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1、高考英语外刊阅读训练阅读理解：欧洲议会批准世界首个碳进口税【原标题】Worlds First Carbon Import Tax Approved by EU Lawmakers【原文】The European Unions parliament approved legislation to tax imports based on the greenhouse gasesemitted to make them, clearing the final hurdle before the plan becomes law and enshrines climate regulation in
2、 the rules of global trade for the first time.Tuesdays vote caps nearly two years of negotiations on the import tax, which aims to push economies around the world to put a price on carbon-dioxide emissions while shielding the EUs manufacturers from countries that arent regulating emissions as strict
3、ly, or at all. The tax gives credit to countries that put a price on carbon, allowing importers of goods from those countries to deduct payments made for overseas emissions from the amount owed at the EUs borders.The tax has raised concerns in the U.S., where companies worry the plan would erect a w
4、eb of red tape for companies seeking to export to Europe. It has also drawn criticism from parts of the developing world, where manufacturers tend to emit more carbon dioxide than their competitors in Europe and rely more on coal-fired electricity.Governments and lawmakers in other countries are alr
5、eady under pressure to follow suit. The U.K. is debating whether to introduce a carbon border tax, while Democrats in Congress proposed legislation to create one. Bipartisan support for the idea is growing in the U.S., said Kevin Dempsey, president of the American Iron and Steel Institute, which rep
6、resents companies such as Nucor Corp. and ArcelorMittal SA.Tuesdays news prompted fresh calls in the U.S. for a similar tax. Producers of many different commodities argue it is difficult to compete with cheap, imported products that carry higher environmental footprints. Mike Ireland, president and
7、CEO of the Portland Cement Association, said the U.S. having a similar levy would protect domestic producers.The White House has urged the EU to give U.S. exporters credit for U.S. climate-change regulations, which dont set a price on carbon but instead provide incentives for clean energy. But EU of
8、ficials rebuffed those arguments, saying only exporters in countries that put an explicit price on carbon dioxide can enjoy a deduction from the border tax.The EUs legislation will at first cover imports of iron, steel, aluminum, cement, fertilizer, electricity and hydrogen. Companies will have to b
9、egin reporting the emissions of their imported goods starting in October, including the indirect emissions released by the electricity generation that powers overseas factories.Importers will have to begin paying the tax in 2026. That date coincides with the phasing out of free allowances given to E
10、uropes manufacturers under the blocs emissions trading system. Legislation also approved Tuesday sets a schedule for completely phasing out free allowances between 2026 and 2034. 【重点词汇】1. carbon kbn n. 碳；复写纸；炭精棒；碳纤维 adj. 碳的，碳处理的 【名】 （carbon）（英）卡本，（西）卡尔翁，（法）卡尔邦（人名）；carbons2. parliament plmnt n. 议会，国会
11、；英国议会（包括下议院和上议院）（parliament）；一届议会（会期）3. legislation ledslen n. 法规，法律；立法，制订法律4. greenhouse grnhas n. 温室，暖房 adj. 温室效应的；greenhouses5. global glbl adj. 全球的，全世界的；全面的，整体的；（计算机）全局的；球形的6. economy ()knm n. 经济；节省，简练；经济舱 adj. 经济实惠的 【名】 （economy）（英）伊科诺米（人名）；economies7. shield ld n. 盾（牌）；防护物，保护人；盾形纹（徽）章；警徽；盾形奖牌；
12、（颁发盾形奖牌的）比赛；背甲，头胸甲，龟甲板；（地质）地盾 v. 保护，保卫；遮挡；给加防护罩；防止（或减少）辐射；（体育运动中）护住（球）；防御，起保护作用 【名】 （shield）（英）希尔德（人名）；shields；shields；shielding；shielded；shielded8. regulate regjlet v. （用规则条例）控制，管理；调节，调整；监控，监管；校准，对准（时钟或其他仪器）；regulates；regulating；regulated；regulated9. deduct ddkt v. 减去，扣除；deducts；deducting；deducted；
13、deducted10. payment pemnt n. 支付款项，支付额；付款，支付；报答，报复；payments11. overseas vsz adj. 外国的，海外的 adv. 在国外，在海外12. erect rekt v. 搭建，建造；使竖立，竖起；创立，建立；安装，装配；（使）勃起 adj. 竖直的，直立的；竖起的；勃起的，坚挺的；erects；erecting；erected；erected13. web web n. （蜘蛛）网；网状物，错综复杂的事物；网络；（鸟兽的）蹼；连接板，金属薄条（片）；（连续印刷用）一卷纸；（制造卷筒纸的造纸机上的）无端金属丝网；织物 v. 用网（
14、或网状物）覆盖；使中圈套；形成网；webs；webs；webbing；webbed；webbed14. criticism krtsz()m n. 批评，批判；意见；评论，评价；（对文学作品和历史文献的）考证；criticisms15. emit mt v. 排放，散发（尤指气体、辐射物）；发出（声音或噪音）；发行，发表；emits；emitting；emitted；emitted16. congress kgres n. 国会，议会；代表大会；美国国会（congress）；congresses；congresses；congressing；congressed；congressed17. p
15、ropose prpz v. 提议，建议；提出（理论或解释）；提名，推荐；计划，打算；求婚；（向立法机构或委员会）提交（动议）；提议祝（酒）；proposes；proposing；proposed；proposed18. prompt prmpt v. 促使，导致；鼓励，提示（说话者）；（计算机上）提示；（给演员）提词，提白 adj. 迅速的，立刻的；（人）利索的，敏捷的；及时的，准时的；（商品）即期要送的，即期要付的 n. （给演员的）提词；（计算机屏幕上显示准备接受指令的）提示；鼓励，催促；（付款通知单上的）付款期限 adv. 准时地；prompts；prompter；prompts；pr
16、ompting；prompted；prompted19. commodity kmdt n. 商品，货物；有用的东西，必需品；commodities20. cement sment n. 水泥；胶合剂，接合剂；（对关系、看法等起巩固作用的）纽带；牙骨质；（黏附颗粒的）沉积岩基质；（填充牙齿龋洞的）黏固粉 v. 用（水泥或胶合剂）黏结，胶合；巩固，加强；决定，确立；cements；cementing；cemented；cemented21. levy lev v. 征收（罚款、税款等）；扣押财产（以执行判决）；征兵；发动（战争） n. 征收额，税款；（为执行判决而进行的）财产扣押；征兵 【名】
17、（levy）（英、以）利维，（西、意、葡、芬、法、瑞典）莱维（人名）；levies；levies；levying；levied；levied22. domestic dmestk adj. 国内的，本国的；家用的，家庭的；喜爱家庭生活的，乐于操持家务的；非野生的，驯养的 n. 家庭纠纷，家庭矛盾；佣人，家仆；国货，本地产品；domestics23. urge d v. 敦促，催促，力劝；竭力主张，强烈要求；驱赶，鞭策；鼓励，激励（ sb. on. n. 强烈的欲望，冲动；推动力；urges；urges；urging；urged；urged24. incentive nsentv n. 激励，刺
18、激；incentives25. explicit ksplst adj. 清楚明白的，明确的，详述的；直截了当的，坦率的；赤裸裸表现性爱（或暴力）的，露骨的 n. （手稿、早期印刷品或礼拜仪式上唱诗的）结束语26. aluminum ljumnm n. 铝27. fertilizer ftlaz n. 肥料，化肥；受精媒介物；fertilizers28. hydrogen hadrdn n. 化学 氢29. release rls v. 释放，放走；使出院；把（动物）放生；解救；放开；拉开，松开（装置）；发射，投（弹）；公布，发布；发行，上映；表达，发泄；释放，排放（物质）；解除（职务或工作）
19、，解雇；放弃，让予；使不紧张；开放，解禁 n. （人或动物的）释放，放出；排放，泄漏；（设备的）松开，拉开；释放装置（如按、拉的装置）；表达，宣泄；解脱，轻松感；放松的机会；新发行的东西；公开，发布；公映；（责任等的）免除，解除；免责书；放弃，让予；放弃文书；传球；releases；releases；releasing；released；released30. coincide knsad v. 巧合，同时发生；一致，相符；相交，重叠；coincides；coinciding；coincided；coincided31. phase fez n. （发展或变化的）阶段，时期；做出某种行为的短时
20、期；（动物生活周期或年周期的）阶段，期；（月亮的）位相，盈亏；同步，协调；（化）相；（动）（由遗传或季节引起的）动物颜色变化（期）；（物理）相位，相角；（线圈的）匝，（多相电机或电路的）连接；（语言学）（系统语法用语）相（指链接动词与后续动词的关系）；相结构（含有链接动词和后续动词的结构） v. 分阶段进行；（物理）使相位同步，使定相；phases；phases；phasing；phased；phased32. allowance lans n. 津贴，补助；限额，定量；折价，折扣；免税额；零花钱；考虑到的事情；体谅，原谅；允许，认可；（赛马）减载量 v. 为（某人）提供津贴；定量供应（物品）
21、；allowances；allowances；allowancing；allowanced；allowanced【阅读理解练习题】1. What is the purpose of the import tax legislation approved by the European Unions parliament?A. To regulate global trade for the first time.B. To give credit to countries that put a price on carbon.C. To shield the EUs manufacturers
22、 from countries with no regulation on emissions.D. To encourage the U.S. to follow suit in introducing a similar carbon border tax.答案：C。第一段明确提到，该法案的目的是保护欧盟制造商不受那些没有进行排放管制或者管制不够严格的国家的影响。2. Which countries have expressed concerns about the EUs import tax?A. Developing countries that rely heavily on co
23、al-fired electricity.B. Only the U.S., where companies worry about red tape for exports.C. The U.S. and developing countries that emit more carbon than Europe.D. No countries except the U.S. have expressed concerns.答案：C。第三段提到，这个税收计划引起了一些发展中国家的担忧，他们的制造业通常比欧洲的竞争对手释放更多的二氧化碳，而这个计划也引起了美国的批评。3. What is th
24、e argument of U.S. producers in favor of a similar tax to that of the EU?A. Only an explicit price on carbon dioxide should be used to deduct payments from the border tax.B. It is difficult to compete with cheap imported goods that have a higher environmental footprint.C. U.S. climate-change regulat
25、ions provide incentives for clean energy.D. The U.S. should have a similar tax to protect their domestic producers.答案：B。第六段提到，很多不同种类的商品生产商都认为难以和环境印记更高的廉价进口产品竞争。Mike Ireland提到，美国如果有类似的税收计划将保护国内生产者。4. What kind of emissions will companies have to begin reporting for the imported goods?A. Only direct e
26、missions.B. Only indirect emissions.C. Both direct and indirect emissions.D. No emissions need to be reported.答案：C。第十二段提到，公司需要从10月份开始报告其进口货物的排放情况，包括由海外工厂供电而释放的间接排放量。5. When will importers have to begin paying the tax?A. Starting in October.B. In 2026.C. Between 2026 and 2034.D. The article does not
27、mention a specific date.答案：B。最后一段提到，进口商将从2026年开始支付该税。【长难句分析】Tuesdays vote caps nearly two years of negotiations on the import tax, which aims to push economies around the world to put a price on carbon-dioxide emissions while shielding the EUs manufacturers from countries that arent regulating emiss
28、ions as strictly, or at all.主句是主谓宾结构（Tuesdays vote caps nearly two years of negotiations on the import tax），which aims to push economies around the world是非限定性定语从句，to put a price on carbon-dioxide emissions是不定式作目的状语，while shielding the EUs manufacturers from countries是时间状语从句，that arent regulating emi
29、ssions as strictly, or at all是定语从句。欧洲议会周二的投票表决为持续了近两年的碳进口税谈判画上了句号，这些谈判旨在推动全球各经济体为二氧化碳排放定价，同时保护欧盟制造商不受那些对温室气体排放监管不力的国家影响。【语言点积累】学习enshrine的用法。这个词作及物动词，表示if something such as a tradition or right is enshrined in something, it is preserved and protected so that people will remember and respect it，铭记，珍藏
30、指传统或权利被保留下来以使人铭记、珍视，常用搭配为be enshrined in sth，例：The right of free speech is enshrined in the Constitution. 言论自由的权利被载入宪法。【全文翻译】The European Unions parliament approved legislation to tax imports based on the greenhouse gasesemitted to make them, clearing the final hurdle before the plan becomes law and
31、 enshrines climate regulation in the rules of global trade for the first time.欧盟议会批准了一项立法，根据允许生产的温室气体对进口产品征税，为该计划成为法律扫清了最后的障碍，并首次将气候监管纳入全球贸易规则。Tuesdays vote caps nearly two years of negotiations on the import tax, which aims to push economies around the world to put a price on carbon-dioxide emissio
32、ns while shielding the EUs manufacturers from countries that arent regulating emissions as strictly, or at all. The tax gives credit to countries that put a price on carbon, allowing importers of goods from those countries to deduct payments made for overseas emissions from the amount owed at the EU
33、s borders.周二的投票为近两年的进口税谈判画上了句号，该谈判旨在推动世界各地的经济体为二氧化碳排放定价，同时保护欧盟制造商免受那些没有严格或根本没有对排放进行监管的国家的影响。该税将信贷发放给对碳定价的国家，允许这些国家的商品进口商从欧盟边境的欠款中扣除海外排放的款项。The tax has raised concerns in the U.S., where companies worry the plan would erect a web of red tape for companies seeking to export to Europe. It has also draw
34、n criticism from parts of the developing world, where manufacturers tend to emit more carbon dioxide than their competitors in Europe and rely more on coal-fired electricity.该税在美国引发了担忧，美国公司担心该计划会为寻求向欧洲出口的公司建立一个繁文缛节的网络。这也招致了发展中国家部分地区的批评，这些地区的制造商往往比欧洲的竞争对手排放更多的二氧化碳，并且更多地依赖燃煤发电。Governments and lawmaker
35、s in other countries are already under pressure to follow suit. The U.K. is debating whether to introduce a carbon border tax, while Democrats in Congress proposed legislation to create one. Bipartisan support for the idea is growing in the U.S., said Kevin Dempsey, president of the American Iron an
36、d Steel Institute, which represents companies such as Nucor Corp. and ArcelorMittal SA.其他国家的政府和立法者已经面临着效仿的压力。英国正在讨论是否引入碳边境税，而国会中的民主党人则提议立法设立碳边境税。代表Nucor Corp.和ArcelorMittal SA等公司的美国钢铁协会主席凯文邓普西表示，两党对这一想法的支持在美国越来越多。Tuesdays news prompted fresh calls in the U.S. for a similar tax. Producers of many dif
37、ferent commodities argue it is difficult to compete with cheap, imported products that carry higher environmental footprints. Mike Ireland, president and CEO of the Portland Cement Association, said the U.S. having a similar levy would protect domestic producers.周二的消息促使美国再次呼吁征收类似的税。许多不同商品的生产商认为，很难与环
38、境足迹更大的廉价进口产品竞争。波特兰水泥协会主席兼首席执行官Mike Ireland表示，美国征收类似的税将保护国内生产商。The White House has urged the EU to give U.S. exporters credit for U.S. climate-change regulations, which dont set a price on carbon but instead provide incentives for clean energy. But EU officials rebuffed those arguments, saying only e
39、xporters in countries that put an explicit price on carbon dioxide can enjoy a deduction from the border tax.白宫敦促欧盟为美国的气候变化法规给予美国出口商信贷，这些法规没有为碳定价，而是为清洁能源提供激励。但欧盟官员驳斥了这些说法，称只有对二氧化碳定价明确的国家的出口商才能享受边境税减免。The EUs legislation will at first cover imports of iron, steel, aluminum, cement, fertilizer, electr
40、icity and hydrogen. Companies will have to begin reporting the emissions of their imported goods starting in October, including the indirect emissions released by the electricity generation that powers overseas factories.欧盟的立法将首先涵盖铁、钢、铝、水泥、化肥、电力和氢气的进口。从10月开始，企业将不得不开始报告其进口商品的排放量，包括为海外工厂供电的发电所释放的间接排放量
41、。Importers will have to begin paying the tax in 2026. That date coincides with the phasing out of free allowances given to Europes manufacturers under the blocs emissions trading system. Legislation also approved Tuesday sets a schedule for completely phasing out free allowances between 2026 and 2034.进口商将不得不在2026年开始缴纳税款。这一日期恰逢欧盟排放交易制度下逐步取消对欧洲制造商的免费补贴。周二通过的立法也为2026年至2034年期间完全取消免费津贴制定了时间表。学科网（北京）股份有限公司