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1、参照秘密级管理启用前试卷类型：A2022年潍坊市初中学业水平考试英语试题2022.6注意事项：1.本试题满分80分，考试时间为90分钟；2.答卷前务必将试题密封线内及答题卡上面的项目填涂清楚。所有答案都必须涂、写在答题卡相应位置，答在本试卷上一律无效。一、阅读理解（共 15小题；每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMiss Bradley:Debbie?The people at Sunny Bankyou know,the home for old people-want someone to give a talk.Could yo
2、u do it?Debbie:Me?Stand up and talk?I cant do that.Miss B:Debbie,ifs not a big deal.Jess:Why not,Debbie?I mean,the old people arent going to laugh or be nasty.Debbie:No,I know.But.oh,I dont know.Tm just not brave enough,thats all.I cant do it,and thafs that.Jess:Here she comes.Go on,Pete.Pete:OK.Wel
3、l,look-its yellow Debbie.The school chicken.Debbie:I beg your pardon?Pete:I hear you wont give a talk at Sunny Bank.Ooh,all those scary old people!Ifs a bit pathetic,eh,Debbie?Debbie:Chicken?Pathetic?No one calls me that!Debbie:Miss Bradley?Fve changed my mind.I want to do the talk after all.Miss B:
4、Good for you,Debbie.How about Friday,around 5 o9clock?Jess:It worked!Well done,Pete.Pete:Thanks.But I dont think I can ever talk to Debbie again!1.Miss Bradley asks Debbie to.A.give a speech B.go to a bankC.stand up and talk D.look after old people2.What does the underlined word chicken in Picture 3
5、 probably mean in Chinese?A.小鸡 B.勇士 C.胆小鬼 D.大明星3.By saying such words,Jess and Petes real purpose is to.A.talk to Debbie B.encourage Debbie C.laugh at Debbie D.make Debbie angry【答案】l.A 2.C 3.B【解析】【导语】本文讲述了 Bradley老师想让Debbie在老人院演讲，她起初不同意，后来在同学的刺激下决定去试一试。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据The people at Sunny Bank-you know
6、,the home for old peoplewant someone to give a talk”可知，Bradley老师想让Debbie在老人院演讲，故选A。【2 题详解】词义猜测题。根据“I hear you wont give a talk at Sunny Bank.Ooh,all those scary old people!Ifs a bit pathetic可知，嘲笑Debbie不敢去老人院做演讲，是一个胆小鬼，所以chicken表示“胆小鬼”，故选C。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据“It worked!Well done,Pete”可知，他们说这些的目的是为了鼓励Debb
7、ie勇敢去老人院演讲，故选B。BMargaret Ann Bulkley was bom around 1789,in Ireland.She had big dreams.I want to be a doctor!But twohundred years ago a girl couldnt become a doctor.Her uncle,James Barry,was a great painter.And his friendGeneral Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books.Margaret loved reading
8、 there.Her intelligence impressedhim.Years later,her uncle James Barry died,leaving her some money.It was enough to study to be a doctor.“But a girl cant become a doctor,said Margaret sadly.“Yes,you can!,said General Miranda.UA11 you have to do is to disguise as a boy.Margaret really wanted to bea d
9、octor.So she cut off her long hair,practiced speaking in a deep voice,and put on boys clothes.She also namedherself James Barry.From then on,Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared.She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University.He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other s
10、tudents went on holiday.Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army.In his life,Dr.James Barry travelled all over theworld,helping to save many lives.Before retirement,Barry had risen to the second-highest medical officer in theBritish Army.Barry improved the conditions for not only
11、 wounded soldiers but also the local people,and performedthe first recorded successful caesarean section（音 lj宫产）in Africa.The secret Dr.James Barry kept for over fifty yearswas only known after his death in 1865.4.Who played the most important role in Margarets becoming a doctor?A.General Miranda.B.
12、Her uncle James Barry.C.A soldier in the British Army.D.A professor from Edinburgh University.5.What does the underlined word disguise in paragraph 3 mean?A.Change ones clothes.B.Dress like a doctor.C.Change ones appearance.D.Dress like a gentleman.6.Which was Dr.James Barry 9s achievement in his jo
13、b?A.Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.B.Graduating from the most famous medical university.C.Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.D.Doing the worlds first recorded caesarean section successfully.7.What was the secret Dr.James Barry kept for over fifty years?A.James Ba
14、rry left much money.B.Dr.James Barry was a woman.C.Margaret died in her twenties.D.General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.【答案】4.A 5.C 6.C 7.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了 Margaret Ann Bulkley为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从医的故事。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据“And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books.Margar
15、et lovedreading there.Her intelligence impressed him及“Yes,you can!said General Miranda.All you have to do is todisguise as a boy.可知，是叔叔的朋友General Miranda鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选A。【5 题详解】词义猜测题。根据“So she cut off her long hair,practiced speaking in a deep voice,and put on boys clothes 司.知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个
16、男孩，所以disguise与 Change ones appearance同义，故选C。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据“Barry improved the conditions fbr not only wounded soldiers but also the local people”可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选C。【7 题详解】推理判断题。根据“Margaret really wanted to be a doctor.So she cut off her long hair,practiced speaking in a deepvoice,and put o
17、n boys clothes.She also named herself James Barry”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选B。CWhat do three hearts,eight arms and one huge brain add up to?An octopus,a creature that can do amazingthings.Octopuses are very clever.As they dont have teeth or sharp claws to defend themselves,they have ever learnta fe
18、w tricks to get out of dangerous situations.Do you know how they do that?They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor.Some octopuses like to stay in moreshallow water where there are rocks.Because octopuses have very soft bodies,they can hide themselves into smallspaces be
19、tween the rocks to get rid of enemies.The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand.This color changehappens in less than a minute.Another way an octopus can protect itself is by shooting ink.It can shoot ink into the water.The ink forms acloud to blin
20、d its enemies.Its like a magician doing a disappearing act.If an octopus is being attacked,it can make itself look like a sea snake.It will bury itself in the sand except twoarms.It will change the color of those arms to match a sea snake.But what if theres no time to escape?It can break off one of
21、its arms.The arm will then change colors and movearound the water.As the enemy starts chasing after the ann,the octopus can swim away quickly.Dont worry,though.The octopus arm will grow back soon.8.How many tricks are mentioned in the text?C.5.B.It has eight arms.D.6.9.Why is an octopus like a chame
22、leon?A.It has three hearts.C.It can make itself look like a snake.D.It can change the color of its skin.10.What does an octopus do in time of great danger?A.Run after its enemy.B.Break off one arm.C.Fight with sharp teeth.D.Move around the water.11.What is the best title for this text?A.Adventures i
23、n water B.Magician of the seaC.Soft bodies between rocks D.Enemy behind the cloud【答案】8.C 9.D 10.B 11.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了章鱼的相关信息，包括了它的外观，逃生的技能等。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor,t4The octopus is like achameleon because it can change the color of its s
24、kin to match the sandAnother way an octopus can protect itselfis by shooting ink“If an octopus is being attacked,it can make itself look like a sea snake及It can break off oneof its arms”可知，文中一共提到了 5 种技巧,故选C。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to
25、 match the sand可知，因为它可以改变皮肤的颜色来匹配沙子，故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据“But what if there 5s no time to escape?It can break of!one of its arms”可知，它可以折断一只手臂，故选B。【11题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了章鱼的几种逃生技能，就像“海洋魔术师”一样，故选B。DAre you suffering from insomnia（失眠）now?Its true that many people are deeply bothered by insomnia.12 Sl
26、eep expert Michael Grandner offers top three tips.Make a plan and stick to it.Melatonin（褪黑素）is produced by the body to control when you get sleepy and when you wake up.As nightfells,the levels of melatonin rise,becoming a signal to the body that its time for bed.And the levels naturally fall asdayli
27、ght comes near,getting you ready to greet the day.13 So if your bedtime and wake-up time change from day to day,your body doesnt know how to react.So its important to have a regular bedtime and wake-up time,even on weekends.14In fact,this tip is so powerful that it can even beat sleep medicine.Whene
28、ver youve been awake for 20 or 30minutes,either the beginning or the middle of the night,get up.Maybe you just need five minutes to get sleepy,ormaybe an hour,but dont spend that time in bed,says Grandner.Change your attitude about sleep.Many people see sleeping as the final thing they have to do in
29、 a busy day,worth delaying to catch up onhousework,school work or others.15 See your sleep as the amount of time you need in order to set yourselfup for a productive tomorrow.It may sound like a small change,but its an important one,Grandner adds.根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。A.Dont lie i
30、n bed awake.B.Take some medicine if you need.C.That thought needs to be changed.D.In fact,we can train our brain to fall asleep.E.The release（释放）of melatonin needs to be at regular times.【答案】12.D 13.E 14.A 15.C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了预防失眠的方法。【12题详解】根据Its true that many people are deeply bothered by insomnia及Sl
31、eep expert Michael Grandner offers topthree tips”可知，事实我们可以改变这种情况，D 选项“事实上，我们可以训练我们的大脑入睡”符合语境，故选D。【13题详解】根据So if your bedtime and wake-up time change from day to day,your body doesnt know how to react”可知，此处提到了“有规律的时间”，E 选项 褪黑激素的释放需要定期进行“符合语境，故选E。【14题详解】根据but dont spend that time in bed”可知，本段的建议是醒着的时候
32、不要躺在床上，A 选项“别躺在床上而不入睡”符合语境，故选A。【15题详解】根据Change your attitude about sleep”可知，要改变自己的某些想法,C 选项“那个想法需要改变“符合语境，故选C。二、语言知识运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）A阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The environment is everything around us in the natural world.It is the earth,the air,rivers,lakes,forests andseas.The
33、se are 16 human beings depend on for a living.All natural waste is 17.Animal waste and dead bodies are broken down by small creatures,like thoseworms in the soil.This is their 18.The carbon dioxide that people and animals breathe（呼吸）out is used byplants to breathe and help them 19.Plants give out ox
34、ygen which people and animals need to breathe in.Plants 20 water through their roots.They pass it out through their leaves 21 moisture（水分）.Thismoisture,together with water vapour coming from rivers and seas,rises and turns into water droplets and formsclouds.Larger water droplets then fall down in t
35、he form of 22 In this way,the water goes 23 to theearth,rivers and seas to be used again.However,humans have made a lot of changes to the earth.The technology and industry have made life24.but they also produce a lot of new waste.Nature finds this new waste hard or 25 to recycle.Manshall deal with t
36、his problem before it is too late.16.A.howB.whatC.whichD.where17.A.avoidedB.allowedC.reducedD.recycled18.A.foodB.hobbyC.methodD.support19.A.growB.continueC.progressD.increase20.A.put awayB.give offC.take upD.hold on21.A.likeB.withC.inD.as22.A.windB.rainC.stormD.shower23.A.forwardB.aboutC.backD.away2
37、4.A.slowerB.easierC.heavierD.cheaper25.A.helpfulB.valuableC.impossibleD.unnecessary【答案】16.B17.D18.A 19.A20.A 21.D 22.B23.C 24.B 25.C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了大自然中产生废物可以再次利用，但是科技和工业产生的废物很难再次利用，这就需要人类来处理这种污染问题。【16题详解】句意：这些都是人类赖以生存的东西。how怎样；what什么；which哪 一 一 个；where哪里。此空作动词短语depend on的宾语，应填w hat,故选B。【17题详解】句意：所有的
38、自然废物都可以回收利用。avoided 避免；allowed 允许；reduced 减少；recycled 回收。根据“Animal waste and dead bodies are broken downby small creatures”可知，自然的废物都可以回收利用，故选D。【18题详解】句意：这是它们的食物。food 食物；hobby 爱好；method 方法;support 支持。根据Animal waste and dead bodies are broken down by smallcreatures,like those worms in the soil”可知，动物的排
39、泄物和尸体是小生物的食物，故选A。【19题详解】句意：人类和动物呼出的二氧化碳被植物用来呼吸并帮助它们生长。grow 成长；continue 继续；progress 进步；increase 增长。根据“plants to breathe and help them”可知，植物吸收二氧化碳然后生长，故选A。【20题详解】句意：植物通过根吸收水分。put away 收 好,储 存;give off 发出；take up 占有；hold on 继续。根据water through their roots”可知，通过根部吸收水分，故选A。2 1 题详解】句意：它们通过树叶把水分散发出去。like 像；
40、with 带 有;in 在.里;as 作为。根据“They pass it out through their leavesmoisture”可知，被当成水分从叶子上散发出去，故选D。【22题详解】句意：较大的水滴以雨的形式落下。wind 风；rain 雨；storm 暴雨；shower 淋浴。根据“Larger water droplets then fidl down in the form 可知，较大的水滴形成了雨，故选B。【23题详解】句意：通过这种方式，水会回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用。forward 向前；about 关于；back 向后；away 离开。根据the water
41、 goes.to the earth,rivers and seas to be usedagain”可知，水回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用，故选C。【24题详解】句意：科技和工业让生活变得更容易，但它们也产生了很多新的废物。slower 更慢的；easier 更容易；heavier 更重；cheaper 更便宜。根据“The technology and industry have made life”可知，科技让生活变得更容易，故选B。【25题详解】句意：大自然发现这种新的废物很难或不可能回收利用。helpful 有帮助的；valuable 有价值的；impossible 不可能的；un
42、necessary 不必要的。根据“Nature finds this newwaste hard”可知，发现很难或不可能再次利用，故选C。阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。“No,I wont tell you anything about those geese(鹅)，“repeated Breckinridge.Well,lefs 26(make)a bet,“said Holmes.I bet you five pounds the geese came from a farm outside London.“Ha,you are wrong,saidBr
43、eckinridge.Actually the geese came from London.,I dont believe you,“said Holmes.“AH right J said Breckinridge,Wait,I 27(show)you in a moment.He took out two large books and opened one of 28(they).“This book contains a list of the people whosell me geese.The 29(name)in red ink are people who live in
44、London.Read out the 30(three)one on theHolmes took the book and read,“Mrs Oakshott,117 Brixton Road.This name 31(write)in red ink.Sothat means Mrs Oakshott lives in London.”t4Yes,said Breckinridge.44Now look in the other book.It records the dates I bought the geese.Holmes read,December 22nd,bought f
45、rom Mrs Oakshott,24 geese at 7 shillings each.Sold to Mr Windigate ofthe Alpha Inn.”“See?I was right,said Breckinridge.4tSo I 32(win)thc bet.Now give me my money.33(Silent)Holmes took out a gold coin and threw it down in front of Breckinridge.Then we left.A few yards away,we stopped 34(laugh)loudly.
46、44You are very clever!Holmes,v I said.Breckinridgerefused to tell us the 35(true).So you made a bet with“Yes,Watson,said Holmes.Though I lost the bet,I found out what I wanted.v【答案】26.make27.will show28.them 29.names30.third 31.was written32.won 33.Silently34.to laugh35 truth【解析】【导语】本文主要是福尔摩斯探案集中追踪大
47、鹅的来历中的一段，讲述了福尔摩斯用自己的智慧知道了大鹅来自哪里。【26题详解】句意：让我们打一个赌吧。let sb d。sth“让某人做某事“，此空应填动词原形，故填make。【27题详解】句意：一会我展示给你看。根据in a moment可知，此处用一般将来时will d o 的结构，故填will show。【28题详解】句意：他拿出两本大书，打开其中一本。o f 介词，后接人称代词宾格，故填them。【29题详解】句意：用红墨水写的是住在伦敦的人。根据are可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填names。【30题详解】句意：把名单上的第三个读出来。the后接序数词表示顺序，故填third。3
48、1 题详解】句意：这个名字是用红墨水写的。主语name与动词write之间是被动关系，且名字被写是发生在过去，故此处用一般过去时被动语态，主语name是单数形式，助动词用w a s,故填was written。【32题详解】句意：所以我会赢得这场赌局。根据Iwas right”可知，此句也应用一般过去时，故填won。【33题详解】句意：福尔摩斯默默地掏出一枚金币，扔在布雷肯里奇面前。此空修饰动词短语took o u t,应用副词，故填Silently。【34题详解】句意：几码远的地方，我们停下来放声大笑。根据“we stoppedloudly”可知，是停下来大笑，用 stop to do st
49、h表示“停下来去做另一件事“，故填to laugh。35题详解】句意：布雷肯里奇拒绝告诉我们真相。the后应接名词，truth“真相”是名词，故填truth。三、翻译句子(共3 小题；每小题2 分，满分6 分)用括号内所给的短语，将下列句子翻译成英语。3 6.太多甜食有害健康。(be harmful to)【答案】Too much sweet food is harmful to health.【解析】【详解】sweet food“甜食”，不可数名词，用 too much表示“太多”；be harmful to对.有害“，health“健康,不可数名词，故填 Too much sweet fo
50、od is harmful to health.37.我想知道你是否同意我的观点。(whetheror not)【答案】I wonder whether you agree with me or not.【解析】【详解】wonder“想知道；agree with sb“同意某人；whether.or not“是否”，此句用一般现在时，故填I wonderwhether you agree with me or not.38.教练看上去对比赛结果很满意。(It seems that.)【答案】It seems that the coach is satisfied with the result