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1、五类题型 分类突破1.细节理解题 2.推理判断题 3.主旨大意题 4.词义猜测题 5.文章结构题 专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步A(2017山东临沂一模山东临沂一模)Drive through any suburb in the U.S.today，and its hard to miss the bins that have become companions to Americas trash cans.Recycling has become commonplace，as people recognize the need to care for the environment.Ye
2、t most peoples recycling consciousness extends only as far as paper，bottles，and cans.People seldom find themselves facing the growing problem of e-waste.题型突破(八)推理判断之观点态度题E-waste rapidly increases as the techno-fashionable frequently upgrade to the most advanced devices，and the majority of them end u
3、p in landfills(垃垃圾圾填填埋埋地地).Some people who track such waste say that users throw away nearly 2 million tons of TVs，VCRs，computers，cell phones，and other electronics every year.Unless we can find a safe replacement，this e-waste may get into the ground and poison the water with dangerous toxins(毒毒素素)，s
4、uch as lead，mercury，and arsenic.Burning the waste also dangerously contaminates the air.However，e-waste often contains reusable silver，gold，and other electrical materials.Recycling these materials reduces environmental problems by reducing both landfill waste and the need to look for such metals，whi
5、ch can destroy ecosystems.A growing number of states have adopted laws to ban dumping(倾倾倒倒)e-waste.Still，less than a quarter of this refuse will reach lawful recycling programs.Some companies advertising safe disposal(处处置置)in fact merely ship the waste to some developing countries，where it still end
6、s up in landfills.These organizations prevent progress by unsafely disposing of waste in an out-of-sight，out-of-mind location.However，the small but growing number of cities and corporations that do handle e-waste responsibly represents progress toward making the world a cleaner，better place for us a
7、ll.语语篇篇解解读读回回收收普普通通垃垃圾圾已已经经成成为为我我们们的的习习惯惯，但但是是意意识识到到电电子子垃垃圾圾的的存在并能合理回收，是现代回收垃圾的重点。存在并能合理回收，是现代回收垃圾的重点。语篇解读1.What can we infer from the first paragraph?A.Many Americans now have access to recycling bins.B.E-waste cannot be put into trash cans in the U.S.C.Most Americans have realized the dangers of e
8、-waste.D.Most of Americas trash cans are made of recycled material.答案解析231解解析析 推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第一一段段第第二二句句“Recycling has become commonplace，as people recognize the need to care for the environment.”可可知知，回回收收已已经经平平常常化化，因因为为人人们们已已经经意意识识到到关关注注环环境境的的需需要要。可可推推断断出选项出选项A正确，很多美国人已经会用回收箱。故选正确，很多美国人已经会用回收箱。故选
9、A。42.Which word can best replace the underlined word“contaminates”in Paragraph 2?A.Pollutes.B.Heats.C.Absorbs.D.Reduces.答案解析2314解解析析词词义义猜猜测测题题。pollute污污染染；heat加加热热；absorb吸吸收收；reduce减减少少。根根据据上上面面的的句句子子可可知知，这这些些电电子子垃垃圾圾会会进进入入土土地地，污污染染到到水水源源，故故这这里里的句意为：燃烧污染物也会污染空气。根据句意，故选的句意为：燃烧污染物也会污染空气。根据句意，故选A。3.How
10、 does the author feel about burying e-waste in landfills?A.Its important.B.Its unsafe.C.Its acceptable.D.Its uncommon.答案解析解解析析 观观点点态态度度题题。根根据据第第二二段段内内容容和和第第四四段段最最后后一一句句“These organizations prevent progress by unsafely disposing of waste in an out-of-sight，out-of-mind location.”可可知知，把把电电子子垃垃圾圾掩掩埋埋在在垃
11、垃圾圾处处理理厂是不安全的。故选厂是不安全的。故选B。23144.Whats the authors purpose in writing this text?A.To tell us how to recycle e-waste.B.To talk about the future of e-waste.C.To discuss if its necessary to recycle e-waste.D.To encourage us to deal with e-waste properly.答案解析解解析析写写作作意意图图题题。通通读读全全文文可可知知，文文章章介介绍绍了了回回收收普普通
12、通垃垃圾圾已已经经成成为为我我们们的的习习惯惯，但但是是意意识识到到电电子子垃垃圾圾的的存存在在并并能能合合理理回回收收，是是现现代代回回收收垃垃圾的重点。故本文的写作目的是鼓励我们合理地处理电子垃圾。故选圾的重点。故本文的写作目的是鼓励我们合理地处理电子垃圾。故选D。2314B(2017浙江吴越联盟二模浙江吴越联盟二模)Bionic Yarn is making a splash on the fashion scene.The New York City-based company turns used old plastic bottles，some of which were reco
13、vered from ocean shorelines，into yarns(纱纱线线)and fabrics for clothing.The company，whose creative director is recording artist Pharrell Williams，has partnered with several different clothing brands，including G-Star and ONellsince its founding in 2009 to incorporate its yarn into a variety of products，
14、from denim jeans to snowboarding jackets.“In the past three years，Bionic Yarn has transformed about 7 million plastic bottles pulled from shorelines，”company co-founder Tim Coombs told The Huffington Post in an email.Because plastic bottles are made up of the same polymer(聚聚合合物物)as polyester(聚聚酯酯)，B
15、ionic Yarn is able to break them down and remake them into“recycled”polyester.The yarn made from this substance can be used in place of virgin polyester，or new polyester made directly from crude oil.“It was a way to not kill plastic off but at least slow down the production of it and slow down the p
16、roduction of new polyester when we can just recycle the plastic from bottles，”Williams explained in a CNN interview.There are over 165 million tons of plastics in our oceans today.Without new reforms，there could be more plastics by weight in our oceans than fish by 2050，according to a report release
17、d by the World Economic Forum and Ellen MacArthur Foundation earlier this year.A horrifying 8.8 million tons of plastic ends up in the oceans every yearthats about the same as a garbage trucks worth of plastic getting dumped into our waters every second，from the same report.语语篇篇解解读读本本文文是是一一篇篇科科普普文文章
18、章。文文章章介介绍绍了了Bionic Yarn公公司司利利用用海海洋中回收的废旧瓶子生产衣服，保护地球的做法。洋中回收的废旧瓶子生产衣服，保护地球的做法。语篇解读5.Why plastic bottles can be turned into yarns?A.They both can be broken down.B.They both benefit the environment.C.They both consist of polymer.D.They both contain crude oil.答案解析6758解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第三三段段中中的的“Becaus
19、e plastic bottles are made up of the same polymer(聚聚合合物物)as polyester(聚聚酯酯)”可可知知，此此项项目目可可以以实现是因为两者都是由同一聚合物组成的。实现是因为两者都是由同一聚合物组成的。6.What is the writers attitude towards the transforming plastic bottles?A.Doubtful.B.Favorable.C.Unconcerned.D.Negative.解解析析观观点点态态度度题题。根根据据作作者者对对此此项项目目的的描描述述以以及及举举例例，可可以以看
20、看出出作作者者对这一项目是持支持的态度，所以选对这一项目是持支持的态度，所以选B。答案解析67587.What is the main purpose of using plastic bottles to make clothing?A.To make clothes fashionable.B.To cut down the budget.C.To recycle yarns and fabrics.D.To save the ocean and the earth.答案解析解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据文文章章后后三三段段可可知知，这这种种做做法法可可以以保保护护海海洋洋和和地球
21、。地球。67588.What are the last two paragraphs mainly talking about?A.The ocean is being polluted by the plastic bottles.B.There will be more plastics than fish in the ocean.C.Tons of plastics get dumped into waters every year.D.The World Economic Forum calls for new reforms.答案解析6758解析解析推理判断题。根据最后两段所列举的
22、信息可以知道，现在有很多推理判断题。根据最后两段所列举的信息可以知道，现在有很多废弃塑料被扔进大海，导致污染。所以选废弃塑料被扔进大海，导致污染。所以选A。C(2017贵州遵义航天高级中学模拟贵州遵义航天高级中学模拟)A Mothers LoveIm a New York City firefighter.Every day，I see terrorsometimes even death.But the day I found Scarlett was different.That day I saw life.And love.We were responding to a call ab
23、out a burning garage.Outside，I heard the sound of cats crying.I couldnt stopI would have to look for the cats after the fire was put out.It took a long time to finally bring the big fire under control，but we did it.No one inside was hurt.At that point I was free to investigate the cat noises.There w
24、as still a lot of smoke and heat coming from the building.I followed the meowing(猫猫叫叫)to a spot on the sidewalk near the front of the garage.There，crying and huddled(挤挤作作一一团团)together，were five terrified kittens.They must have been inside the building，as their fur was badly singed(烫烧烫烧).I left the f
25、ive kittens in a box on a neighbors porch(门廊门廊).I wanted to find the mother.It was obvious that she had gone into the burning garage and carried out all of her babies，one by oneunbelievable.We finally found her.She was badly burnt：her eyes were blistered(起起水水泡泡)，her paws(爪爪子子)were blackened，and her
26、fur was singed all over.You could even see her reddened skin beneath the burnt fur.She could barely move.I picked her up，and she relaxed in my arms as much as her pain would allow.Sensing her trust，I shed a tear.I was determined to save this brave little cat and her family.The vet told me they would
27、 observe the kittens and their mother overnight，but they werent optimistic about the mothers changes.About a week later，I found out she was going to live.One of the technicians suggested we name her Scarlett，because of her reddened skin.Knowing what Scarlett endured(忍忍受受)for her kittens，it melted my
28、 heart to see her reunited with them.She touched each of them again，nose to nose，to make sure they were all safe.She had risked her life five separate timesand it had paid off.All of her babies had survived.As a firefighter，I see heroism(英英雄雄事事迹迹)every day.But what Scarlett showed me that day was th
29、e kind of bravery that can only come from a mothers love.语语篇篇解解读读作作为为纽纽约约市市的的一一名名消消防防员员，作作者者每每天天都都会会看看到到恐恐慌慌的的情情况况甚甚至至是是死死亡亡，但但是是那那天天从从猫猫妈妈妈妈Scarlett冒冒着着生生命命危危险险在在大大火火中中救救出出自自己己的的5只只猫宝宝的事，作者看到的却是母爱和勇气。猫宝宝的事，作者看到的却是母爱和勇气。语篇解读9.Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?A.The author went
30、to rescue the cats as soon as he heard them crying.B.The firefighters put out the big fire quickly and no one was hurt.C.The mother cat moved all of her five babies to a safer place despite the fire.D.The author didnt find the cats until the smoke and heat were gone.答案解析10119解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第六六段
31、段第第二二句句“It was obvious that she had gone into the burning garage and carried out all of her babies，one by oneunbelievable.”可知猫妈妈从火中救出了她的可知猫妈妈从火中救出了她的5只猫宝宝。故选只猫宝宝。故选C。10.Why was the author determined to save the cats?A.He refused to watch someone else die in his work.B.He was impressed by the mothers
32、 strong love and courage.C.The cats story had made many people concerned.D.It had taken much time and effort for him to save them.答案解析解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第六六、七七段段的的描描述述可可知知，作作者者被被猫猫妈妈妈妈对对子子女女强烈的母爱和勇气深深打动，决定一定要救她。故选强烈的母爱和勇气深深打动，决定一定要救她。故选B。1011911.Which best describes the authors tone in the article?
33、A.Objective.B.Admiring.C.Excited.D.Optimistic.解解析析观观点点态态度度题题。纵纵观观全全文文，尤尤其其是是最最后后一一段段的的描描述述，由由于于被被这这只只猫的母爱和勇气深深打动可推知，作者在文章中用的是赞赏的口吻。猫的母爱和勇气深深打动可推知，作者在文章中用的是赞赏的口吻。答案解析10119D(2017江西新余四中模拟江西新余四中模拟)If a woman has an extra piece of cake，dont blame it on greed，blame it on her brain.Scientists have found th
34、at womens brains react to food very differentlyand much more stronglythan mens.Academics found that decades of dieting pressure on women and advertising have programmed certain parts of the female brain to react strongly when faced with any kind of food.Men，on the other hand，are not usually as obses
35、sive about what they eat.Dr Rudolf Uher and his colleagues at the Institute of Psychiatry in Kings College London used brain scanning technology，known as functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)，to look at the brains of eighteen men and women.The volunteers were given images of food to look at，as
36、 well as food to taste.Their brain reactions were observed by the scientists.They found that the female brains reacted much more strongly than those of males.The same reaction did not happen when they were shown non-food images.The team believe this means women think more about food than men tend to
37、.Dr Uher said，“This could be related to biological differences between men and women.But the more likely explanation is that women have a more complicated reaction to food because of social pressure.”Professor Carey Cooper，psychology and health professor at Lancaster University，said，“For centuries w
38、omen have had a providing rolepreparing and cooking food for their families.And its part of that role to make sure the food is safe.They will therefore be much more sensitive to food than men are，and I would not be surprised if that was now built into their DNA.If the female brain reacts to food bec
39、ause it historically has developed neural(神神经经的的)pathways to do this，then food will be the way they express their stress.Food actually，is a comfort for women.”But other experts have said that more research must be done before the results can be proved.American scientist Angelo del Parigi of the John
40、 B.Pierce Laboratory in New Haven，Connecticut，said，“Looking at an fMRI alone cannot make sure whether the stronger reaction in women is due to innate(天生的天生的)differences or a learned process.”语语篇篇解解读读如如果果一一个个女女人人有有一一块块额额外外的的蛋蛋糕糕，不不要要把把它它归归咎咎于于贪贪婪婪，应应归归咎咎于于大大脑脑。科科学学家家们们发发现现女女性性的的大大脑脑和和男男性性的的大大脑脑对对食食物物
41、的的反反应应非非常常不同，女性的反应比男性更强烈。不同，女性的反应比男性更强烈。语篇解读12.Dr Uher and his colleagues carried out the research by comparing .A.volunteers reactions to food before and after mealsB.fMRIs scanning result of scientistsC.womens and mens brain reactions to pictures of foodD.volunteers imagination on the taste of foo
42、d答案解析131412解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第三三段段第第二二、三三句句“The volunteers were given images of food to look at，as well as food to taste.Their brain reactions were observed by the scientists.”可可知知，Uher博博士士比比较较了了男男性性和和女女性性在在面面对不同食物的图片时大脑的反应是否一样。故选对不同食物的图片时大脑的反应是否一样。故选C。1513.In Dr Uhers opinion，women react more str
43、ongly to food than men most probably because they are .A.born to do so due to biological reasonsB.influenced by advertisementsC.told to do so for a long timeD.forced by powerful social influences答案解析解解析析 细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据倒倒数数第第三三段段第第二二句句“But the more likely explanation is that women have a more compli
44、cated reaction to food because of social pressure.”可知选可知选D。1314121514.According to Professor Carey Cooper，women .A.are satisfied with preparing food for their familiesB.turn to food when they feel sadC.accept their social role from the heartD.are stressed because of food safety答案解析解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据
45、据倒倒数数第第二二段段最最后后两两句句中中的的“.food will be the way they express their stress.Food actually，is a comfort for women.”可可知知，食食物物可可以以带带给给女女性性安安慰慰，因因此此女女性性伤伤心心难难过过的的时时候候会会吃东西。故选吃东西。故选B。1314121515.What was Angelo del Parigis attitude towards the research results?A.Curious.B.Surprised.C.Uninterested.D.Doubtful.答案解析解解析析观观点点态态度度题题。根根据据最最后后一一段段中中的的“Looking at an fMRI alone cannot make sure whether the stronger reaction in women is due to innate(天天生生的的)differences or a learned process.”可可以以看看出出，Angelo del Parigi对研究结果持怀疑的态度。故选对研究结果持怀疑的态度。故选D。13141215本课结束