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1、Unit4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSReadingandThinkingPara.2HistoryPara.2HistoryPara.1Apuzzle-tointroducethetopicbyraisingapuzzletoarouseinterestofthereadersPara.3SimilaritiesanddifferencesPara.4PeopleandtraditionsPara.5TripWHATSINANAME?P1:areconfusedby whatGetting toknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyo
2、usolvethispuzzle.联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰这些不同的名称是何意思、许多人感到困惑。那么如果这些名称有区別的话,区别何在?稍微了解一下英国历史,就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。1.beconfusedby/about对对有疑问有疑问 /感到困惑感到困惑2.what引导名词性从句引导名词性从句:1.What she saw gave her a fright.主语从句 2.I managed to get what I wanted.宾语从句3.Theres something in what he says.宾语从句4.Thats what I want to know.表语从
3、句areconfusedby what句型剖析该句中该句中ifany是省略句，其完整形式为是省略句，其完整形式为ifthereisanydifference。Ifany为省略句式为省略句式,意为意为“如果有的话如果有的话”,if用作连词用作连词。Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?其他类似的省略结构:ifso如果这样的话如果这样的话ifnot如果不这样的话如果不这样的话ifever如果有过如果有过/发生过的话发生过的话ifnecessary如果有必要的话如果有必要的话ifpossible如果有可能的话如果有可能的话仿写：眼见为实。_isbelievin
4、g.在阳光下看书对我们的眼睛有害。_isbadforoureyes.学习哲学将为我们的生活打开另一扇窗。_anotherwindowtoourlives.SeeingReadinginthesunStudyingphilosophywillopenGettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.稍微了解一下英国历史,就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。P2:was joined tobrokeawayfromresultedin shortened十六世纪时,邻国威尔土并入英格兰王国。随后,苏格兰在十八世纪也加入进
5、来,从而诞生了大不列颠王国。十九世纪时,爱尔兰王国加入,组成了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。最后,在二十世纪时,爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国,形成了今天的英国全称:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。大多数人只是使用简称:“联合王国”或“英国”。联合王国的人被称为“英国人”,这意味着联合王国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernI
6、reland.breakaway(from)离开；脱离离开；脱离resultfrom由由发生；随发生；随产生产生resultin造成；导致造成；导致(cause/leadto)Thisaccidentresulted_thedriverscarelessness.Thedriverscarelessnessresulted_thisaccident.frominPeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.(Para 2,Line 13)which在这里
7、引导在这里引导_ _ 从句，修饰从句，修饰_ 。非限制性定语非限制性定语前面整个句子前面整个句子P3:Thefour countriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogether in some areas.They use the same flag,known as theUnion Jack,as well as share the same currency and militarydefence.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,and No
8、rthern Ireland all havedifferent education systems and legal systems.They also havetheir own traditions,like their own national days and nationaldishes.And they even have their own football teams forcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗（称为“英国国旗”）。然而,它们之间仍有诸多区別。例
9、如,英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰及北爱尔兰实行不同的教育和法律制度。它们也有各自的传统,比如有自己的国庆节和本国菜肴。它们甚至拥有自己的足球队,出征诸如“世界杯”之类的赛事!【观察思考】Everyoneshouldremembertotakeawaytheirbelongingswhentheyleave.每个人离开时都要记得带走自己的财物。Asparents,wehavearesponsibilitytogiveourchildrenasenseofbelonging.作为父母,我们有责任给孩子归属感。ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomwork
10、togetherinsomeareas.同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.过去分词短语作定语They use the same flag,which is known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.(1)_（surround)by his students,the
11、 professor sat there cheerfully.(2)_(catch)in a heavy rain,he was all wet.(3)_(ask)why he did it,the monitor said it was his duty.(4)_(see)from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.(5)这本书由于用了很长时间，看起来有点旧。这本书由于用了很长时间，看起来有点旧。Used for a long time,the book looks old.SurroundedCaughtAskedSeen
12、过去分词作原因、时间、伴随、让步等状语过去分词作原因、时间、伴随、让步等状语 写作链接写作链接 1.1.由于我被这温馨的场景深深感动了，当小女孩的妈由于我被这温馨的场景深深感动了，当小女孩的妈妈询问价格时我决定免费送她们这只小狗。妈询问价格时我决定免费送她们这只小狗。过去分词作原因、时间、伴随、让步等状语过去分词作原因、时间、伴随、让步等状语MovedbyI2.2.20212021全国全国卷卷 当被问及发生了什么，这对双胞胎向当被问及发生了什么，这对双胞胎向爸爸解释说他们想给妈妈一个母亲节惊喜。爸爸解释说他们想给妈妈一个母亲节惊喜。AskedthetwinsaswellasThey use t
13、he same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.他们使用同样的旗帜，即英国国旗，使用同样的货币和他们使用同样的旗帜，即英国国旗，使用同样的货币和军事防御。军事防御。aswellas English,aswellasChineseandmaths,isofgreatimportance.同语文和数学一样,英语也非常重要。Aswellasgoingtothemoviesandfootballmatcheswithmyfriends,Ispendalotoftim
14、ewithmypets.除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛外,我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。TheforeignerspeaksChineseaswellasanativespeaker.这个外国人说汉语同本地人一样好。和;又;也除之外,还有和一样好【应用实践】(1)根据汉语句意完成英语句子。她不但是摄影师而且还是天才音乐家。Sheisatalentedmusician_aphotographer.除吃了五道菜外,他们还喝了七瓶酒。_fivecourses,theydranksevenbottlesofwine.(2)翻译句子。Hegrowsflowersaswellasvegetable
15、s._)他既种菜也种花。aswellasAswellaseatingP4:The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history toexplore,which can help you understand much more about thecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups ofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferent timest
16、hroughout history.Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century.They introduced thebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindl
17、ots of new vocabulary,and also the names of many locationsacrosstheUK.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.TheyconqueredEngland after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11thcentury.They had castles built all around England,and madechangestothelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench,somanyFrenchwordsslowlyenter
18、edintotheEnglishlanguage.英国历史源远流长、別有趣味,等待你去探索,帮助你更加深入地了解这一国家及其传统。英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。第一族群是古罗马人,于公元一世纪进入英国。罗马人的伟大成就在于他们建立了城镇、修建了道路。之后是盎格鲁一撒克逊人,于公元五世纪到达英国。他们引入了英语的雏形,并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。维京人于公元八世纪到来,留下了诸多新的词汇,并给英国境内的许多地方命名。最后一个是诺曼人。十一世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役之后,诺曼人征服了英格兰,四处修建城堡,并改革了法律制度。诺曼人即为法
19、国人,许多法语单词因此慢慢进入了英语。surround【观察思考】AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhoatdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。MrSmithlikestosurroundhimselfwithstudentsaskinghimquestions.史密斯先生喜欢自己身边围绕着问问题的学生。Thousandsofpe
20、oplefromsurroundingtownscametoseethegreatshow.来自周边城镇的成千上万的人观看了这场宏大的表演。AfterImovedtoanewcity,Igotusedtomynewsurroundingssoon.我搬到新城市后,很快习惯了新环境。【探究总结】(1)surroundvt._surround._.使被包围besurrounded_.被环绕/包围(2)_adj.周围的;附近的(3)_n.环境围绕;包围withwith/bysurroundingsurroundings【应用实践】单句语法填空。Icametorealisethatthekeytosu
21、ccesslayintryingtosurroundmyself_creativepeople._(surround)byadozenchildren,grandchildrenandgreat-grandchildren,thewomanhappilycelebratedher90thbirthday.Thetrees_(surround)thetownwereplantedbythesoldierstenyearsago.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorecomfortableandbeautiful_(surround).withSurroundedsurround
22、ingsurroundings表使役的动词：have,make,get等。have/get/make+n./pron.+p.p“使某事被做”1.Speakalittleloudertomakeyourself_byusall.(hear)2.Weshouldworkhardertogetthework_(recognize).3.Theyaregoingto_(种些树)heardrecognizedhavesometreesplantedThey had castles built all around England,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.拓展拓展ha
23、vesthdone某事被做某事被做（done作宾补，和前面的名词构成作宾补，和前面的名词构成被动被动关系）关系）havesbdosth使使/让让/叫某人做某事叫某人做某事,have为使役动词，后面接动词不定为使役动词，后面接动词不定式作宾补，式作宾补，to省略省略；havesthtodo有有.要做要做(主语自己做主语自己做)，have表示表示“有有”之意；之意；havesb/sthdoingsth，让某人一直做某事，让某事持续发生，让某人一直做某事，让某事持续发生，doing作作宾补，和前面的名词或代词是主动关系宾补，和前面的名词或代词是主动关系wont/canthavesbdoingsth不
24、能容忍某人做某事不能容忍某人做某事典例练习典例练习1.Thepatientisgoingtohavehistemperature_(take).2.Illhavesomeone_(repair)yourbicycle.3.Illhaveyourbicycle_(repair).4.Heissorrytohaveher_(wait)solong.5.Wecanthaveyou_(speak)toyourparentsinsucharudeway.6.Dontcallmethisafternoon.Werehavingsomethingimportant_(discuss)then.takenre
25、pairrepairedwaitingspeakingtodiscussP5:There issomuchmore tolearnabouttheinteresting historyand culture of the United Kingdom.Studying the history of thecountry will make your visit much more enjoyable.The capitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportcitythathasahistorydatingallthewaybac
26、ktoRomantimes.Thereare countless historic sites to explore,and lots of museums withancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.TheUKisafascinatingmixofhistoryandmodernculture,withbothnewandoldtraditions.Ifyou keep your eyes open,you will be surprised to find that youcanseebothitspastanditspresent.英国的历史文化引人入胜,可学之处
27、比比皆是。学习这个国家的历史,你的英国之旅将更愉快。以首都伦敦为第一站,是个不错的选择。伦敦是一个古老的港口城市,其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。市内可供游览的历史遗址数不胜数,还有许多博物馆陈列着来自英国各地的文物。在英国,历史与现代文化交融,新旧传统并存,引人入胜。用心去观察,英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前,令你叹为观止。TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,Englandmanypeopleareconfusedby1._thesedifferentnamesmean.Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWales2._
28、(join)totheKingdomofEngland.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,thesouthernpartofIreland3._(break)awayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnametoday.However,mostpeoplejustusethe4._(shorten)name:theUK.whatwasjoinedbrokeshortened课文语法填空课文语法填空T
29、hefourcountries5._belongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.TherewerefoursetsofinvadersandthelastgroupweretheNormans.Theyhadcastles6._(build)allaroundEnglandandmadechangestothelegalsystem.Studyingthehistory_7_thecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmore8._(enjoy).ThecapitalcityLondonis9._ancientportcitythathasahistory10._(date)backtoRomantimes.thatbuiltenjoyableandatingof