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1、 A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS英文诗歌的几种简单形式There are various reasons why people compose poetry. 人们作诗有着各种各样的理由。 Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the readers mind. 有些诗是为了叙事，或是描述读者脑海中的某个形象，有些诗歌试图传达某些诸如喜悦、悲伤之类的情感。 Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow. Th
2、e distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, descriptive and vivid language, integrated imagery, literary devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. 诗歌的显著特点通常包括：用词简洁；语言描述生动、形象；具备整合的意象；使用明喻和暗喻等文学手法；词、行、押韵、节奏等的编排。 Poets
3、 use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. 诗人用许多不同形式的诗歌来表达他们自己。Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.现在我们来看一些比较简单的（诗歌）形式。知识点：1. compose poetry 作诗2. convey feelings表达感情 3. a few of 一些Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually
4、the traditional poems or folk songs. 幼儿最早学习的一些英文诗歌是童谣，它们通常是传统的诗歌或民歌。The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline. 这些童谣的语言简单明了，像诗歌A，但带有故事情节。 Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. 许多孩子喜欢童谣，因为他们押韵，
5、节奏感强，并且经常重复相同的词汇。The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite童谣不一定有什么意义，甚至（有的）看起来自相矛盾，但是他们容易学，也容易背诵。. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。AHush, little baby, dont say a word,Papas gonna buy
6、you a mockingbird.If that mockingbird wont sing,Papas gonna buy you a diamond ring.If that diamond ring turns to brass,Papas gonna buy you a looking glass.If that looking-glass gets broke,Papas gonna buy you a billy goat.If that billy goat wont pull,Papas gonna buy you a cart and bull.小宝宝，别说话，爸爸给你买嘲
7、鸫。小嘲鸫，不会唱，爸爸给你买钻戒。钻石戒，变成铜，爸爸给你买镜子。小镜子，打破了，爸爸给你买只公山羊。公山羊，拽不动，爸爸买辆牛车把它拉。知识点：1. nursery rhyme2. folk song3. to the point4. make sense 有意义One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme. 最简单的一种诗歌就是“清单诗”
8、，它包含了一系列事物、人物、思想或描写，这些都形成一个特定的主题。List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. 清单诗可长可短，可以重复一些短语，较为灵活，这就形成了这种诗的模式和节奏。Some rhyme (like B and C), while others do not.有些清单诗有韵脚（如B和C），但有一些没有。BMotherHundreds of stars in the deep blue sky,Hun
9、dreds of shells on the shore together,Hundreds of birds that go singing by,Hundreds of bees in the sunny weather,Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn,Hundreds of bees in the purple clover,Hundreds of butterflies on the lawn,But only one mother the world over.George CooperB母亲数百颗星星挂在深蓝的天空，数百颗贝壳遍布悠长的
10、海岸，数百只鸟儿鸣唱飞过，数百只蜜蜂在阳光下往返，数百滴露珠迎接黎明，数百只蜜蜂飞舞在紫色的草原，数百只蝴蝶在原野飞舞，可只有一个母亲，在这茫茫的世间。乔治库珀CLIFELife can be good,Life can be bad,Life is mostly cheerful,but sometimes sadLife can be dreams,Life can be great thoughtsLife can mean a person,Sitting in court.C生活生活可能美满，生活可能悲伤，生活时常充满欢乐，但有时令人沮丧。生活可能是梦想，生活可能是伟大的思想，生活也
11、可能意味着一个人坐在被告席上。知识点：1. a list of 2. one of +最高级+cn.复数+V单数Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. 另外一种（诗歌）业余爱好者容易写的形式简单的诗叫五行诗，是由五行组成的。 With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. Look at the exam
12、ple (D).用五行诗，你可以用少量的词语描绘一幅动人的画面或一种特定的心情。看例子（D）。DBrotherBeautiful, athleticTeasing, shouting, laughingFriend and enemy tooMineD兄弟爱美，又爱运动爱闹，爱叫，又爱笑是我的朋友也是我的敌人知识点：1. be made up of 由.组成Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. 俳句诗是一种日本诗歌类型，它由17个音节组成。It has a format of three lines,
13、 containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. 它的格式是三行，分别包含5、7和5个音节。 It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers. 它不是英文诗歌的传统形式，但是在用英语写作的人们中间，这种诗很流行。 It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using v
14、ery few words. 它容易写，而且像五行诗一样，可以用很少的词语呈现出清晰的画面，表达出特殊的情感。 The haiku poem (E) on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.右边的俳句诗（E）是从日文翻译过来的，他展现了一只优美的蝴蝶生命中的一瞬间。EA fallen blossomIs coming back to the branch.Look,a butterfly!E落下的花朵回到了树枝上。瞧啊，是只蝴蝶！知
15、识点：1. consist of 组成2. be popular with 受欢迎English speakers also enjoy poems from China, those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. 说英语的人也喜欢中国的诗歌，尤其是唐朝的诗歌。A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English, such as this one (F).许多唐诗已经被翻译成英文了，比如这一首诗（F）。FWhere she awaits her husbandOn and on the rive
16、r flows.Never looking back,Transformed into stone.Day by day upon the mountain top,wind and rain revolve.Should the traveller return,this stone would utter speech.Wang JianF望夫处，江悠悠。化为石，不回头。山头日日，风复雨。行人归来，石应语。王建With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poe
17、ms of your own. Give it a try!有了这么多不同的诗歌类型可供选择，你最终也许想自己作诗了。试一试吧！知识点：1. in particular 尤其2. translate into 翻译课文语法填空There are 1 _ (vary) reasons why people write poetry. Some poems tell 2_ story or describe something in a way that will give readers a strong impression. Others try to convey certain emot
18、ions. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express 3_ (they). Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes,4 _may not make i sense and even seem contradictory, but are easy to learn and recite. One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem” 5 _a flexible li
19、ne length and repeated phrases. Another simple form of poem that amateurs can 6_ (easy) write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. Besides, haiku is a Japanese form of poetry7_ ( consist) of 17 syllables. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, 8_ it is very popular with English writers. English speakers also enjoy poems from China, especially Tang poetry. A lot of Tang poetry9_ (translate) into English in the past decades. With so many different forms of poetry10_ (choose) from, you can even write your own poems.高一英语 第 13页 (共4页) 高一英语 第 14页 (共4页)学科网（北京）股份有限公司