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1、1.细节理解题 2.推理判断题 3.主旨大意题 4.词义猜测题 5.文章结构题 五类题型 分类突破专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步A(2017 福建南平一模)Wandering around the airport terminal(航 站 楼)，after learning my flight had been delayed four hours，I heard an announcement，“If anyone near Gate A-4 understands any Arabic，please come to the gate immediately.”I went there
2、and saw an old woman in full traditional Palestinian dress crying on the floor.A young man from the airport staff asked me to talk to her to find out what was her problem.He said she started to cry when hearing the announcement about the flight.题型突破(五)推理判断之细节推断题I knelt down，put my arms around her an
3、d asked her what was wrong.My Arabic wasn t good enough but I managed to get my meaning across.She soon stopped crying and told me she had thought the flight had been canceled.She needed to be in El Paso for an important medical treatment the next day.I said，“You ll be fine.You ll get there but only
4、 a few hours late.Who is going to pick you up？Let s call him.”We called her son.I spoke to him in English.I told him I would stay with his mother till we boarded the plane.Later，I called my dad whose Arabic was better and asked him to talk to her.She looked much more relaxed while talking on the pho
5、ne.Later she took out a sack of homemade cookies stuffed with dates and nuts and offered them to all the women at the gate：the traveler from Argentina，the mom from California，the lovely woman from Laredo.Everybody smiled and accepted her cookies to eat.And my new best friend and I were holding hands
6、，while the others around us were talking with each other with different accents.I almost wanted to hug all those other women too.I looked around that gate and thought to myself，“This is surely the world people want to live in.”语 篇 解 读 本 文 是 一 篇 记 叙 文，叙 述 的 是 在 飞 机 场 一 位 老 妇 人 误 解 了 飞 机通告而痛哭，后来在作者的帮助
7、下高兴起来的故事。语篇解读1.Why did the old lady cry at the airport terminal gate?A.The plane was canceled.B.Her medical treatment was canceled.C.She didn t know which flight to take.D.She misunderstood the announcement.答案 解析2 3 1解 析 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 二 段 第 三 句“She soon stopped crying and told me she had thought t
8、he flight had been canceled.”可 知，她 误 解 了通告。故选D。2.It can be inferred that_.A.the author was PalestinianB.most passengers were from AmericaC.the author s first language was EnglishD.the old lady had never travelled abroad答案 解析2 3 1解 析 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 二 段 中 的“My Arabic wasn t good enough but I managed
9、to get my meaning across.”及“We called her son.I spoke to him in English.”可知，作者的第一语言是英语。故选C。3.According to the passage，we learn that the author was_.A.talkative and activeB.warm-hearted and helpfulC.creative and intelligentD.enthusiastic but aggressive答案 解析解 析 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 二 段 中 的“I knelt down，put
10、 my arms around her and asked her what was wrong.My Arabic wasn t good enough but I managed to get my meaning across.”及“We called her son.I spoke to him in English.I told him I would stay with his mother till we boarded the plane.”可知，作者热心肠，乐于助人。故选B。2 3 1B(2017 四川成都七中二模)Have You Ever Wondered?1.Why d
11、o airplanes take longer to fly west than east？It can take five hours to go west-east from New York(NY)to London but seven hours to travel east-west from London to NY.The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷 射)stream.The jet stream is a very high altitude wind whi
12、ch always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic.The planes moving at a constant air speed thus go faster in the west-east direction when they are moving with the wind than in the opposite direction.2.What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off？Supposing we could m
13、agically turn off gravity.Would buildings and other structures(建 筑 物)float away？What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth.The Earth is moving at quite a speed，moving at over a thousand miles per hour.If you turn something around your head on a string(细 绳)，it go
14、es around in a circle until you let go of the string.Then it flies off in a straight line.“Switching off”gravity would be like letting go of the string.Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.People in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit t
15、he ceiling.Most things outside would fly off into space.语篇解读本篇是说明文，介绍了飞机从东往西飞行花的时间久的原因和地球引力消失将会发生的变化。语篇解读4.What information can we get from the first passage?A.It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.B.Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.C.It takes more time to fly f
16、rom NY to London than from London to NY.D.The jet stream always blows from the east to the west across the Atlantic.答案 解析5 6 4 7解 析 细 节 理 解 题。从 第 一 段 第 二 句“The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷 射)stream.”可 知，大 西 洋上 空 特 定 的 气 流 状 况 是 影 响 飞 机 速 度 的 重 要 因 素。A 项 与
17、 之 相 符。其 余 三项论述与文章内容不符。5.The underlined word“shoot”in the 2nd paragraph probably means“_”.A.send for B.move quicklyC.come out D.grow quickly解 析 词 义 猜 测 题。根 据 下 文 内 容 及 科 学 常 识 我 们 知 道 若 没 有 地 球 引 力，建 筑 物 内 的 人 将 可 能 快 速 地 飞 向 某 一 方 向。send for 派 人 去 请；come out发芽，出版；grow quickly 快速成长/生长。A、C、D 三项含义不对。答
18、案 解析5 6 4 76.It can be inferred that without gravity_.A.buildings and other structures would float awayB.trees and buildings would not so easily fly offC.something around your head would not float awayD.everything outside buildings would fly off into space答案 解析解 析 推 理 判 断 题。由 第 二 段 中 的“Things not at
19、tached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.”以 及 后 文 中 的 例 子 可 知 选B 项。文 章 中 说的 是 不 固 定 在 地 球 上 的 东 西 在 失 去 地 球 引 力 时 会 四 处 乱 飞，其 余 三 项 中的例子都有所偏颇。5 6 4 77.Where can we most probably read this text?A.In a research paper.B.In a short story.C.In a travel magazine.D.In a student s book.答案 解析5 6
20、4 7解 析 文 章 出 处 题。文 章 论 述 的 是 较 为 浅 显 的 科 学 问 题，所 以 不 可 能是 出 自 科 学 论 文，也 不 可 能 出 自 旅 游 杂 志。又 因 为 作 者 是 从 科 学 道 理和 事 实 方 面 进 行 阐 述 的，所 以 不 是 出 自 故 事 类 刊 物，只 能 是 选 于 学 生用的教材。CThe days of having to carry a phone charger everywhere could soon be over.Michigan researchers have revealed a major breakthroug
21、h in harvesting energy from human motion.They say it could lead to smartphones powered for a week by the motion of a swipe(重击).Michigan State University s low-cost device，known as a nanogenerator，has already been tested.Scientists successfully operated an LCD touch screen，a bank of 20 LED lights and
22、 a flexible keyboard，all with a simple touching or pressing motion and without the aid of a battery.The groundbreaking findings，published in the journal Nano Energy，suggest“we re on the path toward wearable devices powered by human motion，”said Nelson Sepulveda，associate professor of electrical and
23、computer engineering and lead researcher of the project.“What I foresee，relatively soon，is the capability of not having to charge your cell phone for an entire week，for example，because that energy will be produced by your movement，”said Sepulveda，whose research is funded by the National Science Foun
24、dation.Electrical energy is created when the device is compressed by human motion.The completed device is as thin as a sheet of paper.The device used to power the LED lights was palm-sized，while the device used to power the touch screen was as small as a finger.Advantages such as being lightweight，f
25、lexible and low-cost could make it a promising and alternative method in the field of mechanical-energy harvesting.The device also becomes more powerful when folded.Sepulveda said，“You can start with a large device，but when you fold it once，and again，and again，it s much smaller and has more energy.N
26、ow it may be small enough to put in a specially made heel of your shoe so it creates power each time your heel strikes the ground.”Sepulveda and his team are also developing technology that would transmit the power generated by the heel strike to，say，a wireless headset.语 篇 解 读 密 歇 根 的 研 究 人 员 取 得 了
27、一 项 重 大 突 破，可 以 从 人 体 运 动 中 收集能量。语篇解读8.Who is Nelson Sepulveda?A.The major researcher in the project.B.A professor of engineering.C.The fund supplier of the research.D.A journalist writing for Nano Energy.答案 解析9 10 8 11解 析 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 二 段 最 后 一 句 中 的“.said Nelson Sepulveda，associate professor of
28、 electrical and computer engineering and lead researcher of the project.”可 知，Nelson Sepulveda 是 项 目 的 主 要研究者。故选A。9.The underlined word“device”in the 2nd paragraph is closest in meaning to“_”.A.keyboard B.smartphoneC.screen D.machine答案 解析解 析 词 义 猜 测 题。根 据 画 线 词 后 的“.known as a nanogenerator，has alrea
29、dy been tested.”即 纳 米 发 电 器，已 通 过 测 试。可 知 画 线 词 的 意思应该是“机器”，故选D。9 10 8 1110.From the passage we know that the nanogenerator _.A.becomes more powerful when kept flatB.has already come into market in the USAC.is lightweight and flexible though expensiveD.makes it possible to produce power by walking解
30、析 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 三 段 中 的“that energy will be produced by your movement”可知，这使通过步行来生产电能变得可能。故选D。答案 解析9 10 8 1111.The purpose of the passage is to_.A.persuade people to buy the deviceB.bring in a new way to save energyC.introduce a breakthrough in scienceD.honor Nelson Sepulveda for his contributions答
31、案 解析9 10 8 11解 析 写 作 意 图 题。根 据 第 一 段 中 的“Michigan researchers have revealed a major breakthrough in harvesting energy from human motion.”及 全 文 对 此 的 介 绍 可 知，本 文 在 介 绍 科 学 上 的 一 项 重 大 突 破。故选C。D(2017 广东深圳一模)Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city s smoggy air，especially
32、when it reaches critical pollution levels，but one local entrepreneur decided that canning and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir would be a great idea.Believe it or not，he was right.After seeing a number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France
33、，Canada or Australia and selling it in China，Dominic Johnson-Hill，a British-born citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop，decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad.“I d seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and A
34、ustralia，so I thought it was time to push business the other way，”the entrepreneur said.“They re perfect gifts!What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing?A roast duck?A Plastered T-shirt?These cans are light，portable；you can just imagine someone s face when they unwrap it for
35、 Christmas.”The few mouth-fulls of Beijing air come in standard tin cans featuring a couple of iconic city landmarks as well as a snarky description of the contents：“a unique blend of nitrogen(氮 气)，oxygen and some other stuff”.The tongue-in-cheek souvenirs cost 28 RMB(US 4)and are available at the P
36、lastered 8 shop，as well as on its online shop.But if you re actually considering buying some，you d better ask the shop in advance，as they are virtually flying off the shelves.Johnson-Hill told Ruptly that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day.Personally，the well-sold can probabl
37、y is an awakening for the public to be concerned about the living conditions.Yet one thing that s not particularly clear is if the air is really collected from Beijing，as the cans are labeled as“Made in Shenzhen”.There s a big chance that s just Plastered 8 humor，as they also list“Choking Hazard”and
38、“May have come into contact with nuts”as warnings.Anyway，it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment.语篇解读北京空气污染严重已不是新闻，但最近有人把北京空气罐装出售，却非常畅销。语篇解读12.What are many people in Beijing likely to do with the smoggy air?A.Try to get used to it.B.Can it as a souvenir.
39、C.Sell it all over the world.D.Try their best to avoid it.答案 解析13 14 12解 析 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 一 段 中 的“Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city s smoggy air，especially when it reaches critical pollution levels.”可知北京人避犹不及。故选D。1513.How may one feel when receiving canned Beiji
40、ng air for Christmas?A.Satisfied.B.Surprised.C.Frightened.D.Refreshed.答案 解析解 析 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 三 段 最 后 一 句“These cans are light，portable；you can just imagine someone s face when they unwrap it for Christmas.”可 知 你 可 以 想 象 别 人 收 到 你 的 礼 物 时 的 表 情，肯 定 是 很 惊讶。故选B。13 14 12 1514.Which of the following ca
41、n replace the underlined word“stuff”in Paragraph 4?A.Liquids.B.Objects.C.Minerals.D.Risks.答案 解析解 析 词 义 猜 测 题。对 罐 中 所 含 物 的 描 述：氮 气、氧 气 以 及 其 他 的物质。空气里肯定含有很多的物质。故选B。13 14 12 1515.What can we infer from the passage?A.There are unidentified objects in the canned Beijing air.B.The Plastered 8 souvenir s
42、hop is famous for its humour.C.The writer may expect us to care more about the environment.D.Dominic Johnson-Hill is a British man who lives in Beijing.答案 解析解 析 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 最 后 一 句“.it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment.”可 知 作者希望此举能引起公众的注意去保护环境。故选C。13 14 12 15本课结束