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1、1 新课标人教版高一英语上学期必修一必修二期末复习知识要点总结(2011-12-30 11:10:17) Module 1 Unit 1 Friendship 1.add up (把两个或以上的数或量）加起来add up to 共计（指加起来总和是）add to 把加到中add to=increase 增加，增添2. without + n./ v-ing There is no smoke without fire. He went out without speaking He slipped into the room without being notice. by + doing 借
2、助于，靠3. upset adj.心烦意乱，不舒服的，不适的disturbed /sick vt.vi 使不安，使心烦，打乱，打翻(upset-upset- upsetting) nervous (rather afraid) : 在事情发展过程中有一种害怕的感觉紧张anxious(worried): 由于害怕某种事情会发生而感到焦急upset(rather unhappy):由于某事的发生而感到心烦意乱4. ignore vt. 不理睬，忽视，对装作不知sb/sth 5. calm down vt. Vi. 平静下来，使平静6. concern vt 涉及 n. 关心，关注， （利害）关系b
3、e concerned about/for 关心，挂念7. reason 理由 ,动机（ explain why it happens or what causes it happen ）决定做某事或采取某一行动的理由，由此而得出结论或解释, 具有主观性。 (conclusion) + for cause 原因(引起某事的后果或起因,usually a bad event ) 具有客观性(effect ) + of 8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. =While
4、you were walking the dog当 When, while, before, after, once, if, unless, even if等引导的状语从句的主语与句子的主语一致时，可将从句的主语和be 动词省去 . While living in England, he picked up some English. While asked about her family, she began to cry. 9. share vt.分享，分担sharein sth (with sb.) share (in) sth among / between sb. 10. , l
5、ike your deepest feelings (feeling) and thoughts. like= such asa feeling of have a feeling that .show much feeling for (对的感情，同情，体谅u.n.) 11.go through vt. experience ,经历，遭受look at carefully, finish sth. or complete sth., use up 穿过，通过12. hide ( hides - hiding - hid - hidden) hide away + 地点状语hide away
6、+ 宾语躲藏，隐藏hide +宾语+ away 13. set down= write down = put down 14. a series of = a set of一连串的，一系列，一套Two series of new stamps have come out. 15. crazy adj. be/grow crazy about/of sth. be crazy to do sth. 16. stay awake (remain / keep) 17. on purpose 故意for (the) purpose of 为的是 ; 为了 .起见 ; 为了 .的目的with the
7、purpose of 以(有 ).的目的 . 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 18. in order to + do 为了起见；以便in order that + 从句In order to catch the early bus, she got up early. She got up early so as to/ in order to catch the early bus. in order
8、not to so as not to 19. dare 情态 mod.v dare do(多用于否定句，疑问句，条件状语从句) dared do （过去时）dare not do = daren t doeg. I daren t speak to him. No one dared ask him. 实义 vt. dare(s) (to) do don t/ doesn t/ didn t dare( to) doeg. he will dare any danger. He didn t dare( to )go.20. happen to do sth. 碰巧做 . 21.It is
9、/was the first time(second time ) that have/had done（时态用完成时）某人第几次干某事22. face to face adv. face-to-face adj. 23. put away 把关起来，收拾，把放在一边24. according to + n./ 代词25. outdoors - indoors adv. n. outdoor- indoor adj. 26. get along (well) with sb. = get on with 与相处，进展27. fall in love with ( 表示动作 ) be in lo
10、ve with ( 表示状态 ) 28. have got to = have to 29. habit 习惯have / be in the habit of 有 .的习惯get into / form the habit of 养成 .的习惯30. Your friend can t go until he/she finishes claening the bicycle.a .not .until.b. It is not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle that your friend can go. c. Not until h
11、e/she finishes claening the bicycle can your friend go. 31.There is /was a time when. 有段时间怎么了. Module 1 Unit 2 English around the world 1. more than more than +数词 = over . 以上 , 超过，多于，.有余By then he was more than fifty years old. more than + 名词不只，不仅仅，超过，远不止(not only) Helen and Mary are more than class
12、mates. They are close friends. more than + 动词十分，大大地，远远地，极大地(much) He more than smiled; he laughed outright. What he did more than satisfied me. more than + adj./adv. 非常，十分，更加，深为 (very) I m more than happy to hear that. He is more than selfish.When I asked them for help, they were more than glad to c
13、ome. more than one 名词单数，后面的谓语动词用单数“不止一个，不只一个”名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 More than one person has known it. no more than 只是 ,仅仅，只不过not more than 至多，最多，不超过2. in (some important ) way(s) / by means 在方面3.one another = ea
14、ch other 彼此，相互之间4. include including sth. sth included contain 1）用作及物动词，意为“包括；包含”，不能用于进行时态。2）include 还可作“包含于里面；算入”讲，常与in, on, among 介词等连用。5.play a role / part ( in ) 意为“在中担任角色；在中起作用”。take (on) /perform a role 扮演角色a leading/starting role 主角6. Because of +sth. / v-ing / what ( n. clause) Because + 句子7
15、. nearly 与 almost （1）两者通用的场合。a.在肯定句中。b.修饰 all, every, always 等时。c.在行为动词的否定式前时。（2）只用almost 的场合。a.和 any, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, never 等连用时。b.和 too, more than 等连用时。c.和表示感觉或心理活动的静态动词连用时。（3）只用 nearly 的场合。a.被 very, not, pretty 等修饰时。b.和具体数字连用时（nearly 常用）。8. than ever before 比以往任何时候更在比较级结构中，副词e
16、ver 与比较级和最高级连用，用来加强语气. ever 在不同句型中的意义：1）曾经；以前（用于疑问句）2）无论什么时候都（不）（用语否定句）3）曾经（用于if 从句）4）到底；究竟（用于特殊疑问句）5）永远；老是（用于肯定句）9. for example 同类的“一个” ，用逗号隔开，可置于句首，句中和句末such as 只能举其中一部分，不能全部举出。10. come up 上来 , 走近 ; 被提出 ; 发芽 ; 升起11.(1) even if ( = even though ): in spite of the fact; no matter whether 即使；尽管是连词词组，用
17、来引导让步状语从句；若主、从句皆表示将来情况，从句中可用一般现在时代替将来时。(2) even if 从句所说的不那么肯定。even though 从句是事实。12. So why has English changed over time? over= throughout / during 13. actually = in fact = as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上14. base on/upon以为基础be based on 15. close v./adj./ close (adv)位置上接近closely (adv) 抽象关系上的密切close to 相近
18、 , 靠近 , 几乎be close to 表状态get close to 表动作16. in the 1600 s= in the 1600s17. make (good/full/no/the most/ the best ) use of 使用18. a number of +可数名词复数大量的（其后谓语动词用复数）the number of +可数名词复数的数目（其后谓语动词用单数）The number of the students adds up to 2000 in our school. 只能修饰可数名词的：a large/ great/ good number of, a g
19、ood/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few 只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of, a large amount of, 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 quite a little, a large sum of 既可修饰可数，不可数名词的：plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity
20、 of 19. Only time will tell. 时间会证明一切tell 知道, 判断tell A from B: 区分，分别20 Believe it or not. 21. However, even on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way (that/ in which) people speak. 22. recognize = to know and remember sb/sth. one has seen before. 认出。从外表上辨认出，指一时性的动作know 表示知道有这个人并认识他，在一定
21、程度上对他有了解，指长久性的动作I know him, but when I saw him last night, I could hardly recognize him. Module 1 Unit 3 Travel journal 1. When are you leaving? Where are you staying? 用进行时表将来的动词: go , come, leave, start, begin, return, stay, play, fly, drive, sleep, reach, walking, ride, move2. dream about = dream
22、of sth /doing sth. dreamed/ dreamt dream that realize one s dream our dream come true have a dream= dream a dream 3. It was my sister who first had the ides to .强调句：It was/is+ 强调成分 +that-/who- 分句 It + be (not) + 强调部分 + that /who + 句子剩余部分 Be + it + 强调部分 + that /who + 句子剩余部分 ? Was it at the end of 200
23、1 that China joined WTO? 特殊疑问词 + be + it +that /who + 句子剩余部分 ? When was it that China joined WTO? 4. .persuade vt.说服 ; 劝服 ; vi. 被说服persuade + sb. sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事sb. that clause sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth. sb. out of doing sth. = persuade sb. not to do sth try to persuade sb to
24、do sth. = advise sb to do sth. 说服未成功5.although, though 引导让步状语从句不能再和but, and, however 连用, 但可以和副词yet, still连用。 although 从句多放在句首, though 从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although 无此用法。6. insist : 坚持认为，坚持主张1) insist on / upon one s doing sth 坚持做 ,坚决做2) insist that + 从句坚持说 /认为 (后表示一个事实), 后接的
25、从句用陈述语气, 既按需要选择时态。3) insist that sb. (should) do sth. 坚决主张做某事, 后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气7properly (adv.) proper (adj.) finally (adv.) final ( adj) 8. care about : be worried about 忧虑 ,关心名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 care for sb/sth
26、 : look after, love or like希望 , 喜欢 , 照顾9. determine v. 决定 , 下定决心 , 确定determined adj. 坚决的 , 有决心的1) determine to do sth.（动作）2) determine +从句3) determine +疑问词 + to do 4) be determined to do sth. 决心做（状态）He was determined to do it for a long time. 10.change ones mind 改变某人的主意make up ones mind 下定决心keepin m
27、ind 记住11.at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔米处attitude at 后接年龄 , 速度 , 长宽深高 , 价格 , 费用等“在处 /时, 以”at the age of at a high / low price at a depth/width of at the speed of at the cost of at a distance of 12 .the air was would hard to breath.主语+ be + adj.+ to do sth. 即不定式用主动形式表达被动含义这类形容词有surprised, mov
28、ed, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc. 13. give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于 , 让步 , 递交give up 放弃, 认输give out 筋疲力尽；分配give away 捐赠 , 泄露14. across / through /over across表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置,“横穿 , 横跨”表面 ,含义与 on 有关through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部, 含义与 in 有关over 表示 “越过”是指越过
29、较高的物体从一侧到另一侧The new railway winds its way to Tibet, over mountains through tunnels and across rivers. 15. as usual 16. encourage sb. to do sth. encourage sb in doing sth. encouraged/ encouraging 17. To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hill was great fun. fun fun U n. 玩笑 , 乐事
30、, 有趣的事have fun=enjoy oneself It is much/great fun to do 做很有趣18.change v.“换衣 , 更换”change n “零钱”get changed 换好衣服change A for B 用换19.make camp 扎营 , 宿营go camping 去露营 , 去野营 make +n.+ n. 使 make +n.+ adj. 使 make +n.+ do sth. 使某人做某事* 被动式be made to do sth make +n.+过去分词20.put up 举起 , 抬起= raise 挂起 , 张贴 建造 , 搭起
31、= build 住宿 , 留宿put away 把收起来, 存放put back 放回原处put down 放下 , 写下 , 镇压put forward 提出put off 推迟 , 拖延put out 扑灭 , 伸出put ones heart to 全神贯注于put an end to 使结束21. so far 22. We can hardly wait to see them! 23. for one thing, for another, .首先，其次on the one hand, . on the other hand.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - -
32、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 24. different adj. difference n. differently adv. differ v. the difference between A and B A be different from B. 25. be familiar to sb. ( 主语是物 ) 熟悉be familiar with sth. ( 主语是人 ) Module 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 1. It is a
33、lways calm before a strom. 2. right away =at once; in no time; immediately right now : at this very moment 3. rise raiz vi. 升起 , 起身 , 增长 , 上升 , rose-risen raise reiz vt. 升起 , 唤起 , 提高 , 使出现 , 饲养 , 筹集, 使复活raised-raised arise raiz vi. 出现 , 发生 , 起因于arose-arisen 4. burst : to come open or fly apart sudde
34、nly burst into + n. burst out + doing burst into tears/ laughter burst out crying / laughing 5. at an end be at an end at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示时间的场合到结束的时候，用于过去完成时态; in the end 意思“最后、终于” 。6. cut across 横穿，跨越cut in v.插嘴 , 插入 , cut off v.切断 , 断绝 , 剥夺继承权cut down. v.砍倒
35、 , 胜过 , 削减 , 删节cut up v.切碎 , 抨击 , 歼灭 , 使丧气cut out v.切掉, 裁剪出 , 取代 , 停止7. lay in ruins lielied lied lying 说谎lie lay lain lying 躺, 平放 , 展现 (开 ),位于laylaidlaid laying vt. 放置 , 铺设 , 布置vi.下蛋 , 打赌ruin /destroy /damage/ injure damage 指部分“损坏” 、 “损害”、 “破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。N.&V 用作名词时常与to something 连用。destroy 只能用作v.,指
36、彻底破坏 ,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、 “毁灭”解 ,也可以指希望、计划等打破。ruin 则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复 ,但这种破坏不像destroy 那样毁灭某物 ,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作“使毁灭”、 “使崩溃” ,“弄糟”解 ;用作名词时 ,它表示“毁灭” , “瓦解” ,“废墟”等抽象概念。ruin 也有借喻的用法8. injure: 身体上 , 肉体上，损害健康，成就，容貌的伤害hurt : 使身体部位 ,精神上，感情受到伤害,造成损失wound: 刀,子弹 ,名声等的伤害，战场上受伤harm: 肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽
37、象事物（尤指不道德的事情）9. be shocked be trapped in 10. wonder : v. in wonder wonder to do sth. / w- to do sth. /at / about n.奇迹 , 惊奇, 惊愕It is no wonder (that)= No wonder (that) 难怪名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 11. All hope was not
38、 lost. all not = not all , somebut not all （表示部分否定）all, both, each, every + not All of their answers were not right. = not all of their answers are right. 12. dig out 13. bury vt bury oneself in= be buried in devote oneself to= be devoted to 14 congratulation n.祝词 , 贺辞常用复数+ on congratulate sb. on st
39、h. 15. Judging from/ by = to judge by 由判断之Generally speaking Strictly speaking Frankly speaking 16. honor n.尊敬 , 敬意 , 荣誉 , 光荣vt.尊敬 , 给以荣誉in honor of sb./sth. in one s honour 为了纪念 /尊敬17 Prepare sth / to do sth./ sb to do sth. / for 准备 , 预备 , be/get prepared for in preparation for Module 1 Unit 5 Nels
40、on Mandela a modern hero 1.ask for 要求得到ask for sb. 找某人，要求见某人2. be willing to do sth 乐意（自愿）做, 心甘情愿做3. be active in 积极参加4. lose heart 丧失信心lose ones heart 爱上某人5. in trouble 处于不幸中，有麻烦，在监禁中6. die for 为而死die for 也意为“渴望，切望” （只用于进行时态）7. fight (fought, fought) fight for 为而战fight with + 人,国家与并肩作战fight against
41、 + 事物 n. 为反对作斗争fight against + 人,国家和（同）斗争=fight with 8. believe in sb. 信任某人believe sb= believe what sb says. 相信某人的话9. be free from 摆脱（不好的东西）的，无的10. be in prison. 在狱中，被监禁putin prison = send/take to prison = throw into prison 把投入监狱11. The time when I first met was a very difficult period of my life.Th
42、is was a time when one had got to .12. advise sth (one s) doing sth.sb.to do sth.建议某人干advise sb.not to do sth=advise sb.against doing sth. sb on sth. 就给某人出主意that clause sb (should) do advice (n.) a piece of advice take sbs advice 接受某人的劝告ask for advice ongive sb.(some) advice on. 给某人建议13. be +距离 /时间
43、+ away 有远14. continue to do /doing sth 15. fee 付给医生，律师，学校的费用，考试，俱乐部，入场卷收取的费用。fare （交通工具的）票价reward 报酬，奖金vt. 酬谢，给以报答in reward 作为报酬16. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine.= after I tried hard.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 17 页 - - - - -
44、- - - - 8 17. be worried about =worry about 担心18. out of work=lose one s job 失业（反） be in work 19. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights See表示“见证，目睹” ；(在某段时期 )发生 ,经历 ,经受，主语为时间或物The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people. 20. vote 投
45、票，参加选举，强调其过程choose选择 ,指从众多事物中挑选选举，elect 强调选举结果21.He has got himself into a dangerous situation where (in which) he is likely to lose control over the plan. 22. accept 主观接受receive 客观收到23. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. only then 此处引起倒装句，当only 修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装only 修饰主语时，句子
46、不倒装。24. as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上25. blow up 使充气，爆炸blow off 吹掉，吹走blow down 吹倒blow out 吹灭26. be equal to 等于，相当于27 imagine +n. / doing sth. /sb.+doing / that n. imagination 28. escape from sp. 逃脱 , 避开 , 溜走escape doing sth. 避免29. in one way = in a way (M2 Unit 3) = in some ways all the way 一直，一路
47、上by the way 顺便一提in this way 以这种方式in the way 妨碍挡路on one s/the way 在途中in no way 绝不No way！门儿都没有！lose ones way 迷路lead the way 带头，领先30. He taught us during the when we should have been asleep.should do 应该做 ,一般指现在或将来的动作，指过去的动作时应站在过去的角度。should have done 表示本应该做而没有做的.站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。asleep 是表语形容词，意为“睡着的”。sle
48、ep 是动词或名词，意为“睡觉”。sleepy 是形容词，意为“打盹的”31. As they were not cleverer than me, but did pas s their exam.“did pass” 为强调结构，强调谓语动词时，在动词原行前加do, does, did. eg. Do be careful! He does speak English well! I do hope you have a merry Christmas! 32. come to power = come into power 执政 , 当权，上台in power 当权，执政33. I fe
49、lt bad the first time I talked to a group. every time，每次就immediately ，the moment/ minute /instant=as soon as , next time 下次 .时,等起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. Next time he comes, he asks me for some money. 34. set up set out to do sth = set about doing sth.
50、 着手做某事35. be sentenced to 36. terror n. 恐怖，可怕的人或事fear n. &vt. 恐惧，可怕fear + n./to do /that for fear of for fear that 担心惟恐37 beat n. 敲击，跳动beating n. 打、输名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 Module 2 Unit 1 Cultural relics 1. survi