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1、Iamthekingofthewholeworld.Whatdoesthelionsay?第1页/共31页DirectSpeechandReportedSpeech引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引述别人的原话,叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来,叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来,叫 _。间接引语间接引语直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来,括起来,引号引号“”间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句宾语从句第2页/共31页DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechShesaid,“Ilikesinging.”
2、Shesaid,“Iamwaitingforabus.”Shesaid,“IvisitedEuropelastyear.”Shesaid(that)shelikedsinging.She said(that)she was waiting for abus.Shesaid(that)shehadvisitedEuropetheyearbefore.第3页/共31页SUMMARY 直直接接引引语语是是陈陈述述句句,变变为为间间接接引引语语时时用用连连词词that引引导导宾宾语语从从句句.从从句句中中的的人人称称、时时态态、指指示示代代词词、时时间间状状语语、地地点点状语状语等相应变化等相应变化.
3、第4页/共31页一、如何变人称:口诀:一随主。二随宾,第三不变。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.”Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.第5页/共31页“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾
4、语一致。如果引号外的号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:HesaidtoKate,Youareabeautifulgirl.HesaidtoKatethatshewasabeautifulgirl.第6页/共31页“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.”Mr.Smithsaid(that)Jackwasagoodboy.第7页/共31页直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般
5、现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时时态变化2 2过去完成时过去完成时第8页/共31页Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.注注:直引若是客观真理直引若是客观真理,变为间引时变为间引时,时态不变时态不变.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.第9页/共31页解题步骤解题步骤:1.1.陈述句陈述句“Idontlikecomputers,”
6、HuangWeisaidtohisfriends.HuangWeisaidtohisfriendsthatIdontlikecomputers.didntheHuangWeisaidtohisfriendsthathedidntlikecomputers.第10页/共31页“Do you know my name?”She asked meI knew her name.Whether/if是否是否2.一般疑问句:直接引语是一般疑问句直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时变为间接引语时,用连词用连词 if或或whether连接。连接。第11页/共31页“What are you doing?”S
7、he asked meI was doing.what3 3直接引语是直接引语是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时变为间接引语时,仍用仍用原来原来的疑问词的疑问词作连词来引导。作连词来引导。第13页/共31页“How does she go to school?”She asked meShe went to school.how第14页/共31页SUMMARY 直直接接引引语语是是疑疑问问句句,变变间间接接引引语语时时,要从疑问语序变为要从疑问语序变为陈述语序陈述语序。直直接接引引语语是是一一般般疑疑问问句句,变变为为间间接接引引语时语时,用连词用连词 if或或whether连接。连接。直
8、直接接引引语语是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句,变变为为间间接接引引语时语时,仍用仍用原来原来的疑问词的疑问词作连词来引导。作连词来引导。第15页/共31页注意事项1)1)人称人称2)2)时态时态 3)3)相应的时间地点状语相应的时间地点状语4)4)标点符号标点符号5 5)大小写大小写6 6)问号改为句号问号改为句号7 7)语序语序-疑问改陈述疑问改陈述8 8)宾语从句由什么引出宾语从句由什么引出第16页/共31页Exercises:1).BettysaystoHarry,Iwanttoborrowyourbook.”2).Myteachersaid,“sheisagoodstudent.”Betty
9、saystoHarry(that)shewantstoborrowhisBook.Myteachersaidthatshewasagoodstudent.第17页/共31页Exercises:1).BettysaystoHarry,Iwanttoborrowyourbook.”2).Myteachersaid,“sheisagoodstudent.”BettysaystoHarry(that)shewantstoborrowhisBook.Myteachersaidthatshewasagoodstudent.第18页/共31页3)Sheaskedme,”Doyouagreewithme?”4
10、)Anneaskedhermother,“Isthereanydeliciousfoodtoeat?”SheaskedmeifIagreedwithher.Anneaskedhermotheriftherewasanydeliciousfoodtoeat.第19页/共31页5)“Whatareyougoingtodo?”heasked.6)“Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?”askedMr.Zhang.HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodo.Mr.ZhangaskedhowIwenttoschooleveryday.第20页/共31页1.Shesaidtom
11、e“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?”Sheaskedme_interestedinscience.2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?”Heaskedhim_buytheredcoat.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?”Shirleyaskedme_born.4.“Whatswrongwithyou?”Lilyaskedme.Lilyaskedme_with_.5.Thegirlaskedme“Whathappened?”Thegirlaskedme_.Exercises:whyIwaswh
12、enhewouldwhereIwaswhatwaswrongmewhathadhappened第21页/共31页注意:以下几种情况时态注意:以下几种情况时态不变不变直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是客观真理。Theteacher said Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaroundthesunearth.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。变为间接引语时,时态不变。如:如:Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.
13、直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。Jacksaid.“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme”JacksaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.JacksaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.第22页/共31页直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如:或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如:Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。”如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不如
14、果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变再变(例:(例:could,should,would,might)Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”和已经是过去时的形式时和已经是过去时的形式时,例:oughtto,hadbetter,usedtoPetersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.第23页/共31页 1.
15、“Whereisshefrom?”Heaskedwhereshewasfrom.2.“Howoldarethey?”Heaskedhowoldtheywere.3.“Whatstheweatherliketoday?”Heaskedwhattheweatherwaslikethatday.4.“Howdoyougotoschool?.”Heasked howyouwenttoschool.5.“Whoissinging?”Heasked whowassinging.6.“Whendoyougetup?”HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup.第24页/共31页now-thennow-
16、thenyesterday-thedaybeforeyesterday-thedaybeforetoday-thatdaytoday-thatdaytomorrow-thenextdaytomorrow-thenextdaylastweek/year-theweek/yearbeforelastweek/year-theweek/yearbeforethisweek/year-thatweek/yearthisweek/year-thatweek/yearnextweek/year-thenextweek/yearnextweek/year-thenextweek/yearaweek/year
17、ago-aweek/yearbeforeaweek/yearago-aweek/yearbefore直接引语中的直接引语中的时间状语时间状语转换规则:转换规则:1.第25页/共31页2 2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则:、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则:33、直接引语中动词、直接引语中动词comecome在间接引语中用在间接引语中用gogo:4 4、直接引语中副词、直接引语中副词herehere在间接引语中用在间接引语中用therethere:5、如果是在当天或在原地转达,则上述时间状语或地点状语一律不变:不变:thisthisthatthatthesethesethosethose第26页/共
18、31页4.直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法 间接引语应改为“tell(ask,order等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。She said,“Dont talk.”She asked the children She said,“Be quiet.”She asked me She said,“Put up you hands if you have anyquestions.She told ustoputupourhandsifwehadanyquestions.tobequiet.nottotalk.第27页/共31页DirectSpeechReportedSpeech“Nev
19、erdothatagain,”theteachersaidThepolicemanorderedustobequiet.Thepolicemanordered:“Bequiet.”Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow Theteachersaidtotheboy,”Openthewindow.”Theteachertoldmenot/nevertodothatagain“Waitamoment”shesaidtothem.Sheaskedthemtowaitamoment.第28页/共31页 直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语,直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语,把动词原形变成把动词原形变成动词不定式动词不定式,并在动词不,并在动词不定前加定前加tell,ask,order,advise等动等动词的宾语。词的宾语。注意:注意:否定句,在动词不定式前加否定句,在动词不定式前加not或或never.SUMMARY第29页/共31页第30页/共31页感谢您的观看!第31页/共31页