1 8
45、It i s bet t er t o eat h ealt h y fo o d wi t h mo re calo ri es t h an a lo w-calp ack o f ch i p s.C alo ri e co u n t i n g can also beco me a bi t u n h ealt h y i f n o t well co n t ro lled,So I reco mmen d j u st eat i n g well an d co n t ro lli n g t h e amo u n t s o f fo o d i n st ead.E
46、xerci se i s also vi t al t o a h ealt h i er li fe.A lt h o u gh cardi o （有氧运动）i s kn o wnfo r i t s qu i ck resu lt,wei gh t s are also essen t i al.Th e mo re mu scle yo u h ave,t h e mo recalo ri es yo u bu rn.Th erefo re,p eo p le wi t h mo re mu scle mass are able t o bu rn wh att h ey eat qu
47、i cker resu lt i n g i n a great er calo ri e redu ct i o n.1 9 .Everyo n e h as a di fferen t bo dy an d wh at I eat may act u ally be bad fo r yo u r wei gh tlo ss.2 0 It may t ake t i me t o fi n d wh at yo u r bo dy can h an dle an d n eeds,bu tdo n o t qu i t.Go o d lu ck an d h ap p y eat i n
48、g.A.Ho wever,calo ri es are n o t everyt h i n g.B.Mo reo ver,wei gh t lo ss i s essen t i ally j u st mat h.C.D i et s can h elp yo u lo se so me wei gh t t emp o rari ly.D.It i s also j u st ben efi ci al i n li fe t o be p h ysi cally st ro n g!E.If yo u do n t,i t i s li kely t h at t h e wei gh
49、 t wi ll co me back o n.F.So my t i p h ere i s t o eat wh at makes yo u p erso n ally feel go o d.G.Th erefo re,i t i s very i mp o rt an t t o calcu lat e an d co n t ro l calo ri es accu rat ely第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分4 5分）第 一 节（共2 0小题；每小题L 5分，满 分3 0分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I was t
50、 aki n g a n ap（小睡）wh en a lo u d n o i se wo ke me.Ou t si de t h e wi n do w i na p arki n g lo t,a car h ad j u st 2 1 i n t o a ch ai n-li n k fen ce.Th e fen ce ben to u t i n exact ly t h e 2 2 o f t h e car s back en d.A sh o rt man weari n g a sh i rt u n bu t t o n ed t o 2 3 h i s ch est g