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1、引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一一.原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语;二.用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语.第1页/共51页）人称的变化）人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二二随随宾宾三三不不变变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称在变间引后去人称不变称不变She said,“I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennis
2、He said to Lily,“you must get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earlyShe said to me,“They want tohelp him”She told me that That they wanted help him一随主，二随宾，三不变一随主，二随宾，三不变第2页/共51页直接引语时态直接引语时态直接引语时态直接引语时态间接引语时态间接引语时态间接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时
3、一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时第3页/共51页nowthentodayThat daytonightThat nightagoBefore/earlieryesterdayThe day beforelast nightThe night beforetomorrowThe next/following daynext The next/following 直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：第4页/共51页记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this,thesetha
4、t,those时间状语nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek.thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek.thenextweek地点状语herethere动词comego第5页/共51页thisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek（month，year）thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothisweekthatweek第6页/共51页一、如何变人称
5、：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme.”Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher.第7页/共51页Theboysaid,”Imreadingabook.”Directspeech直接引语直接引语Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Reportedspeech间接引语间接引语.第8页/共51页“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语
6、变间接引是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：也可以用第一人称，如：HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?”HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。第9页/共51页“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smith
7、said,“Jackisagoodboy.”Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.第10页/共51页Practice:1)He said,“My brother failed in the exam.”He said _brother had failed in the exam.2)He said to Mary,“How is your mother now?”he asked Mary how _mother was then.3)My teacher said,she is a good student.My teacher said _was a good stud
8、ent4)He said to me,“Ive left her book in your room”He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.hishershehehermy第11页/共51页Hesays,“IsTomastudentorateacher？”HeaskswhetherTomisastudentorateacher.Heaskedme,Doyoulikeplayingfootball?“Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.Mysisteraskedme:“Whatisyourfriend?
9、”Mysisteraskedmewhatmyfriendwas.Jackaskedme,Howdoyoulikethefilm?JackaskedmehowIlikedthefilm.Thesoliderordered,“Bequiet.”Thesoliderorderedustobequiet.Hesaidtoher,“Openthedoor,please.”Heaskedhertoopenthedoor.Shesays,“IwillgotoBeijingnextmonth.”Shesays(that)shewillgotoBeijingthenextmonth.Heoftensays“Is
10、halltellyouaboutthem.”Heoftentellsmethathewilltellmeaboutthem.第12页/共51页记住：动词时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时cancouldmaymight第13页/共51页1陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）一般现在时Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”现在进行时Hesaid,“Imwritingaletter.”一般将来时Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般过去时过去进
11、行时过去将来时HesaidthathecoulddowellinEnglish.Hesaidthathewaswritingaletter.Tomtoldmethathewouldcallmethenextday.第14页/共51页注：如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。Hesays,“Imnotgoodatmath.”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.第15页/共51页注意注意：(1)如果在当天转述如果在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等等时间状语也不必改变时间状语也不必改变。(2)如果在当地转述，如果在当地转述，here
12、不必改为不必改为there，动词，动词come不必改为不必改为go.(3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：时态不变。如：1.Hesaid,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.Hesaidthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.(4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。也经常用一般现在时。Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.第
13、16页/共51页I I cancan speak three languages.speak three languages.He He saidsaid he he couldcould speak speak three languages.three languages.Whatdidhesay?第17页/共51页IammadatMarcia.HesaidhewasmadatMarcia.Whatdidhesay?第18页/共51页WearehavingapartyforLana.Whatdidtheysay?TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana.第19
14、页/共51页shewashard-working,I am hard-working.Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshewasnotlazy.Whatdidshesay?ShesaidI am not lazy.第20页/共51页he was good at playing basketball.What did he say?He saidIm good at playing basketball.第21页/共51页I am good at English.ShesaidshewasgoodatEnglish.Whatdidshesay?Whatdidshesay?I do w
15、ell in English.ShesaidshedidwellinEnglish.do well inI do well in English.第22页/共51页IgotobeacheverySunday.Whatdidhesay?Hesaidhe_.wenttobeacheverySunday第23页/共51页Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshe_.wouldcallmetomorrowIwillcallyoutomorrow.第24页/共51页“Whatareyoudoing?”SheaskedmeI was doing.what第25页/共51页“Why do you li
16、ke English?”HeaskedmeI liked Englishwhy第26页/共51页“Wheredoeshelive?”Sheaskedmehe lived.where第27页/共51页“Howdoesshegotoschool?”SheaskedmeShe went to school.how第28页/共51页“Doyouknowmyname?”SheaskedmeI knew her name.Whether/if是否是否第29页/共51页Whendoyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouhavemathyou have ma
17、th.hehadTheyaskedhimwhenhe had math.Summary(总结总结)1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语第30页/共51页Doyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouhavemathyou have math.hehadTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhe had math.2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语第31页/共51页将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语:1.Lanasaid,Imgoingtohaveasurprisepartyfor
18、Maria.LanasaidthatshewasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria.第32页/共51页Canyouplaythepiano?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifYoucanplaythepianoyou can play the piano.hecouldTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhe could play the piano.第33页/共51页1.Shesaidtome“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?”Sheaskedme_interestedinscience.
19、2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?”Heaskedhim_buytheredcoat.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?”Shirleyaskedme_born.4.“Whatswrongwithyou?”Lilyaskedme.Lilyaskedme_with_.5.Thegirlaskedme“Whathappened?”Thegirlaskedme_.Exercises:whyIwaswhenhewouldwhereIwaswhatwaswrongmewhathappened第34页/共51页1.“Whereis
20、shefrom?”Heaskedwhereshewasfrom.2.“Howoldarethey?”Heaskedhowoldtheywere.3.“Whatstheweatherliketoday?”Heaskedwhattheweatherwaslikethatday.4.“Howdoyougotoschool?.”Heaskedhowyouwenttoschool.5.“Whoissinging?”Heaskedwhowassinging.6.“Whendoyougetup?”HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup.第35页/共51页直接引语转间接引语其他部分变化hereove
21、r heretonightnowtodayyesterdaytomorrowlast week/month/yearnext week/month/yearagothe day after tomorrowthisthesecomebringthereover therethat nightthenthat daythe day beforethe next daythe week/moth/yearbeforethe next week/month/yearbeforetwo days laterthatthosegotake第36页/共51页1、直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：2、直接引语中
22、的指示代词转换规则：3、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语或地点状语一律不变：thisthatthesethose第37页/共51页2.Theteachersaid,Mystudentsarehard-working.Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehardworking.3.TomtoldJane,Iwilllendmybicycletoyou.TomtoldJanethathewouldlendhisbicycletoher/Jane.第38页/
23、共51页5.Shesaidtohim,“Itstimetogohome.”4.Mr.Wangsaid,“IwillleaveforShanghainextmonth.”Mr.WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaithenextmonth.Shetoldhimthatitwastimetogohome.第39页/共51页2.直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1）一般疑问句。用）一般疑问句。用whether或或if(是否）是否）引导。引导。主句中的动词是主句中的动词
24、是said时改为时改为asked，没有间接宾，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语语的，可以加一个间接宾语me/him/her。Eg.Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”疑问语序疑问语序Heaskedmewhether/ifIwasastudent.陈述语序第40页/共51页2)特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”Fatheraskedhisson.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthes
25、mallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序第41页/共51页3.当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,等,而把直接引语的祈使句变成带(not)to的不定式短语。句型：tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth如:第42页/共51页1Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。”Theteachertoldthestudentstosto
26、ptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。2.Theteachersaidtous,”Dontplayinclass.Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.第43页/共51页changethedirectspeechintoreportedspeech1Thegirlsaid,“Iwillhaveaparty.”Thegirlsaid(that)shewouldhaveaparty.2Heaskedme,“Isyourfatheradoctor?”Heaskedmeif/whethermyfatherwasadoctor.3Thepoliceaskedt
27、heman,“Whereareyougoing?”Thepoliceaskedthemanwherehewasgoing.第44页/共51页4MothersaidtoTom,“getupearlier!”Mothertold/askedTomtogetupearlier.5Theteachersaidtous,“Donttalkinclass!”Theteachertold/askedusnottotalkinclass.6Theteachersaid,“Themoongoesaroundtheearth.”Theteachersaid(that)themoongoesaroundtheear
28、th.第45页/共51页1.“IamgoodatEnglish,”Lucysaid.2.“LiLeiisreadingabook,”PetersaidtoLucy.3.“Wewillhaveafootballmatch,”hetoldhismother.LucysaidshewasgoodatEnglish.PetertoldLucythatLiLeiwasreadingabook.Hetoldhismothertheywouldhaveafootballmatch.二.把下列句子变为间接引语。第46页/共51页4.“TheygotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayan
29、dSunday,”theboysaid.TheboysaidtheywenttoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday.5.Sheaskedme,Whydoyouwanttodothis?SheaskedmewhyIwantedtodothat.第47页/共51页Summary1当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)引导主语（said)that+句子（时态往过去推told2当直接引语是一般疑问句:用if引导whether主语（asked)if+一般疑问句(主谓结构）whether窍门（do/does/did去掉）（be/can/may/must/will/sho
30、uld放主语后）第48页/共51页3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（what/where等）主语asked+what特殊疑问句（主谓）where4当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：主语+toldsb(not)todosthaskedordered第49页/共51页8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.He_Ihadseenhertheweek_.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He_Jimthathe_sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother_fou
31、ndit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_been_days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked_knewwhereshe_.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.He_thechildren_makingsomuchnoise.14.“Donttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldme_himthenews.15.“Areyouintestedinthis?”hesaid.He_Iwasinterestdin_.ifaskedtoldbeforeshecouldwherehowhadihadthoselivediifstoptotoldtonotaskedtellifthat第50页/共51页感谢您的观看！第51页/共51页