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1、2021.2022学年山西省运城市夏县中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题Fashion is a competitive and hard business where peoples desire for new ideas is hardA. to be satisfied B. to satisfyC. to have satisfied D. satisfied参考答案：B考查非谓语动词。句意：时尚是一个有竞争性的和艰苦的事情,在那里人们对新想法的渴望 是很难满足的。此处是动词不定式作状语，句子的主语就是动词不定式的宾语，主动表示 被动。故选Bo【名师点睛】+be +adj.
2、+to do:不定式一般用主动式与主诘存在邃粒上的动实关系.所以当不定式的动词是不及糊动词时,岐在舞后加上适当的介词.主+be +adj. Oo= It be +adj” -t-to do sth eg.TNsquestion is difficult to answer. =lt*s difficult to answer the question. The man is hard towork with.-lfs hard to work with the man.当不定式用作定港时.与贯所修饰的词之间存在避粮上的动实关系且主语为该动作的执行力时也常*用主动形式. Eg He wants
3、water to drink Shehas a room to live In. I will go to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken there?1. A few jokes add laughter to a speech.A. basic B. boring C. blind D. bad参考答案：BIt was useful advice on how to deal with the situationI followed it immediately.A. so; that B. such; assuch;
4、that D. so; as参考答案：C. leave some mistakes on the question paper参考答案：ABBCc考查结果状语从句。句意：关于怎样处理这种境况，这是非常有用的建议结果我立刻按着 去做。advice是名词，所以此处是suchithat引导的结果状语从句，故选C,2. Are you worried about her safety?Just.She isnt alone.A. entirely B. gradually C. generally D. slightly 参考答案：DAfter the gamble, Thornton and his
5、 partners traveled in the wilderness _.A. with a lot of food B. to buy more dogsC. with a mapped destination D. to search for an old gold mine 参考答案：D【详解】考杳对文章的细节理解及细节的把握。根据野性的呼唤第七章的内容 Thornton and his friends. The money made it possible for them to travel east, where they wanted to look for a lost g
6、old mine. Men said that this mine had more gold than any other mine in the north. Many had looked for it, and some had died looking for it.可知,桑顿 和他的伙伴们来到荒野的目的就是寻找一个旧金矿。分析选项，可知D项符合题意，故选 Do3. I dont think 111 be able to go mountain climbing tomorrow.?A. And how B. How come C. Hows it going D. How abou
7、t it 参考答案：Byou like her very much, why not tell her the truth?A. Though B. Now that C. Since that D. While 参考答案：B略4. Since we for almost two weeks, Ill need to buy a large backpack in advance tocarry my supplies of food and water.A. have walked B. will be walking C. have been walking D. walked 参考答案：
8、BMr. BlackShanghai in a few days. Do you know when the earliest planeoff on Sunday?A. is leaving, is takingB. is leaving, takesC. leaves, will takeD. leaves, takes参考答案：B试题分析：考查动词的时态。句意：Black先生几天后要去上海。你知道星期天最早的航 班是什么时候吗？第一空用进行时表将来时；第二空用一般现在时表示将来时，因为飞机 航班是有固定时间表的。所以用一般现在时表将来时，故选B项5. Your cousin borrow
9、ed and broke your camera and you have to get it_A repaired B to repair C re pairing D re pairs参考答案：AA lot of small towns in Nanchang are definitely worth.A. visitingB. visitedC. to be visitedD. being visited参考答案：A考查非谓语动词。句意：许多南昌的小城镇肯定值得参观。worth doing意思为“值 得，用主动表示被动。6. We the national flag when the s
10、un in the east every morning.A. raise; raises B. rise; rises C. raise; rises D. rise; raises参考答案：CA new Wanda cinema here. They hope to finish it next year.A. will be builtB. is builtC. has been builtD. is being built参考答案：DI would join a party tonight!A. For free B. Have fun C. Good luck D. Dont com
11、e back too late参考答案：B7. 一 Have you seen ttTitanic 3D?-Not yet. Its said to be worth seeing than the original one.A. betterB. wellC. moreD. best参考答案：AMy brother would like to buy a good watch but was available from that shop.A. nothingB. noneC. no oneD. neither参考答案：B略8. Whats wrong, Mary? You look so
12、一 I cant find the key, and I cant enter my office.A. calm B upset C. excited D. disappointed参考答案：BShe is a (sense) girl so you had better pay attention to your words.参考答案:sensitive二、翻译9. 在英语写作中，连接词的使用能让文章结构更清晰，衔接更流畅，是同学们应该加强 训练的一项写作微技能。请按以下汉语提示写出下列连接词或词组，每组写两个。66 .首先 .此外 67 .总之 .在我看来68 .一方面另一方面.参考答案
13、：66. first of all; to start with; to begin with; for a start; in the first placebesides, whats more; moreover; furthermore67. in a word; in conclusion; in a nutshell; in brief; in short; to sum up; to concludein my opinion/view; as far as Im concerned; personally speaking; as for me68. on the one ha
14、nd; on the other hand; for one thing; for another本大题为汉译英的翻译题。每一个词组都有一些意思相近的多个词组，所以要尽可能地写 出与之相符的词组。【66题详解】考查综合能力。根据以前所学的知识，可知，让文章结构更清晰，衔接更流畅，作为连接 词的,含有“首先”的词组有:first of all; to start with; to begin with; for a start; in the first place。【67题详解】考查综合能力。根据以前所学的知识，让文章结构更清晰，衔接更流畅，作为连词的，含有此外的词组有：besides, wh
15、ats more, moreover, furthermore0【68题详解】考杳综合能力。根据以前所学的知识，让文章结构更清晰，衔接更流畅，作为总结性的 词，含有总之”的词组有：in a word; in conclusion; in a nutshell; in brief; in short; to sum up; to conclude【69题详解】考查综合能力。根据以前所学的知识，让文章结构更清晰，衔接更流畅，含有“在我看来 的词组有：in my opinion/view; as far as Im concerned; personally speaking; as for me【
16、70题详解】考查综合能力。根据以前所学的知识，让文章结构更清晰，衔接更流畅，作为连词的，含 有“一方面另一方面.的词组有：on the one hand, on the other hand; for one thing, for another。三、阅读理解20. Recognized as the goddess scientist, Ning Yan （or Nieng Yan） , 42, is a leading biology researcher at Princeton University in the US. On April 30, she was included am
17、ong lOOnew members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US.Yan is a rising star in the science world and her resume （履历）is impressive. After graduating from Tsinghua University and Princeto
18、n, she was invited to set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua in 2007. At age 30, she became one of Chinas youngest-ever female professors.It was a long road to get where she is now. She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and determination.Yan likes
19、to work at night, because she can focus when the outside is quiet. She also works at least 14 hours a day, but shes energetic, because research is the most comfortable” job for her, according to an interview with People magazine.This devotion to her work probably helped Yan in her research to identi
20、fy the structures of proteins in cells plasma membranes, which puzzled scientists for half a century. Her achievements got her listed among the journal Natures Science Stars of China in 2016.Yan also enjoys TV dramas and classic novels. Surprisingly, the novel Journey to the West inspired her to bec
21、ome a structural biologist. In the book, the Monkey King turns into other animals. She wondered what it would be like to change herself. Luckily. Yan now lives in that world every day, exploring how proteins work at the level of atoms. /zlt was almost destined （命中注定的）that I would become a structural
22、 biologist, she said in an interview withNature.As she realizes her own dreams, Yan tries to encourage more women to follow careers(职业)in science. In her eyes, there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields.“Women can work as excellently as men and live the way they choose to,
23、 she said in a public interview.8. What made Ning Yan become a member of the National Academy of Sciences?A. Her social background. B. Her impressive wisdom.C. Her first-class education. D. Her outstanding research.9. Which of the following played a role in Yan becoming a structural biologist?A. Peo
24、ple magazine.B. Journey to the West.C. The journal Nature.D. Science Stars of China.10. Ning Yan would probably agree thatscientists can win success by working at nightA. women can match men in scientific achievementsmore women should be allowed to take up scienceB. scientists should enjoy TV dramas
25、 and classic novelsWhat can we learn from Ning Yans story?A. It is never too late to learn.B. Many hands make light work.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.参考答案：8. D 9, B 10. B 11. D【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了被公认为“女神科学家宁颜(或Nieng Yan),在4月30日,被列入 100年新成员和25个外国同事进入美国国家科学院
26、,一个著名的科研机构，旨在表彰在美国 有杰出研究成果的人员。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 On April 30, she was included among lOOnew members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US. （4 月 30 日,她成为美国国家科学院的 100 名新成员和25名外国同事之一。美国国家科学院
27、是一家旨在表彰美国杰出研究成果的著 名科学机构。）可知是Ning Yan杰出的研究成果让她成为了美国国家科学院的一员。故选 Do【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句 Surprisingly, the novel Journey to the West inspired her to become a structural biologist.（严还喜欢电视剧和经典小说。令人惊讶的是，小说西游 记激励她成为一-名结构生物学家。）可知是西游记激励她成为一名结构生物学家。 故选Bo【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句 In her eyes, there is no diffe
28、rence between men and women in the scientific fields.（在她看来，在科学领域，男人和女人没有什么区别。）可知 Ning Yan可能会同意，女性在科学成就上可以与男性匹敌。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and determination.（她在接受人物杂志采访时表示,她一直 认为科学家需要有一个纯洁的头脑和决心。）可推知我们从Ning Yan的故事
29、中能了解到世 上无难事，只怕有心人。故选D。【点睛】细节理解题解题方法细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但 高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中 的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题 能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得 出结论。做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1 .略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。经常有新技术对将来人们工作和生活不良 影响的预测，但事实证明结果并不是那样，我们有必要否定预测，以减少人们的恐惧。2 .按文
30、章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second.等预 测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3 .将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到 含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如第一小题，根据第一段中 On April 30, she was included among lOOnew members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution
31、 that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US. （4 月 30 日,她成为美国国家科学院的 100 名新成员和25名外国同事之一。美国国家科学院是一家旨在表彰美国杰出研究成果的著 名科学机构。）可知是Ning Yan杰出的研究成果让她成为了美国国家科学院的一员。故选Do21.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。A good way to pass an exam is to work hard every day in a year. You may fail in an exam if you
32、are lazy for most of the year and then work hard only a few days before the exam. If you want to be good at English, you have to read stories in English. And speak English as much as possible. A few days before the exam you should go to bed early. Do not go to bed late at night studying. Before you
33、start the exam, read carefully over the question papers, try to understand the exact（确切的）meaning of each question. When you have finished your exam, read over your answers. Correct（改正）the mistakes if there are any and be sure that you have not missed anything out.64. If people want to do well in an
34、exam, they have to work hard.A. every day in a year.B. for most of the monthC. for only a few daysD. late at nightIf people want to learn English well, theyA. only need to learn grammar B. must often practice EnglishC. have to go to England D. should go to bed earlyIts important to a few days before the exam.A. play too much B. have a good sleepC. read the question papers D. have a good drinkWhen people have finished the exam, they should.A. stand up and leave at onceB. answer a few more questionsC. make sure that they have not missed anything out