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1、直接引语就是一字不改的引述别人的话语。直接引语一般放在引号之内。间接引语就是用说话人自己的话语引述别人的话语。第1页/共27页直接引语为陈述句的时候变为间接引语又that引导。引述动词为say，tell等等。同时，根据主句的要求，在人称、时态及其他方面作相应的变化。第2页/共27页人称变化“I want to buy a suit,”he said.He said(that)he wanted to buy a suit.He said to me,Ive left my book in your room.”He told me that he had left his book in my
2、 room.第3页/共27页指示代词的变化He said,These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.第4页/共27页状语的变化He said,“It is nine oclock now.”He said that it was nine oclock then.now then today that day第5页/共27页状语的变化He said,“My sister was here three days ago.”He said that his sister had been there three days bef
3、ore.第6页/共27页 直接引语 间接引语指示代词 时 间 状 语 地点状语 方向性动词 this,that,these those now,then,today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next/following daynext month the next/following mont
4、h here there come,go,bring take 情态动词 can,may,must could,might,had to 第7页/共27页时态的变化如果主句为现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。主句的时态是过去时时：从句中：一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 不变第8页/共27页一般现在时 一般过去时“He doesnt appear to have much money,”I said.I said that he did not appear to have much money.第9
5、页/共27页一般过去时 过去完成时“My sister taught me some of Chinese characters,”she said.She said her sister had taught her some of Chinese characters.第10页/共27页一般将来时 过去将来时“There wont be any spare aircraft tomorrow morning,”I told the manager.I told the manager that there wouldnt be any spare aircraft the next mor
6、ning.第11页/共27页现在进行时 过去进行时“I am using the knife,”he said.He said that he was using the knife.第12页/共27页现在完成时 过去完成时“Ive met you somewhere before,”I told the secretary.I told the secretary that I had met her somewhere before.第13页/共27页过去完成时 不变He said,“I had finished my homework before supper.”He said tha
7、t he had finished his homework before supper.第14页/共27页有时候直接引语是并列句或者是复合句，但是变化方法和上面的一样。“This is the craziest thing I have heard so far,”she thought.She thought that that was the craziest thing she had heard so far.第15页/共27页直接引语为疑问句的时候直接引语为疑问句的时候，由whether，if或者是疑问代词、疑问副词引导，引述动词为ask，wonder等等。与直接引语是陈述句一样，
8、要在人称、时态及其他方面作相应的变化。第16页/共27页直接引语为一般疑问句“Have you got any thoughts about next weekend?”he asked me.He asked me if/whether I had got any thoughts about the next weekend.第17页/共27页直接引语为特殊疑问句“How many guests were present at the party?”I asked the organizer.I asked the organizer how many guests were presen
9、t at the party.第18页/共27页直接引语为祈使句的时候直接引语为祈使句的时候，变为间接引语时，多用动词不定式。“Do some shopping for me,please,”he said to her.He asked her to do shopping for him.第19页/共27页注意事项1)1)人称人称2)2)时态时态 3)3)相应的时间地点状语相应的时间地点状语4)4)标点符号标点符号5 5）大小写大小写6 6）问号改为句号问号改为句号7 7）语序语序-疑问改陈述疑问改陈述8 8）宾语从句由什么引出宾语从句由什么引出9)9)祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述祈使句要
10、使用动词不定式来引述第20页/共27页宾语从句1.No one realizes his pain.2.No one realizes(that)he has suffered a great deal of pain.宾语从句 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句一个句子做宾语第21页/共27页1.陈述句做宾语 that1.We know him.We know(that)he is a good man.宾语从句中that 可省略2.Ive learned(that)love heals all wounds.3.我认为我们可能快迟到了。I think(that)we may be late.第
11、22页/共27页2.一般疑问句作宾语 whether/if1.Does he need my help?我不知道他需不需要我的帮助。I dont know whether he needs my help.2.没人知道他会不会来。No one knows whether he will come.疑问句变陈述语序是否：whether/if第23页/共27页2.没人知道他会不会来。No one knows whether he will come.No one knows whether or not he will come.No one knows if he will come.No one knew whether he would come.第24页/共27页3.特殊疑问句作宾语 Where is the post office?我不知道邮局在哪里。I dont know where the post office is.疑问句变陈述语序疑问词变作连接词第25页/共27页小结1.陈述句(that)+句子2.一般疑问句 whether/or+陈述语序3.特殊疑问句 how/when/where+陈述语序4.引导词that不能省略的情况，以及形式宾语的讲解。见语法书p311第26页/共27页感谢您的观看！第27页/共27页