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1、2023年初中英语语法之不定代词相关考点难点学习不定代词的分类不定代词可以分成两类：1）以thing, body, one结尾的合成代词，包括：somebody, anybody, everybody, nobodysomeone, anyone, everyone, no onesomething, anything, everything, nothing2）兼作代词和限定词的词：many, much, few, littlesome, anyother, anotherboth, neither, eitherall, each, none, one合成不定代词1) somebody,
2、someonesomebody和someone意思相同，都表示“某人。somebody, someone只用于肯定句，在否定及疑问句中通常用anybody,anyone.Somebody called you just now.刚刚有人打电话给你。Someone left me a note on the desk. 有人给我 留了个纸条。I saw somebody walking towards me. 我看至U有人向我走来。The old lady needs someone to look after her.那位老妇人需要 人照顾。性是无可置疑的。We have every reas
3、on to think he may still be alive. 我们 有充分理由认为他可能还活着。（这里reason为可数名词）Their demands are beyond all reason.他们的要求不合理。（这 里reason为不可数名词）2) anybody, anyoneanybody和anyone意思相同，都表示“任何人，随便某一个人”。 Anybody who has questions please come to me. 谁有疑问者R 可以来找我。Anyone who breaks the rules will be punished. 任何人违反规矩 都会受到惩
4、罚。I dont want to wake anyone up when I come home late at night. 我晚归的时候不想吵醒任何人I dont know anybody in the party. 晚会上的人我一个都不认识。3) everybody, everyoneeverybody和everyone意思相同，表示“人人，大家”。Everybody, stand up. 大家都站起来。Everyone laughed at the poor boy.人人都嘲笑那个可怜的男孩。 The police questioned everyone in the room tha
5、t night. 当晚 警察盘问了屋子里的所有人。We need everybody here today. 今天我们要所有人都至U场。4) something, anythingsomething表示“某事物”，用在肯定句；在否定或疑问句中用 “anything”，表示“任何事物”。Something strange may happen before earthquake. 地震前可能会 发生奇怪的事情。Is there anything wrong with me? Why do you look at me in that way?我有什么不妥的地方吗？你怎么这样看着我？There i
6、s something wrong with my computer. I need to have it repaired.电脑出了点问题，我要拿它去修理。We can not decide anything at this moment. 这 刻我们不能做 任何决定。5) everything, nothingeverything表示“一切；nothing用于否定句，表示“没有什么”。Dont worry. Everything is fine.别担心，这里一切都好。Nothing special happened in that Valentine1 s Day. T青人节为口天 没发生
7、什么特别的事情。Money is not everything. 金钱不是一切。I see nothing in the safe.在保险箱中我什么都看不见。6) nobody, no onenobody和no one意思相同，表示“没有人。在句子中常作主语 或宾语。Nobody care about me. I feel so down.没有人关心我，我很 沮丧。No one will take pity on the wicked murderer. 没有人会同T青刃B 个十恶不赦的杀人犯。I want nobody but you.我只需要你。Apart from them, I had
8、 no one to talk to. 除了 他们，我没有可 以说话的人了。*nobody的特殊用法：还可以表示“无足轻重、无关紧要的人”： He wants to be famoushe is tired of being nobody. 他想 要出名，他不想再当无名小卒了。He was just a nobody before he saved the president s life. 在 他救了总统一命前他不过是个无名小卒。all的词组单词all有不少习惯搭配，而且这些词组在阅读时出现频率很高。 下面列举一些all的常见词组。all在下面这些词组中都是作为限定 词。我们将在另一章中列举
9、all作为代词时的词组。all day/night/yesterday/year 整天/晚/个昨天/年He moped in the house all day.他整天闷闷不乐地呆在屋里。They will be here all year.他们全年都将呆在这里。(注意这里的day, night, year等词都用单数，不用复数。)all (the/this) morning/afternoon/evening 整个/上午/下午 /晚上I have been interviewing all this afternoon. 今天整个下午我 都在进行面试.They shopped all mor
10、ning for musical instruments, 他们整个 上午都在买乐器。She had not once spoken to him all the evening. 整整一晚上， 她都没有跟他说过话。all day/night/summer/winter long 整天/晚整个/夏天/冬 天Grandad hunted all winter long but could not clear up the debt.爷爷打了 一冬天的猎，但仍没无法还清债务。We had a heart-to-heart talk all night long.我俩倾谈了 一夜。all the w
11、hile 一直，始终All the while Jo watched her in silence.乔一直闷声不响地看 着她。The target1 s getting lower all the while. 指标一直在下降。all the way 一路上；自始至终，从头到尾Barbara had been silent all the way, but she said so too. 巴 巴拉一路上沉默着，但是她也说了这样的话。Im with you all the way!我始终和你的意见一致！all the time 一直，始终As the hall was very hot, sh
12、e kept fanning herself all the time. 因为大厅里很热，她扇个不停。One cant work all the time,你不能总是工作。all one, s life 一生，一辈子I will devote all my life to the cause of education. 我愿 把毕生献给教育事业。All his life he strove for the good of the people. 他一辈子 都为人民的利益而奋斗。all these/those days/years 这些/那些天/年来In all those years it h
13、ad never once been opened； 那些年来， 屋门从来没有打开过一次；I ve wanted to speak to you so badly all these days. 这些 天我一直很想和你谈谈。all this/that 这一切，所有这些All this is quite an experience for me.这一切对我来说真是长 见识了。He has told me all that before.这一切他以前已经告诉过我。单词all有很多习语，而且这些词组不少在文章中使用的频率很 高。上一篇文章已列举了一些all作为限定词时的常见短语。这一 篇文章将列举一
14、些all作代词的常见词组。above all尤其（是）；最重要的是Children need many things, but above all they need love. 小 孩需要许多东西，但最重要的是需要爱。Above all, we need to collect enough materials. 最重要的是， 我们必须收集足够的资料。after all毕竟，终究，归根结底；别忘了，到底Dont blame on him, after all, he is just a green hand. 不 要责备他，他毕竟只是个新手。He should have paid. He su
15、ggested it, after all.他本来该付 款的。别忘了是他提出的。all in all总的说来，从各方面考虑I didnt like the soup, but all in all, it was pretty tasty. 我不喜欢那个汤，但是总的说来，晚餐挺好吃的。All in all, our team has made a big progress in our project this year.总的说来，我们组今年已经取得了项目的大进展。not at all根本不，完全不，一点也不；（客气话）没什么, 别客气They are not users of the pro
16、duct at all,他们根本就不是产品的用户。However, from the users point of view, there is no decision to be made at all.然而从用户的角度看，根本就没有什么决定可 做。I m sorry to trouble you. 一 Not at all.对不起麻烦你 了。一点也不。first of all 首先First of all, you 11 have to do a market survey. 首先，你得 先进行一些市场调研。in all 总共，总计The cost of the repairs comes
17、 to $800 in all.修理费共计 800 美元。most of all最最，特别，最重要的是It was what she wanted most of all.这是她最想要的。worst of all 最糟糕的是Worst of all, their hope was gone.最糟糕的是他们丧失了希望。all和whole的区别all和whole在意思上近似，有时可以表达相同的意思，下面 说说这两个词的区别。1. whole通常只修改单数可数名词，而all通常修饰不可数名 词或者复数可数名词。I havent told him the whole story to this day
18、.我迄今仍未 给他讲完整个故事。There are two copies of all data files.所有数据文件都有两 份备份。It can also gather together all information relevant to a function.它也能收集与某个功能相关所有信息。(这里 information为不可数名词,所以不能用whole。)all还可以修饰表示时间的单数可数名词，用于表示整段时间。all (the) year / the whole year 整年all (the) summer / the whole summer 整个夏天注：1) hour和
19、century之前一般用whole而不用all,如：I waited for a whole hour.我等了整整一个钟头。For a whole century, there has not been a single murderer among them.在整整一百年中，他们之中从没出过一个杀人犯。”2)如果whole前有表示数量的词，则名词要用复数。The preparation will take up three whole months. 准备需要三 整月的时间。2.在次序上，all位于冠词、基数词、物主代词等限定词之前； 而whole位于这些词之后。He had to thro
20、w up his whole plan.他不得不放弃整个计划。All his troubles seemed to happen together. 他的麻烦事似乎 都同时发生了。The whole process normally takes less than an hour. 全程一 般只需不到1小时的时间。It is necessary to be able to control all the details of the program.控制程序中的所有细节是必要的。every和all用法比较every和all都可以表示“所有的，全体的”的意思。但是这 两个词用法上有一些区别，下面
21、就它们的用法作一些比较。1） all着眼于整体，后跟复数可数名词，every是从每个个体 去看，后跟单数可数名词，如：My father values honesty beyond all things.我父亲把诚实看 得比其他一切都重要。Every man has a fool in his sleeve.人人都有不够聪明的地方。2）两个词都可以与not连用表示部分否定。Not all residents are satisfied with the new change. 并非所 有的住户都对这一新改变感到满意。Not every horse can run fast.并非所有的马都能跑得
22、快。3）当表示特定群体的所有成员时，all通常与定冠词或其他中 位限定词连用，eve:ry后不跟限定词。He has read all the books on the subject. 有关这个科目的 书他都读过。He has read every book on the subject. （译文同上）Has the club got a list of all its members?俱乐部有全体成 员的名单吗？Every member of the clubs should be written on the list. 俱 乐部的全部成员应该列在单子上。4） ev.y只能修饰单数可数名词，但all还可以跟不可数名词。The truth of the report is beyond all doubt.该报道的真实