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1、第一部分 教材知识梳理八年级下册 Units 121核心知识导览2重点指导航标3必备知识精析4核心素养提升 1 核心知识导览 2 重点指导航标一、重点词汇一、重点词汇Unit 11.north_（形容词）形容词）2.marry_（形容词）形容词）3.wife_（复数形式）复数形式）4.pollute_（名词）名词）5.factory_（复数形式）复数形式）6.possible_（反义词）反义词）_（名词）名词）municate_（名词）名词）8.past_（反义词）反义词）9.recent_（副词）副词）10.environment_（形容词）形容词）3 northernmarriedwive
2、spollutionfactoriesimpossiblepossibilitycommunicationpresentrecentlyenvironmentalUnit 21.travel_（动名词）动名词）_（名词名词,指人）指人）2.magic_（形容词）形容词）3.feel_（过去式过去式/过去过去分词）分词）_（名词）名词）4 4.die_（形容词）形容词）_（名词）名词）_（现在分词）现在分词）5.beauty_（形容词）形容词）travellingtravellermagicalfeltfeelingdeaddeathdyingbeautiful二二、重点短语、重点短语Unit
3、11._ to 曾经曾经（用于过去持续（用于过去持续或或 经常经常发生的事）发生的事）2.in some _ 在在某种程度上某种程度上3._ _ to 习惯习惯于于4._ ones _ 某人的一生某人的一生5.go _ 出国出国 5 6.keep _ _ 保持联系保持联系7._ into 把把变成变成8.from _ to time 不时不时，偶尔，有时，偶尔，有时9._ the _ 在黑暗中在黑暗中10._ space 开阔开阔的空地的空地usedwaysbe/getusedalllifeabroadintouchturntimeindarkopen 6 Unit 21._ the _ of
4、 在在末尾末尾2._ after 追逐追逐3._ the _ 顺便说一下顺便说一下4._ for a _ 去野餐去野餐5._ for 前往前往6.enjoy _ 玩得开心玩得开心7._ as 例如例如8.a _ of 一对一对；几个；几个9._ ready 准备好准备好10.on _ 出差出差atendrunbywaygopicnicleaveoneselfsuchcouplegetbusiness知识点知识点 1 现在现在完成时（完成时（Unit 1）（详）（详见见“语法专项复习语法专项复习”部分）部分）知识点知识点 2 辨析辨析 since 与与 for（Unit 1）since 意意为为
5、“自从自从”，与现在完成时连用与现在完成时连用。For 主要主要用于现在完成时和一般过去时。用于现在完成时和一般过去时。常见结构如下：常见结构如下：1.“since+过去的时间点（如年、月、日、钟点等）过去的时间点（如年、月、日、钟点等）”。例如：。例如：I have been here since 1989.2.“since+一段时间一段时间+ago”意为意为“自从自从前前”。例如：例如：I have been here since five months ago.必备知识精析 7 3.“since+从句从句”，从句用一般过去时。例如：，从句用一般过去时。例如：Great changes h
6、ave taken place since you left.4.“It is+一段时间一段时间+since+从句从句”或或“It has been+时间段时间段+since+从句从句”。例如：。例如：It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.5.since 作作连词时，意为连词时，意为“因为，既然，鉴于因为，既然，鉴于”。例如：。例如：Since the rain has stopped，lets go for a walk.6.“for+时间段时间段”用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：My br
7、other has been in the Youth League for two years.注意：在注意：在肯定句中，肯定句中，与与for，since 连用连用构成时间状语的动词要用延续性动词。构成时间状语的动词要用延续性动词。8 小试牛刀小试牛刀知识知识点点 3 辨析辨析 yet，already 与与 still（Unit 1）1.yet 意为意为“尚未尚未”，常用于完成时态的否定句和疑问句中，位于句末。例如：，常用于完成时态的否定句和疑问句中，位于句末。例如：I cant go to the cinema,because I havent finished the work yet.
8、2.already 意为意为“已经已经”，表示某事的发生比预期要早，常用于完成时态的肯定句，表示某事的发生比预期要早，常用于完成时态的肯定句中。例如：中。例如：When I got to the bus stop,the bus had already left.3.still 意为意为“仍，还仍，还”，表示某事仍在继续，比预期结束得晚，用于各种句式，常，表示某事仍在继续，比预期结束得晚，用于各种句式，常位于句中。例如：位于句中。例如：Its ten oclock,but the mother is still waiting for her son.9 小试牛刀小试牛刀知识知识点点 4 ma
9、rry 的的用法（用法（Unit 1）marry 既既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意为可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意为“结婚；嫁；娶结婚；嫁；娶”。常见用。常见用法如下：法如下：1.marry sb.意意为为“嫁给某人；娶某人；与嫁给某人；娶某人；与结婚结婚”。例如：例如：John married Mary last week.2.be/get married to sb.意意为为“与某人结婚与某人结婚”。Marry 是非是非延续性动词，它在完成延续性动词，它在完成时中不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：时中不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：She got married t
10、o a firefighter.10 3.have been married(to sb.)意意为为“已经（与某人）结婚已经（与某人）结婚”，表示状态，后面常跟，表示状态，后面常跟“for+一段时间一段时间”。例如：。例如：They have been married for 13 years.4.marry 用作用作不及物动词时，往往用副词或介词短语来修饰。例如：不及物动词时，往往用副词或介词短语来修饰。例如：She married very early.11 小试牛刀小试牛刀知识知识点点 5 辨析辨析 used to do sth.，be/get used to(doing)sth.与与
11、be used to do sth.（Unit 1）1.used to do sth.意意为为“过去常常做某事过去常常做某事”。例如：。例如：I used to listen to music before sleeping.2.be/get used to(doing)sth.意意为为“习惯于（做）某事习惯于（做）某事”，to 为为介词，后接名词、介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。例如：代词或动名词。例如：I am used to listening to music before sleeping.3.be used to do sth.意意为为“被用来做某事被用来做某事”，相当于相当于 be
12、 used for doing sth.。例如：。例如：The machine is used to wash bowls.（相当于相当于The machine is used for washing bowls.）12 小试牛刀小试牛刀知识知识点点 6 Its+形容词（形容词（+for/of sb.）+to do sth.句型句型的用法（的用法（Unit 2）1.It is+形容词形容词+to do sth.句型句型中，中，it 在在句中作形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的句中作形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。有时动词不定式有自己的逻辑主语，常动词不定式短语。有时动词不定式有自己的
13、逻辑主语，常由由 for/of sb.构成构成。2.当当句型中的形容词描述的是事物的特征、性质等时，介词句型中的形容词描述的是事物的特征、性质等时，介词用用 for。这类形容词有。这类形容词有easy，difficult，interesting，funny，dangerous，important，useful，impossible等等。3.当当句型中的形容词描述的是行为者的性格、品质等时，介词句型中的形容词描述的是行为者的性格、品质等时，介词用用 of。这类形容词。这类形容词有有 kind，nice，friendly，right，clever，polite，careless，cute等。例如：
14、等。例如：Its interesting for us to play games in the park，but I think its impolite of us to make so much noise in public.13 小试牛刀小试牛刀知识点知识点 7 辨析辨析 have been to，have gone to 与与 have been in/at（Unit 2）1.have been to 意意为为“曾去过某地曾去过某地”，人已经回来，强调经历，常，人已经回来，强调经历，常与与 just，ever，never 连用连用，后面可接表示次数的副词。例如：，后面可接表示次数的
15、副词。例如：Sanya is a beautiful city.I have been there twice.2.have gone to 意意为为“到某地去了到某地去了”，指人不在说话现场，一般不用第一人称和，指人不在说话现场，一般不用第一人称和第二人称作主语。例如：第二人称作主语。例如：My uncle Mike has gone to Wuhan.He is not at home now.3.have been in/at 意意为为“待在某地待在某地”，表示状态，常接表示时间段的状语，表示状态，常接表示时间段的状语，如如 since 1996，for six days。例如：。例如：
16、His grandparents have been in Shanghai for about forty years.14 注意注意:（1）当当 have been to 和和 have gone to 后跟后跟某些地点副词，某些地点副词，如如 home，here，there 等等时，时，介词介词 to 要要省略。省略。（2）在在 have been in/at 中中，通常通常 in 后后接大地点，接大地点，at 后后接小地点。接小地点。15 小试牛刀小试牛刀知识知识点点 8 辨析辨析 except，except for，besides 与与 but（Unit 2）16 易混词（组）易混词
17、（组）含义及用法含义及用法例句例句except意意为为“将将排除在外排除在外”，不，不包含在包含在整体之内，与整体是一种排除关系整体之内，与整体是一种排除关系They all went to the park last Saturday except Lucy.except for意为意为“除除之外之外”，表示对整体主表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正作用分修正作用Your composition is good except for some over colouring here and there.续表 17 小试牛刀小试牛刀易混词（组）易
18、混词（组）含义及用法含义及用法例句例句besides意为意为“除除之外，还有之外，还有”，包含包含在整体之内，与整体是一种累加关系在整体之内，与整体是一种累加关系I like to learn Maths besides Chemistry.but和和 except 的用法基本相同，但着重强的用法基本相同，但着重强调整句的内容，且习惯上用于调整句的内容，且习惯上用于 every，all，any，nothing，who 等词后等词后Nobody came but me.知识知识点点 9 辨析辨析 at the end of，by the end of 和和 in the end（Unit 2）1
19、.at the end of 意意为为“在在末尾，在末尾，在的尽头的尽头”，后，后接时间或地点，其反义接时间或地点，其反义词组词组为为 at the beginning of。例如：。例如：The bookshop is at the end of the street.2.by the end of 意意为为“到到末为止末为止”，常用，常用于一般将来时或过去完成时。例如：于一般将来时或过去完成时。例如：Let me know by the end of the week.3.in the end 意意为为“最后最后”，多用于一般过去时，多用于一般过去时，相当于相当于 finally 或或 a
20、t last，此时不，此时不能能和和 of 连用连用。例如：。例如：In the end，we found the house.18 小试牛刀小试牛刀一、单项选择一、单项选择1.Millie isnt here.She has _ to the library.A.gone B.go C.went D.going2.All of you went to the zoo _ Wang Tao.He has to finish his homework.A.besides B.with C.except D.beside3.Have you finished your homework _?Yes
21、,Ive done it _.A.yet;already B.already;yet C.ever;never D.still;just核心素养提升 19 ACA4.I have been a student _ 1997.I have studied here _ about 10 years.A.since;for B.for;since C.before;for D.in;after5.He used to _ in a village,but now he has been used to _ in the big city.A.live;living B.live;live C.li
22、ving;living D.living;live6.Maths is too difficult.I nearly give it up.Nothing is _ if you put your heart into it.A.possible B.impossible C.important D.interesting7.I felt _ when I heard the _ news.A.exciting;excited B.excited;exciting C.exciting;exciting D.excited;excited 20 AABB8.Mr and Mrs Liu bot
23、h like travelling.They have been to many cities since they _.A.have been married B.have got married C.got married D.have married9.Whats your favourite park in Nanning?Nanhu Park.I _ that park many times.A.have gone in B.have been in C.have gone to D.have been to10._,we watched fireworks near the squ
24、are.A.In the end B.In the end of C.At the end D.At the end of 21 CDA二、单词拼写二、单词拼写根据括号内所给的中文提示，正确拼写单词。根据括号内所给的中文提示，正确拼写单词。1.Her _(丈夫丈夫)has been in China since last month.2.Its _(不可能的不可能的)to finish the work in such a short time.3.Moon cakes are very _(美味的美味的).I like them very much.4.They left for the _
25、(机场机场)in the early morning.5.My uncle often goes to Guangzhou on _(公事公事).22 husbandimpossibledeliciousairportbusiness三、词形变换三、词形变换根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Have you got a letter from your pen friend _(recent)?2.Have you _(see)any films before,Sally?3.The _(pollute)here is more serio
26、us than that in the small town.4.We should learn to _(communication)with different people.5.My aunt has been _(marry)for two years.23 recentlyseenpollutioncommunicatemarried四、选词填空四、选词填空根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，每词限用一次根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，每词限用一次。Taiwan is in the southeast of China.It is famous _ bananas,r
27、ice and tea.Sun Moon Lake is one of the most _ places in Taiwan.It is the only _ big lake in Taiwan.The mountains around the lake and the clear water in it make the lake _ like a beautiful picture.Taipei 101 is one of the highest _ in the world.It is 508 metres high and has 101 _.There is a viewing
28、platform(观观景景台台)_ the 89th floor.When you _ there,you can get a birds-eye view of the whole Taipei.More and more people now like to _ Taiwan and enjoy _ there.24 buildings interesting visit floors for natural themselves look stand onforinterestingnaturallookbuildingsfloorsonstandvisitthemselves知识点知识
29、点 2 辨析辨析 since 与与 for（Unit 1）小试牛刀小试牛刀 1.He has lived in the small village _ 1995.2.Mary has been away from America _ ten years.since forsincefor知识点知识点 3 辨析辨析 yet，already 与与 still（Unit 1）小试牛刀小试牛刀1.She hasnt returned the bike to me _.2.I have _ been to the Great Wall twice.3.It was _ 10 oclock at nigh
30、t.Jim was _ playing in the living room.yet already stillyetalreadyalreadystill知识点知识点 4 marry 的用法（的用法（Unit 1）小试牛刀小试牛刀1.My grandparents _(marry)for sixty years.2.My best friend _(marry)last week.3.She _(marry)a doctor.have been married(got)marriedgot married to/married知识点知识点 5 辨析辨析 used to do sth.，be/
31、get used to(doing)sth.与与 be used to do sth.（Unit 1）小试牛刀小试牛刀1.My little brother _ be lazy.But now he is working really hard.A.used to B.is used to C.was used to D.use to2.I happened to know that my father used to _ stamps.A.collect B.collecting C.to collect D.to collecting3.John is used to _ a glass
32、of water after he gets up every day.A.drink B.drinking C.to drink D.to drinking4.The knife is used _ things.A.cut B.to cut C.for cut D.cuttingAABB知识点知识点 6 Its+形容词（形容词（+for/of sb.）+to do sth.句型的用法（句型的用法（Unit 2）小试牛刀小试牛刀1.What do you think of tomorrows football match?_ difficult _ us _ the match.A.Were
33、;of;to win B.Its;for;winning C.Its;for;to win D.Its;of;to win2.Its kind _ them to give food and clothes to homeless people.They think it important _ them to do so.A.of;for B.for;of C.of;to D.to;forCA知识点知识点 7 辨析辨析 have been to，have gone to 与与 have been in/at（Unit 2）小试小试牛刀牛刀1.He has never _ South Hill
34、.A.been to B.gone to C.been at D.been in2.Where is your mother?She _ Shanghai on business.A.has been to B.has gone to C.have been at D.have been to3.My parents _ Nanning for about twenty years.A.have been to B.have gone to C.has been at D.have been inABD知识点知识点 8 辨析辨析 except，except for，besides 与与 but
35、（Unit 2）小试牛刀小试牛刀1.Everyone is here _ Jack.Because he has to look after his sister at home.A.for B.except C.besides D.except for2.No one passed the exam _ Jim.A.for B.and C.but D.ifBC知识点知识点 9 辨析辨析 at the end of，by the end of 和和 in the end（Unit 2）小试牛刀小试牛刀1.Its _ the street.2.Amy passed the exam _.3.The students have all paired off _ the term.at the end of by the end of in the end ofat the end ofin the end ofby the end of