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1、豌豆语法 豌豆语法 宾语从句 宾语从句豌豆群：豌豆群：7298916 7298916豌豆YY 群：7298916一.宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing 形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad 等）之后也可以带宾语从句。二.宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that(that 常可省略),whether,if代词：who,whose,what,which副词：when,where,how,why 等。豌豆YY群：7298916（一）tha
2、t 引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that 可以省略）可跟that 从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report 等。例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space
3、 to other planets.注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think,believe,suppose,expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例句：I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that.豌豆YY群：7298916在以下情况中that不能省略1当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said(that)you were too young to understand the matter and that he was
4、asked not to tell you.2当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。例句：Just then I noticed,for the first time,that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.豌豆YY群：72989163当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。例句：I cant tell him that his mother died.注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that 引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。例
5、句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.（二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。例句：I wonder whether(if)they will come to our party.豌豆YY群：7298916只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句1在带to的不定式前例句：We decided
6、 whether to walk there.2在介词的后面例句：Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film.3在动词后面的宾语从句时例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week4直接与or not连用时例句：I cant say whether or not they can come on time.豌豆YY群：7298916只能用if 不能用whether 引导的宾语从句if 引导否定概念的宾语从句时例句：He asked if I didnt come to
7、 school yesterday.豌豆YY群：7298916（三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,find out,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。英语中的连接代词有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。例句：Can you tell me whom you are wa
8、iting for?英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.豌豆YY群：7298916三.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。例句如下：I dont know what they are looking for.Could you tell me when the train will leave?Can you imagine what kind of man he is?豌豆YY群：729891
9、6四.宾语从句的时态1主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.2主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。例句：She was sorry that she hadnt finished her work on time.3当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.豌豆YY群：7298916五.宾语从句的特点1宾语从句可以作
10、及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。例句：We all expect（that）they will win,for members of their team are stronger.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.2宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。I dont know if there will be a bus any more.The book will show you what the best CEO sho
11、uld know.豌豆YY群：72989163连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。He told me(that）he would go to college the next year.4whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。5如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.例如：I think it necessa
12、ry that we take plenty of hot water every day.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries豌豆YY群：7298916有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it（双宾语）We take it that you will agree with us。When you start the engine,you must see to it that car is in neutral.若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievabl
13、e.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.豌豆YY群：72989165.如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用thatvShe says(that)she will leave a message on his desk.vHe said(that)he was going to take care of the child.vHe asks if I like playing the piano.vYou may ask the man over there how you can
14、get to the bus station.豌豆YY群：72989161.The young man asked _ its summer or winter.A.either B.that C.weather D.whether2.We dont know _ they did it.A.how B.who C.what D.which 3.The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time.A.that B.if C.when D.what time4.Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meet
15、ing this weekend or not.A.if B.where C.whether D.that豌豆YY群：72989165.Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan?A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs6.The small children dont know _.A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their st
16、ockings7.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 豌豆YY群：72989168.Could you tell me how long _?A.you have bought the watch B.you have kept this science book C.have you been away from China D.have you been a member of Greener China9.He says that if it _ tomorrow,he _ fishing.A.will rain,wont go B.rained,wasnt go C.rains,wont go D.rain,will go 豌豆YY群：7298916豌豆YY 群：7298916