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1、第一部分 教材知识梳理八年级下册 Units 781核心知识导览2重点指导航标3必备知识精析4核心素养提升 1 核心知识导览 2 重点指导航标一、重点词汇Unit 71.education_（动词）2.interview_（名词，指采访者）_（动词，表示“和 会晤；接见；采访”）3.medical_（名词）4.treatment_（动词）5.include_（介词，表示“包括，包含”）3 educateinterviewerinterviewmedicinetreatincludingUnit 81.wise_（副词）2.different_（名词）3.harm_（形容词）4.pollutio
2、n_（动词）5.recycle_（名词）4 wiselydifferenceharmfulpolluterecycling二、重点短语Unit 71.go to _ 去看病2.on _ 在飞机（船、火车）上3._ on 继续开展，继续下去4._ _ 分发；提出5._ _ 建起；设立6._ _ ones _ to do something 决定做某事 5 7.be _ of 为自豪8.cant _(to do sth.)负担不起（做 某事）9.get _ 牙疼10.get/be _ to _ sth.习惯做 某事hospitalboardcarryhand outsetupmake up min
3、dproudaffordtoothacheuseddoing 6 Unit 81._ _ 关上（开关）2._ _ 砍倒3._ on/upon 依靠；取决于4._ out 用完，耗尽5._ a _(to sb./sth.)（对）有影响，起作用6.in _ 在正确位置7.take a _ 洗澡8.be _ to our _ 对我们的 健康有害9._ with 处置，处理10._ these small _ 遵循这 些小步骤turn offcut downdependrunmake differenceplaceshowerharmful healthdofollowsteps知识点 1 被动语态（
4、Unit 7、Unit 8）语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。被动语态的基本结构为“主语+be+动词的过去分词”。当主语是动作的执行者时，用主动语态。例如：ORBIS uses the plane as a training centre.当主语是动作的承受者时，用被动语态。例如：The plane is also used as a training centre.必备知识精析 7 小试牛刀知识点 2 辨析 alive，live，lively，living（Unit 8）8 易混词 含义及用法 例句alive形容词，意为“活的，活着的”，
5、可指人或动物，但不能用来指植物。没有比较级和最高级形式，可用作表语、后置定语和宾语补足语He wanted to keep the fish alive.live形容词，意为“有生命的；活的；生动的；现场播出的”，可指物，但不能用来指人。通常作前置定语Only a few live trees were left after the fire.续表 9 易混词 含义及用法 例句lively形容词，意为“有生气的，活泼的”，通常指人和物，可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语She is a lively girl.Everything is lively here.living形容词，意为“活着的，现存
6、的”，指人和物，可作表语和定语The fish is still living.小试牛刀知识点 3 allow 的用法（Unit 8）1.allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。例如：The teacher allows us to discuss the questions in class.2.allow doing sth.意为“被允许做某事”。例如：We dont allow eating in the classroom.3.be allowed to do sth.意为“被允许做某事”。例如：Teenagers should be allowed to cho
7、ose their own clothes.10 小试牛刀知识点 4 afford 的用法（Unit 8）afford 意为“买得起，负担得起”，常置于 can，could，be able to 后，后跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。例如：We can afford a car.Soon they could hardly afford to buy food for themselves.11 小试牛刀知识点 5 proud 的用法（Unit 8）1.proud 是形容词，意为“自豪的，骄傲的”，常用搭配如下：（1）be proud of(doing)sth.意为“为（做）某事感到自豪”。例
8、如：My good friend saved a little girl and I was proud of having such a brave friend.（2）be proud to do sth.意为“为做某事感到自豪”。例如：Im proud to tell you that my classmate has just won the first prize in the short distance race.（3）“be proud+that 从句”意为“很自豪”。例如：Im proud that Im Chinese.12 2.pride 是 proud 的名词形式，意为
9、“自豪，骄傲”。常见固定搭配如下：（1）the pride of 意为“的骄傲”。例如：Though I failed in the English competition，my English teacher said I was the pride of her.（2）take pride in 意为“为感到骄傲”。例如：The old professor takes pride in her students who all get good jobs after graduation.13 小试牛刀一、单项选择1._ is it since you left your primary
10、school?A.How old B.How long C.How far D.How soon2.It is my pleasure _ other people in trouble.A.helps B.helping C.to help D.helped3.Is there _ youd like to say about this trip?A.else something B.something else C.anything else D.else anything 核心素养提升 14 BCC4.Did you go to Jacks birthday party yesterda
11、y?No,I _.A.am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invite5.The old man was _ to cook a good meal for himself.A.so busy B.busy enough C.too busy D.very busy6.It is meaningful _ children to join in charity work at a young age.A.of B.for C.to D.in 15 BCB7.Must we finish the task today?N
12、o,you _.A.mustnt B.dont have C.dont have to D.neednt have to8.These new clothes _ to the children in the village tomorrow.A.are sent B.were sent C.will sent D.will be sent9.Is there a sports meeting in your school?Yes.It _ in November every year.A.holds B.held C.will be held D.is held10._,something
13、terrible happened in Yushu that spring.A.Unlucky B.Unluckily C.Lucky D.Luckily 16 CDDB二、单词拼写根据括号内所给的中文提示，正确拼写单词。1.We must try our best to _(发展)our national economy.2.I cant _(付得起)to buy such an expensive watch.3.Drivers who drive after drinking wine will be _(惩罚).4.Jim always looks _(严肃的)and never l
14、aughs.5.Lisa lives a _(简单的)life although she has a lot of money.17 developaffordpunishedserioussimple三、词形变换根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Lets do something to reduce air _(pollute).2.Mr Li puts his heart into _(educate)because he loves his students.3.The project will be _(finish)next year.4.Its clear that s
15、moking is _(harm)to health.5.Can you tell me the _(different)between the two cities？18 pollutioneducationfinishedharmfuldifference四、选词填空根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，每词限用一次。Hundreds of years ago,life was much _ than it is today.People didnt have machines.There was no modern machine,_.Life today has brought n
16、ew problems.One of the _ is pollution.Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty.It killed the fish and polluted our drinking water.Noise pollution makes us _ louder and become angry more easily.Air pollution is the most serious _ of pollution.Its bad for all the living things in the world.
17、19 biggest harder called talk either kind enough before throw drivinghardereitherbiggesttalkkind Cars,planes and factories all pollute the air.And the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city.This kind of quilt is _ smog.Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution.
18、Factories now must clean their water and gas _ it is discharged(排放).We need to do many other things.We can put waste things in the dustbin and not _ on the ground.We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car.If there are fewer people _,there will be less pollution.Rules are not _.Eve
19、ry person must help to fight the pollution.20 calledbeforethrowdriving enough知识点 1 被动语态（Unit 7、Unit 8）小试牛刀 1.I wont leave my office until my work _.A.finishes B.will be finished C.are finished D.is finished2.Last March,thousands of trees _ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.A.were pla
20、nted B.were planting C.had planted D.plantedDA3.Students _ not to use mobile phones in our school now.A.ask B.asked C.are asked D.were asked4.The thieves _ last month.A.are caught B.was caught C.were caught D.is caughtCC知识点 2 辨析 alive，live，lively，living（Unit 8）小试牛刀1._ concerts are never quite the sa
21、me as we see them on the small screen.A.Lively B.Alive C.Living D.Live2.He is badly ill and is kept _ by a feeding tube.A.lively B.living C.live D.aliveDD3.Some people call the brain a(n)_ computer.A.lively B.living C.live D.alive4.Frank went through his mind after the accident,but he felt lucky sin
22、ce he was still _.A.living B.live C.alive D.livelyBC知识点 3 allow 的用法（Unit 8）小试牛刀1.Would you like to watch a basketball match tonight at the sports centre？Id like to,but my parents dont allow me _ late.A.stay out B.stayed out C.staying out D.to stay outD2.Whats the matter？They said I should not be all
23、owed _ here.They dont allow in the waiting room.A.shouting;to shout B.to shout;shout C.to shout;shouting D.shouting;shouting3.We _ to take photos in the museum.And we bringing our cameras to the museum.A.dont allow;dont allow B.arent allowed;arent allowed C.dont allow;arent allowed D.arent allowed；d
24、ont allowCD知识点 4 afford 的用法（Unit 8）小试牛刀1.I cant afford _ a house.A.to buy B.buy C.buying D.2.Im afraid we can not _ to take a taxi.Lets go by bus instead.A.refuse B.afford C.forget D.fallAB知识点 5 proud 的用法（Unit 8）小试牛刀1.I won the first prize in the exam,so I was proud _ myself.A.in B.at C.of D.on2.We take pride _ our products.A.in B.of C.at D.intoCA