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1、新课标人教版高一英语上学期必修一必修二期末复习知识要点总结（2011-12-30 11:10：17)Module 1Unit 1Friendship1。add up(把两个或以上的数或量）加起来add up to 共计（指加起来总和是）add to 把 加到中add to=increase增加,增添2.without+n。/v-ingThere is no smoke without fire.He went out without speakingHe slipped into the room without being notice.by+doing 借助于，靠3.upsetadj.心烦
2、意乱,不舒服的,不适的 disturbed/sickvt.vi使不安,使心烦，打乱，打翻(upset-upset-upsetting)nervous（rather afraid）:在事情发展过程中有一种害怕的感觉 紧张anxious(worried)：由于害怕某种事情会发生而感到焦急upset(rather unhappy）:由于某事的发生而感到心烦意乱4。ignore vt.不理睬，忽视,对装作不知sb/sth5.calm downvt。Vi.平静下来，使平静6。concernvt 涉及 n。关心,关注,（利害）关系be concerned about/for 关心,挂念7。reason理由
3、，动机（explain why it happens or what causes it happen)决定做某事或采取某一行动的理由，由此而得出结论或解释，具有主观性。(conclusion）+forcause 原因(引起某事的后果或起因，usually a bad event)具有客观性(effect）+of8.While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.=While you were walking the dog当 When，while，before，after,once，i
4、f，unless,even if 等引导的状语从句的主语与句子的主语一致时,可将从句的主语和 be 动词省去。While living in England，he picked up some English。While asked about her family，she began to cry.9。sharevt.分享，分担sharein sth(with sb.)share(in）sth among/between sb.10。,like your deepest feelings(feeling）and thoughts.like=such asa feeling ofhave a
5、feeling that.show much feeling for(对的感情，同情，体谅 u.n。)11。go throughvt.experience，经历，遭受look at carefully,finish sth.or complete sth.，use up 穿过，通过12。hide（hides-hiding-hid-hidden）hide away+地点状语hide away+宾语躲藏,隐藏hide+宾语+away13。set down=write down=put down14。a series of=a set of 一连串的，一系列,一套Two series of new
6、stamps have come out.15。crazyadj.be/grow crazy about/of sth。be crazy to do sth。16.stay awake（remain/keep)17。on purpose 故意for（the)purpose of为的是；为了.。起见;为了.的目的with the purpose of以（有）.。的目的。18.in order to+do 为了起见；以便in order that+从句1In order to catch the early bus,she got up early.She got up early so as t
7、o/in order to catch the early bus.in order not toso as not to19.dare情态 mod。vdare do（多用于否定句，疑问句,条件状语从句)dared do（过去时)dare not do=darent doeg.I darent speak to him。No one dared ask him.实义 vt。dare（s)(to）dodont/doesnt/didnt dare(to)doeg。he will dare any danger.He didnt dare(to)go.20。happen to do sth.碰巧做。
8、21.It is/was the first time（second time）that have/had done（时态用完成时）某人第几次干某事22.face to faceadv.face-tofaceadj.23.put away 把关起来，收拾，把放在一边24。according to+n。/代词25。outdoors-indoorsadv.n.outdoor-indooradj.26。get along（well）with sb。=get on with 与相处，进展27.fall in love with（表示动作）be in love with(表示状态)28。have got
9、 to=have to29。habit习惯have/be in the habit of有.的习惯get into/form the habit of养成.。的习惯30。Your friend cant go until he/she finishes claening the bicycle。a.。not.until.b。It is not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle that your friend can go.c。Not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle can your fr
10、iend go.31.There is/was a time when。.有段时间怎么了。Module 1Unit 2English around the world1.more thanmore than+数词=over。以上,超过,多于,.有余By then he was more than fifty years old.more than+名词不只，不仅仅，超过，远不止(not only)Helen and Mary are more than classmates。They are close friends。more than+动词十分，大大地,远远地，极大地(much）He mo
11、re than smiled;he laughed outright.What he did more than satisfied me.more than+adj./adv。非常，十分,更加，深为（very）Im more than happy to hear that。He is more than selfish。When I asked them for help,they were more than glad to come.more than one 名词单数，后面的谓语动词用单数“不止一个,不只一个More than one person has known it。no mo
12、re than 只是,仅仅,只不过not more than 至多，最多，不超过2。in(some important)way（s）/bymeans在方面23。one another=each other彼此,相互之间4。includeincluding sth.sth includedcontain1)用作及物动词，意为“包括；包含,不能用于进行时态。2）include 还可作“包含于里面；算入”讲，常与in,on，among 介词等连用。5.play a role/part（in)意为“在中担任角色;在中起作用.take（on）/perform a role扮演角色a leading/st
13、arting role 主角6.Because of+sth./v-ing/what(n.clause)Because+句子7。nearly 与 almost（1）两者通用的场合。a.在肯定句中。b.修饰 all,every，always 等时。c.在行为动词的否定式前时。（2）只用 almost的场合。a.和 any,no,none,nothing,nobody,nowhere,never 等连用时.b.和 too,more than 等连用时。c。和表示感觉或心理活动的静态动词连用时.（3）只用 nearly 的场合。a。被 very,not，pretty 等修饰时。b.和具体数字连用时(
14、nearly 常用)。8.than ever before比以往任何时候更在比较级结构中,副词 ever 与比较级和最高级连用，用来加强语气。ever 在不同句型中的意义：1）曾经；以前（用于疑问句)2）无论什么时候都(不）（用语否定句）3）曾经（用于 if 从句）4）到底;究竟（用于特殊疑问句）5）永远；老是(用于肯定句)9.for example 同类的“一个”，用逗号隔开，可置于句首,句中和句末such as只能举其中一部分，不能全部举出.10。come up 上来，走近;被提出;发芽；升起11。(1)even if（=even though):in spite of the fact；
15、no matter whether 即使；尽管是连词词组，用来引导让步状语从句;若主、从句皆表示将来情况，从句中可用一般现在时代替将来时。(2)even if 从句所说的不那么肯定。even though 从句是事实。12.So why has English changed over time？over=throughout/during13.actually=in fact=as a matter of fact事实上,实际上14.base on/upon以为基础be based on15。closev./adj./close(adv)位置上接近closely(adv)抽象关系上的密切cl
16、ose to 相近，靠近，几乎be close to 表状态get close to 表动作16.in the 1600s=in the 1600s17.make(good/full/no/the most/the best）use of 使用18。a number of+可数名词复数大量的(其后谓语动词用复数）the number of+可数名词复数的数目（其后谓语动词用单数）The number of the students adds up to 2000 in our school.只能修饰可数名词的：a large/great/good number of，a good/great
17、many，dozens of，scores of,quite a few只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of,a large amount of，quite a little，a large sum of既可修饰可数，不可数名词的：plenty of，a lot of，lots of,a large quantity of19.Only time will tell.时间会证明一切tell知道，判断3tell A from B：区分，分别20Believe it or not.21.However，even on TV and the radio you will hear d
18、ifferences in the way(that/in which）people speak。22。recognize=to know and remember sb/sth.one has seen before。认出。从外表上辨认出，指一时性的动作know 表示知道有这个人并认识他，在一定程度上对他有了解，指长久性的动作I know him，but when I saw him last night，I could hardly recognize him。Module 1Unit 3Travel journal1.When are you leaving?Where are you
19、staying？用进行时表将来的动词：go，come,leave，start，begin,return，stay,play,fly,drive，sleep，reach,walking，ride，move2。dream about=dream of sth/doing sth。dreamed/dreamtdream thatrealize ones dreamour dream come truehave a dream=dream a dream3。It was my sister who first had the ides to。.强调句：It was/is+强调成分+that-/who分
20、句 It+be（not）+强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分 Be+it+强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分？Was it at the end of 2001 that China joined WTO?特殊疑问词+be+it+that/who+句子剩余部分？When was it that China joined WTO？4.persuadevt。说服；劝服；vi.被说服persuade+sb。sb.of sth.使某人相信某事sb。that clausesb。to do sth.=persuade sb。into doing sth.sb。out of doing sth。
21、=persuade sb.not to do sthtry to persuade sb to do sth。=advise sb to do sth。说服未成功5.although,though引导让步状语从句不能再和but,and,however连用，但可以和副词yet,still连用。although 从句多放在句首,though 从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是,不过”讲，而 although 无此用法。6。insist：坚持认为,坚持主张1）insist on/upon ones doing sth 坚持做，坚决做2）insist tha
22、t+从句坚持说/认为(后表示一个事实）,后接的从句用陈述语气，既按需要选择时态。3)insist that sb。(should）do sth.坚决主张做某事，后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气7properly(adv。)proper（adj。)finally(adv.）final（adj）8.care about：be worried about 忧虑，关心care for sb/sth:look after,love or like希望,喜欢,照顾9.determinev。决定，下定决心，确定determined adj.坚决的,有决心的1）determine to do sth。（动作）2)d
23、etermine+从句3）determine+疑问词+to do4）be determined to do sth.决心做（状态）4He was determined to do it for a long time。10.change ones mind改变某人的主意make up ones mind下定决心keepin mind记住11.at an altitude of=at a height of在海拔米处attitudeat 后接年龄，速度，长宽深高,价格，费用等“在处/时，以”at the age ofat a high/low priceat a depth/width ofat
24、 the speed ofat the cost ofat a distance of12。the air was would hard to breath.主语+be+adj。+to do sth.即不定式用主动形式表达被动含义这类形容词有 surprised，moved,disappointed，pleased，happy,sad，delighted，sorry,interested,glad,worried,etc。13.give in（to sb。/sth。）屈服于，让步,递交give up放弃,认输give out筋疲力尽；分配give away捐赠，泄露14。across/thro
25、ugh/overacross 表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置,“横穿，横跨”表面，含义与 on 有关through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部，含义与 in 有关over 表示“越过”是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧The new railway winds its way to Tibet,over mountains through tunnels and across rivers。15。as usual16.encourage sb。to do sth。encourage sb in doing sth。encouraged/encouraging17.To climb t
26、he mountain road was hard work but to go down the hill was great fun.funfunU n.玩笑,乐事，有趣的事have fun=enjoy oneselfIt is much/great fun to do做很有趣18。changev.“换衣,更换”change n“零钱”get changed 换好衣服change A for B 用换19.make camp扎营，宿营go camping去露营,去野营 make+n.+n.使 make+n。+adj。使 make+n.+do sth。使某人做某事*被动式be made to
27、 do sth make+n.+过去分词20.put up 举起,抬起=raise 挂起，张贴 建造,搭起=build 住宿,留宿put away把收起来，存放put back放回原处put down 放下,写下，镇压put forward提出put off推迟,拖延put out扑灭，伸出put ones heart to 全神贯注于put an end to使结束21。so far22。We can hardly wait to see them！23.for one thing,for another，。首先，其次on the one hand，。on the other hand.24
28、.differentadj.differencen。differentlyadv。differv.the difference between A and BA be different from B。25。be familiar to sb。(主语是物)熟悉5be familiar with sth。(主语是人)Module 1Unit 4Earthquakes1.It is always calm before a strom.2.right away=at once；in no time；immediatelyright now:at this very moment3.riseraiz
29、 vi.升起，起身，增长,上升,rose-risenraise reiz vt。升起,唤起,提高,使出现,饲养,筹集,使复活 raisedraisedarise raiz vi.出现,发生，起因于arose-arisen4。burst：to come open or fly apart suddenlyburst into+n。burst out+doingburst into tears/laughterburst out crying/laughing5。at an endbe at an endat the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;by the
30、 end of 用于表示时间的场合到结束的时候,用于过去完成时态;in the end 意思“最后、终于”。6。cut across 横穿，跨越cut inv。插嘴，插入,cut offv.切断,断绝，剥夺继承权cut down。v.砍倒，胜过,削减,删节cut upv.切碎,抨击，歼灭,使丧气cut outv。切掉，裁剪出,取代，停止7.lay in ruinslielied lied lying 说谎lielay-lain lying躺,平放，展现(开），位于laylaidlaid laying vt.放置,铺设,布置 vi.下蛋，打赌ruin/destroy/damage/injured
31、amage 指部分“损坏、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低.N。V 用作名词时常与to something 连用。destroy 只能用作 v。,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复，常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也可以指希望、计划等打破。ruin 则表示破坏严重，以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像 destroy 那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题.用作动词时,它作“使毁灭”、“使崩溃”，“弄糟解；用作名词时，它表示“毁灭”，“瓦解”，“废墟”等抽象概念。ruin 也有借喻的用法8。injure：身体上,肉体上，损害健康，成就，容貌的伤害hurt：使身体部位,精神上，感情受到伤害，造成损失
32、wound:刀，子弹,名声等的伤害，战场上受伤harm：肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安或不便,还可用于抽象事物（尤指不道德的事情）9.be shockedbe trapped in10。wonder：v.in wonderwonder to do sth./w to do sth./at/aboutn.奇迹，惊奇，惊愕It is no wonder(that)=No wonder（that）难怪11.All hope was not lost。allnot=not all,somebut not all（表示部分否定)all，both，each,every+notAll of their
33、 answers were not right。=not all of their answers are right.12.dig out13。buryvtbury oneself in=be buried indevote oneself to=be devoted to14congratulationn。祝词，贺辞 常用复数+oncongratulate sb.on sth。615。Judging from/by=to judge by由判断之Generally speakingStrictly speakingFrankly speaking16。honorn.尊敬，敬意，荣誉,光荣v
34、t.尊敬，给以荣誉in honor of sb./sth。in ones honour为了纪念/尊敬17Prepare sth/to do sth。/sb to do sth。/for 准备，预备,be/get prepared forin preparation forModule 1 Unit 5Nelson Mandela a modern hero1。ask for 要求得到ask for sb.找某人,要求见某人2。be willing to do sth乐意（自愿）做,心甘情愿做3.be active in积极参加4.lose heart丧失信心lose ones heart爱上某
35、人5。in trouble处于不幸中，有麻烦，在监禁中6。die for为而死die for 也意为“渴望，切望”(只用于进行时态）7.fight（fought,fought）fight for 为而战fight with+人,国家与并肩作战fight against+事物 n。为反对作斗争fight against+人，国家和（同）斗争=fight with8。believe in sb。信任某人believe sb=believe what sb says.相信某人的话9。be free from 摆脱(不好的东西)的，无的10.be in prison.在狱中,被监禁putin pris
36、on=send/taketo prison=throw into prison把投入监狱11.The time when I first met was a very difficult period of my life.This was a time when one had got to。12。advisesth(ones)doing sth。sb.to do sth.建议某人干 advise sb。not to do sth=advise sb。against doing sth.sb on sth.就给某人出主意that clausesb（should）doadvice(n。)a p
37、iece of advicetake sbs advice接受某人的劝告ask for advice ongive sb.（some)advice on.给某人建议13.be+距离/时间+away有远14。continue to do/doing sth15。fee付给医生，律师,学校的费用，考试，俱乐部,入场卷收取的费用。fare（交通工具的）票价reward报酬，奖金vt.酬谢，给以报答inreward 作为报酬16。After trying hard，I got a job in a gold mine.=after I tried hard。17.be worried about=wo
38、rry about担心18.out of work=lose ones job失业（反)be in work19.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights See 表示“见证,目睹”；(在某段时期)发生，经历，经受,主语为时间或物The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people。20.vote 投票，参加选举，强调其过程choose 选择，指从众多事物中挑选 选举，elect 强调选举结
39、果21.He has got himself into a dangerous situation where(in which)he is likely to lose control over7the plan.22.accept主观接受receive 客观收到23。Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.only then 此处引起倒装句,当 only 修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装only 修饰主语时，句子不倒装。24。as a matter of fact=in fact事实上25。blow up使充气,
40、爆炸blow off 吹掉，吹走blow down吹倒blow out吹灭26。be equal to 等于,相当于27imagine+n。/doing sth./sb.+doing/thatn.imagination28.escape from sp。逃脱,避开，溜走escape doing sth.避免29。in one way=in a way(M2 Unit 3)=in some waysall the way一直，一路上by the way顺便一提in this way以这种方式in the way妨碍 挡路on ones/the way在途中in no way 绝不 No way！
41、门儿都没有！lose ones way 迷路lead the way 带头，领先30.He taught us during the when we should have been asleep.should do 应该做，一般指现在或将来的动作，指过去的动作时应站在过去的角度。should have done 表示本应该做而没有做的.站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。asleep 是表语形容词，意为“睡着的.sleep 是动词或名词，意为“睡觉”。sleepy 是形容词,意为“打盹的”31.As they were not cleverer than me，but did pass thei
42、r exam.“did pass”为强调结构，强调谓语动词时，在动词原行前加do,does,did。eg。Do be careful!He does speak English well！I do hope you have a merry Christmas！32。come to power=come into power 执政,当权,上台 in power 当权，执政33.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.every time,每次就immediately，the moment/minute/instant=as soon as,n
43、ext time 下次.时,等起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句.I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.Next time he comes,he asks me for some money.34.set upset out to do sth=set about doing sth。着手做某事35。be sentenced to36。terrorn。恐怖,可怕的人或事fearn.&vt.恐惧，可怕fear+n。/to do/thatfor fear of for fear that 担心 惟恐37beatn。敲击，跳动
44、beatingn。打、输Module 2Unit 1Cultural relics1。survive vt vi幸存survivor（n.)幸存者survival(n。）幸存2.remain(1)vi。留下,遗留（2）link-verb。后接 n。adj./介词短语/表位置的 adv.3.the rest 作主语时，根据指带对象不同，可能是单数，也可能是复数.4look into调查5.state 状态,可数名词；condition 条件,复数形式表“环境，状况”；situation 指处境,局势。state 侧重于政权 country 侧重于疆土nation 侧重于民族86belong to
45、不用于进行时态和被动语态7情态动词+have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔等意。cant/couldnt have done 不可能做过could have done可能做过；本来可以做（却未做）might have done或许做过;本来或许会做may have done或许做过would have done本来要做（却未做）must have done肯定已做过(表推测)neednt have done本来没必要做（却已做）should(nt)/ought(nt)have done 本来（不）应该做（却做了)8.gift 礼物;天赋have a gift for sth
46、.gifted(adj.)有天赋的9。be used to do sth。被用来做be used to doing 习惯于做某事（表状态）used to（do）过去常常做某事，（现在不了）get used to表示由不习惯到习惯的变化be used to+n./doing 表示已经习惯或已形成的状态否定:didntt use to/usednt to/used not to一般疑问：Did use to?/Used to？10。Although it feels as hard as stone,it easily melts when（it is）heated.11.Once it is h
47、eated，the amber can be made into any shape.12.The design for the room was of the fancy style popular in those days.“be+of+名词(词组）”,表示主语的某种形状、特性或特征。of great importance=importantof interest=interestingof use=usefulof help=helpfulof value=valuablebe of+size/length/height/depthbe of the same sizefancy+th
48、at-/ones doing sth/sb to be/sb as/sth/doing sth.13。be made into 被制成be made up of由组成/构成be made of由制成（能看出原材料)be made from由制成（看不出原材料)be made in 产于，生产于（某地/某时)14.in return.回报,作为报酬in turn 轮流地，依次；反过来by turns 轮流地,时而时而15。.serve as担任,充当act aswork as 以(的身份）工作,当He serve as a waiter there16。In 1770,the room was
49、completed（the way（that/in which/不填)she wanted it。“the way”后跟定语从句，在从句中作方式状语，the way 的用法与连词相同,I still remember the way that（in which,/)she did it。I liked the way that/in which she organized the meeting.当 way 前面有 adj.作定语时,其前不省略 inHe always writes in a careless way.17。介词+名词（表状态)at war/work/home/tableon
50、show/duty/sale/holiday/fire/watchin trouble/danger/battle/doubtunder repair/discussion/construction建设18.a piece of/a set of furniture.919.Theres no doubt that(肯定句）doubt whether/ifTheres no need to do/for sth/sbTheres no possibility thatTheres no doubt of/about+n。Theres no doubt about his honesty。20.