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1、直接引语与间接引语引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语（directspeech),即原封不动地引用原话，把原话放在引号内；一种是间接引语（indirectspeech)，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。第1页/共42页Theboysaid,Iamsmart.thathewassmart.Theboysaid第2页/共42页Thebutterflysaid,Icanfly.thatitcouldfly.Thebutterflysaid第3页/共42页Theteachersaid,“Iampreparingalesson.”Theteachersaidthathewasp
2、reparingalesson.第4页/共42页Direct Speech She said,“I like singing.”She said,“I am waiting for a bus.”She said,“I have never met an American.”She said,“I will see you next week.”Indirect SpeechShe said that she liked singing.She said that she was waiting for a bus.She said that she had never met an Amer
3、ican.She said that she would see me the next week.第5页/共42页SUMMARY直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导的宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.第6页/共42页whether/ifwelikedsinging.“Doyoulikesinging?”Heasked第7页/共42页whether/ifI was a doctor.“Areyouadoctor?”Heasked第8页/共42页Heaskedme,“WhatcanIdoforyou?”Heaskedmewhathecoulddo
4、forme.第9页/共42页MarysaidtoAnn,“Howcanyoudothat?”MaryaskedAnnhowshecoulddothat.第10页/共42页Direct SpeechShe asked,“Have you seen the film?”He asked,“Are you a doctor,John?”She asked us,“Where are you going to get off?”He asked them,“Who gave you a talk?”Indirect SpeechHe asked them who had given them a ta
5、lk.She asked us where we were going to get off.She asked me if/whether I had seen the film.He asked John if/whether he was a doctor.第11页/共42页SUMMARY直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。第12页/共42页He asked me,”Are you from Beijing?”Tom asked Ann,“Do you like apples?”Tom
6、asked Ann if she liked apples.He asked me if/whether I was from Beijing.第13页/共42页If vs.whetherI dont know whether/if they will come to help us.(一般情况下可以通用)I dont know whether or not they will come for our help.(whether or not/whether.or not)第14页/共42页直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,orde
7、r 等的宾语。例如：The teacher ordered,Be quiet.The captain ordered us to be quiet.第15页/共42页注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。My teacher asked me,Dont laugh.My teacher asked me not to laugh.第16页/共42页直接引语间接引语：人称时态变化直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称（一随主）Hesaid,“Iamverysorry.”Hesaidthathewasverysorry.直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称（二
8、随宾）“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.第17页/共42页直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称（二随宾）Shesaidtoherson,“Illcheckyourhomeworktonight.”Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：Heaskedme,“Willyougotothes
9、tationwithme?”HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhim.第18页/共42页（1）一般现在时变为一般过去时（2）现在进行时变为过去进行时（3）一般将来时变为过去将来时（4）现在完成时变为过去完成时（5）一般过去时变为过去完成时（6）过去时态不变 直接引语间接引语：时态的变化第19页/共42页时态不变化：直接引语是客观真理“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmethemoonmovesaroundtheearth.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变Jacksa
10、id,“John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?”JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.第20页/共42页直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。XiaoWangsaid,“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning.”Hesaid
11、hegetsupatsixeverymorning.第21页/共42页如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)和已经是过去时的形式时(例：could,should,would,might)，时态不再变。Petersaid,“Youhadbettercomeheretoday.”PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.第22页/共42页直接引语间接引语：句式变化直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。Shesaid,“Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”Shesai
12、dthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.第23页/共42页直接引语如果是一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.但用陈述句语序Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”Heaskedme.HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.第24页/共42页“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haventyou?”mymotherasked.Mymotheraskedmew
13、hetherIhadfinishedthehomework.第25页/共42页直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。Sheaskedme,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.第26页/共42页直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应根据语气改为“tell(ask,order,beg等)sb.(not)todosth.”句型。如：“Dontmakeanynoise,”shesaidtothechildren.告诫语气Shetold(ordered)the
14、childrennottomakeanynoise.“Bringmeacupoftea,please,”saidshe.要求语气Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.第27页/共42页第28页/共42页1.“Inevereatmeat,”hesaid.Hesaidthat_never_meat.2.“Ivefoundmywallet,”hesaidtome.He_methathe_wallet.3.“Itookithomewithme,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_ithomewithher.heatetoldhadfoundhisshehadtaken第2
15、9页/共42页4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_intheeastand_downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.He_methathe_methertheday_.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.HesaidthatI_togo_beforefive.risesgoestoldhadbeforehadthere第30页/共42页7.“Iboughtthehouse1
16、0yearsago,”hesaid.Hesaidthathe_boughtthehouse10years_.8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.He_Ihadseenhertheweek_.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He_Jimthathe_sitthere.hadbeforeaskedwhether/ifbeforetoldcould第31页/共42页10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother_foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”
17、heasked.Heaskedme_been_days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked_knewwhereshe_.howshehadwhereIhadthoseif/whetherIlived第32页/共42页第33页/共42页1.Did you understand_?A.what she said B.what to say C.what did she said D.how she had said2.who can tell us_about over there?A.what they talk B.what are talk
18、ing C.what do they talk D.what they are talking3.The girl is thinking about _she will go abroad to study English next year.A.if B.what C.whether D.when4.the teacher said that_.A.the sun moves around the earth B.the earth moved around the sun C.the moon is our satellite D.the moon was our satelliteAC
19、Cc第34页/共42页5.I dont know when he _back,Please tell him the news when he _back.A.come;will come B.comes;comes c.will come;comes D.will come;will come 6.I dont know if his uncle _.I think he _if he is free.A.will come;comes B.will come,will come C.comes comes D.comes;will come7.There is not much diffe
20、rent between the two.I really dont know_.A.what should I choose B.which I should choose C.which should I chose D.what I choose8.No one knows_.A.which gate we have to go B.which gate we must go C.which gate do we have to go to D.which gate we have to go toBBDC第35页/共42页9Do you know _?A.where does she
21、live B.she lives whereC.where she lives D.where she live10.His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will doCB第36页/共42页12Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour,but could not find _?A.what Lily was B.what was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was LilyC11.We
22、 dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.if he lives here C第37页/共42页13 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take 14 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.tr
23、avels D.had travelled AC第38页/共42页15.Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A.if B.weather C.what D.whichA16.Could you tell me _?A.when will they leave BeijingB.when would they leave BeijingC.when they will leave Beijing D.when did they leave Beijing C第39页/共42页宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素引导词引导词thatthat+陈述句陈述句 ififwhetherwhether+一般疑问句一般疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理时态不变客观真理时态不变第40页/共42页Thank you!第41页/共42页谢谢您的观看！第42页/共42页