《高考英语二轮专题复习-名词性从句ppt课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语二轮专题复习-名词性从句ppt课件.ppt（52页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2017高考二轮复习名词性从句今后怎么考近年来，高考把对名词性从句的考查作为重中之重，尤其对宾语，表语从句的考查，这些都是常见的考查。备考策略：1.连接代词在从句中担当主语，宾语或表语；2.连接副词在从句中作状语；3.whether和if（是否），as if（好像）在从句中不担当句子成分；4.that在从句中不担当句子成分，也无任何意义；5.名词性从句使用陈述句语气。考点考点考点考点纵纵纵纵横横横横2016年全国卷2015年新课标卷20152016年地方卷 全国卷(宾语从句how)新课标卷(宾语从句how)2016年江苏(主语从句)2016年北京(主语从句)考考考考纲纲纲纲解解解解读读读读1.
2、了解名词性从句的基本用法;2.熟练掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在从句中的作用;3.what与that的区别；whether与if的区别；4.it作形式主语和形式宾语；5.that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别。1(2016北京，29)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.A.what B.that C.whether D.why解析：考查表语从句。句意为：雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全不受灰尘的袭扰。分析句子结构可知，is后的表语从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故
3、选B。2The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016天津，11)A.whether B.that C.which D.what 解析：考查同位语从句。句意为：经理提了个建议我们应雇个助手。要做的工作太多了。分析句子结构可知，空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明suggestion的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故选B项。BB考考考考题导题导题导题导引引引引3We must find out _ Karl is coming，so we c
4、an book a room for him.(2015重庆，8)A.when B.how C.where D.why解析：考查宾语从句。句意为：我们一定要搞清楚Karl什么时候来，以便我们给他订房间。由句意可知，要给Karl订房间，那么就要清楚他来这里的时间，故选when。4Your support is important to our work._ you can do helps.(2016北京，24)A.However B.Whoever C.Whatever D.Wherever解析：考查主语从句。句意为：你们的支持对我们的工作很重要，无论你们做什么都会有帮助。从句动词do需要宾语
5、，且引导主语从句，故用whatever，表示“无论什么”。CA考考考考题导题导题导题导引引引引知知知知识识识识网网网网络络络络知知知知识识识识梳理梳理梳理梳理名词性从句指的是在主句中起的作用相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、主语从句1引导主语从句的连接词：从属连词that,whether/if；连接代词what,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等；连接副词when,where,why,how,whenever等。That they were in truth sisters was clear from t
6、he facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们真是亲姐妹。What struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。2主语从句一般放在句首，但有时也可用it作形式主语，而将主语从句移到句子的末尾。常见的句型：(1)Itbe形容词(necessary/likely/important/uncertain等)that从句(2)Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder/no surprise
7、等)that从句(3)Itbe过去分词(said/reported/decided/believed等)that从句(4)It不及物动词(seem,appear,happen等)that从句It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。Its no surprise that our team has won the game.我们队获胜一点都
8、不令人吃惊。It is decided that the meeting will be put off till next Monday.会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。二、宾语从句1引导宾语从句的连接词：从属连词that,whether,if；连接代词what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等；连接副词when,where,why,how等；从句用陈述语序。We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们许诺，任何
9、参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。I truly believe that beauty comes from within.(2015北京高考单选)我确信美来自内在。We must find out when Karl is coming,so we can book a room for him.(2015重庆高考单选)我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们可以为他预订房间。2it作形式宾语的宾语从句(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：find,feel,think,consider,believe
10、,guess,suppose,make等。He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。(2)动词hate,like,dislike,appreciate,enjoy等表示“喜欢”、“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to,depend on,rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。三、表语从句1引导表语从句的
11、连接词：从属连词that,whether；连接代词what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等；连接副词when,where,why,how等；从句用陈述语序。Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方法来表达的。Id like to start my own business thats what Id do if I had the money.我愿意自己创业
12、那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。2as if/as though引导的表语从句as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在be动词，seem,look,taste,sound,feel,appear等动词之后。The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.浓雾覆盖着整座城市。好像把一个巨大的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。3because,why引导的表语从句because,why也可引导表语从句，但because引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason
13、或cause(该结构常用that引导)。常用于以下句型：This/That is/was why.这/那是.的原因。This/That is/was because.这/那是因为.The reason why.is/was that.的原因是.China is developing fast.Thats why I think those of my colleagues who deal with China affairs should visit China.中国在飞速发展，这就是我为什么认为我的那些跟中国打交道的同事应该访问中国。The reason why he didnt pass
14、 the exam was that he was too careless.他没有通过考试的原因是他太粗心了。四、同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。1常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有：advice 建议 conclusion 结论 demand要求doubt 怀疑 fact 事实 hope 希望idea 主意 information 信息 message 消息news 消息 order 命令 possibility 可能性promise 诺言 question 问题 request 请求suggestion 建议 thought 想法 pla
15、n计划I made a promise to myself that this year,my first year in high school,would be different.我对自己承诺：今年，我高中的第一年，会有所不同。Is there any possibility that you could pick me up at the airport?No problem.你有可能到机场接我吗？没问题。2引导同位语从句的连接词有：that,whether,how,where,when,why等。Evidence has been found through years of stu
16、dy that childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.通过多年的研究发现：有证据表明孩子的早期睡眠问题很有可能会随着他们的成长继续下去。She asked a question why there was a delay.她问了发生延误的原因。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么时候回家。名师指津：在同位语从句中，that,whether不作句子成分。that无实义，whether意为“是否”，if一般不引导同位语从句。
17、引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。考点考点1what和和that引导的名词性从句引导的名词性从句1.It is often the case _ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016江苏，江苏，21)A.why B.what C.as D.that解解析析考考查查主主语语从从句句的的引引导导词词。句句意意为为：通通常常情情况况下下，对对于于那那些些心心存存希希望望的的人人来来说说，一一切切皆皆有有可可能能。本本句句中中的的it为为形形式式主主语语，真真正正的的主主语语为为后面的名词性从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故
18、要用后面的名词性从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故要用that引导。引导。考点突破考点突破考点突破考点突破2.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.(2016北京，北京，29)A.what B.that C.whether D.why解解析析考考查查表表语语从从句句。句句意意为为：雨雨季季最最令令人人愉愉快快的的事事情情是是人人可可以以完完全全不不受受灰灰尘尘的的袭袭扰扰。分分析析句句子子结结构构可可知知，is后后的的表表语语从从句句中中不不缺缺少少成成分分，且句意完
19、整，故选且句意完整，故选B。3.A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not _ships are built for.(2015安徽，安徽，25)A.what B.whomC.why D.when解解析析考考查查表表语语从从句句的的引引导导词词。句句意意为为：船船停停在在港港口口里里是是很很安安全全的的，但但这这并并非非建建造造船船的的目目的的。空空格格处处引引导导的的从从句句作作表表语语，表表语语从从句句中中的的for后后缺缺少少宾宾语语，用用what引引导导，故故选选A。why和和when是是连连接接副副词词，不不能能作作宾语；宾语；whom指人。指人。4
20、.If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.(2015浙江，浙江，6)A.what B.who C.that D.whoever解解析析考考查查宾宾语语从从句句的的引引导导词词。句句意意为为：如如果果你你在在河河里里或或湖湖里里游游泳泳的的话话，务务必必调调查查清清楚楚水水面面之之下下有有什什么么。水水中中经经常常隐隐藏藏着着石石头头或或树树枝枝。分分析析句句子子结
21、结构构可可知知，此此处处investigate后后跟跟宾宾语语从从句句，从从句句缺缺少少主主语语，故故用用what引引导导。who与与whoever都都可可以以作作主主语语，但但是是不不符符合合句句意意；that在在名名词性从句中仅仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。词性从句中仅仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。5.Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for _ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.(2015陕西，陕西，19)A.what B.thatC.why D.how解解析析考考查查宾宾语语从从句句
22、的的引引导导词词。句句意意为为：读读了了多多丽丽丝丝莱莱辛辛的的传传记记，我我对对她她在在文文学学上上取取得得的的成成就就钦钦佩佩不不已已。分分析析句句子子结结构构可可知知，介介词词for后后接接的是宾语从句，从句中缺少的是宾语从句，从句中缺少achieve的宾语，故用的宾语，故用what引导。引导。考点归纳1.what引导名词性从句的五种用法：引导名词性从句的五种用法：(1)表示表示“的东西或事情的东西或事情”：Theyve done what they can to help her.他们已经尽力帮助了她。他们已经尽力帮助了她。He saves what he earns.他赚多少，积蓄多
23、少。他赚多少，积蓄多少。(2)表示表示“的人或的样子的人或的样子”：He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的那个样子了。他已经不是以前的那个样子了。Who is it that has made Fred what he is now?是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？(3)表示表示“的数量或数目的数量或数目”：Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.我们现在的收入是我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。年前的两倍。The number of the students in
24、 our school is ten times what it was before liberation.现在我校学生的数量是解放前的现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。倍。(4)表示表示“时间时间”：After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。The young girl was too frightened to speak，standing there for what seemed like hours.小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时
25、。小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。(5)表示表示“的地方的地方”：This is what they call Salt Lake City.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。In 1492，Columbus reached what is now called America.1492年年哥哥伦伦布布到到达达了了现在所称的美洲大陆。现在所称的美洲大陆。2.what 与与that引引导导名名词词性性从从句句时时的的区区别别：两两者者均均可可引引导导主主语语、表表语语、宾宾语语从从句句。that 可可引引导导同同位位语语从从句句，但但 what 通通常常不不用用于于
26、引引导导同同位位语语从从句句；what 可可在在从从句句中中用用作作主主语语、宾宾语语或或表表语语，意意为为“什什么么”或或“所所的的”，而而 that 仅仅起起连连接接作作用用，本本身身没没有有实实际际意意义义，在在从从句句中中也也不不充充当当任任何何句句子子成成分分(引引导导宾宾语语从从句句时时通通常常可可以以省省略略，如如果果有有两两个个或或两两个个以以上上并并列列的的宾宾语语从从句句，第第一一个个从从句句的的引引导导词词that可以省略，其余的不能省略可以省略，其余的不能省略)。He doesnt know what she likes.他不知道她喜欢什么。他不知道她喜欢什么。I be
27、lieve(that)he will come to see us.我相信他会来看我们的。我相信他会来看我们的。I had no idea that you were here.我不知道你在这儿。我不知道你在这儿。考点考点2同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别1.The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016天津，天津，11)A.whether B.that C.which D.what 解解析析考考查查同同位位语语从从句句
28、。句句意意为为：经经理理提提了了个个建建议议我我们们应应雇雇个个助助手手。要要做做的的工工作作太太多多了了。分分析析句句子子结结构构可可知知，空空格格后后的的同同位位语语从从句句用用来来解解释释说明说明suggestion的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故选的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故选B项。项。2.After investigation，the police found out one clue _ voices were heard calling for help from some very distant place that day.A.where B.whenC
29、.that D.whose 解解析析句句意意为为：在在调调查查之之后后，警警察察发发现现了了一一条条线线索索，那那天天有有人人听听到到远远处处某某个个地地方方传传来来了了呼呼救救声声。设设空空处处引引导导同同位位语语从从句句，从从句句意意义义、结结构构完整，应用完整，应用that引导，补充说明引导，补充说明one clue的具体内容。的具体内容。考点归纳1.判判断断是是同同位位语语从从句句还还是是定定语语从从句句可可以以用用“加加词词”的的方方法法，即即在在名名词词和和从从句句之之间间加加入一个入一个be动词，如果句子意思成立，则是同位语从句，否则，则是定语从句。动词，如果句子意思成立，则是同
30、位语从句，否则，则是定语从句。The notice that the meeting had to be put off was true.(同位语从句同位语从句)The notice was that the meeting had to be put off.The notice that he read just now was true.(定语从句定语从句)2.在在某某些些名名词词后后的的同同位位语语从从句句中中，其其谓谓语语动动词词应应用用虚虚拟拟语语气气形形式式：(should)动动词词原原形形。常常见见的的名名词词有有demand，request，advice，suggestio
31、n，order，plan，proposal等。等。The suggestion that a new bridge(should)be built was accepted.在这里修建一座新桥的建议被采纳了。在这里修建一座新桥的建议被采纳了。考点归纳考点考点3名词性从句中名词性从句中whether与与if的比较的比较1.We have offered him the position，but I dont have the slightest idea _ he will accept it.A.how B.ifC.whether D.that解解析析句句意意为为：我我们们给给他他提提供供了了
32、这这个个职职位位，但但是是不不知知道道她她是是否否会会接接受受。本本题题考考查查同同位位语语从从句句。whether he will accept it是是对对前前面面名名词词idea内内容容的补充说明。在同位语从句中表的补充说明。在同位语从句中表“是否是否”只可用只可用whether不可用不可用if。2.It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A.whether B.whenC.which D.where解解析析句句意意为为：老老汽汽车车站
33、站是是否否应应该该被被一一个个现现代代化化的的宾宾馆馆代代替替仍仍然然在在讨讨论论之之中中。由由or not可可知知此此处处应应用用连连接接词词whether，whether.or not意意为为“是否是否”。whether和和if在在宾宾语语从从句句中中经经常常可可以以互互换换，但但与与or或或or not连连用用时时只只能能用用whether；从从句句作作介介词词的的宾宾语语时时只只能能用用whether；在在引引导导主主语语从从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般用句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般用whether不用不用if。考点归纳I asked the teacher whether/if
34、it was true.我问老师这是否是真的。我问老师这是否是真的。The question was whether Tom has gone to Shanghai.问题是汤姆是否到上海去了。问题是汤姆是否到上海去了。The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been discussed.这个问题是否正确还没讨论。这个问题是否正确还没讨论。It all depends on whether theyll help us.这完全取决于他们是否帮助我们。这完全取决于他们是否帮助我们。考点考点4when，where，how，why引导
35、的名词性从句引导的名词性从句1.We must find out _ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.(2015重庆，重庆，8)A.when B.howC.where D.why解解析析考考查查宾宾语语从从句句。句句意意为为：我我们们一一定定要要搞搞清清楚楚Karl什什么么时时候候来来，以以便便我我们们给给他他订订房房间间。由由句句意意可可知知，要要给给Karl订订房房间间，那那么么就就要要清清楚楚他来这里的时间，故选他来这里的时间，故选when。2._ we understand things has a lot to do with
36、 what we feel.(2015北京，北京，35)A.Where B.HowC.Why D.When解解析析考考查查主主语语从从句句。句句意意为为：我我们们怎怎样样理理解解事事物物与与我我们们所所感感觉觉到到的的东东西西有有很很大大关关系系。分分析析句句子子结结构构可可知知“_ we understand things”为主语从句，结合句意可知选为主语从句，结合句意可知选B。3.The exhibition tells us_we should do something to stop air pollution.(2015四川，四川，8)A.where B.whyC.what D.wh
37、ich解解析析考考查查宾宾语语从从句句。句句意意为为：这这个个展展览览告告诉诉了了我我们们为为什什么么我我们们要要做做些些事事情情来来阻阻止止空空气气污污染染。宾宾语语从从句句中中缺缺少少状状语语，故故选选项项C、D错错误误；where引导地点状语从句，不符合题意，故选引导地点状语从句，不符合题意，故选why，表示，表示“的原因的原因”。4._ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some wont accept it.(2015江苏，江苏，25)A.That B.WhyC.Where D.How解解析
38、析考考查查主主语语从从句句。句句意意为为：李李白白，一一个个伟伟大大的的中中国国诗诗人人，其其出出生生地地是是众众所所周周知知的的，但但也也有有一一些些人人不不接接受受它它。“Where Li Bai.was born”作该句子的主语，表示作该句子的主语，表示“李白出生的地方李白出生的地方”。考点归纳连连接接副副词词指指的的是是既既具具有有副副词词的的特特点点，同同时时又又能能引引导导从从句句的的词词，主主要要有有when，where，how，why等等。这这些些词词在在从从句句中中既既作作特特定定的的成成分分，又又有有具体的含义，不能省略。大多数连接副词表示疑问意义。具体的含义，不能省略。大
39、多数连接副词表示疑问意义。When we shall meet again is unknown.我们何时才能再相见还不知道呢。我们何时才能再相见还不知道呢。(when引导主语从句，表示疑问引导主语从句，表示疑问)考点归纳I dont know how I can get out of such trouble.我真不知道如何才能摆脱这种困境。我真不知道如何才能摆脱这种困境。(how引导宾语从句，表示疑问引导宾语从句，表示疑问)This is where the accident happened.这是事故发生的地方。这是事故发生的地方。(where引导表语从句，不表疑问引导表语从句，不表疑问
40、)I have no idea why he left here.我不知道他为什么离开这里。我不知道他为什么离开这里。(why引导同位语从句，表示疑问引导同位语从句，表示疑问)考点考点5疑问词疑问词ever引导的名词性从句引导的名词性从句1.Your support is important to our work._ you can do helps.(2016北京，北京，24)A.However B.WhoeverC.Whatever D.Wherever解解析析考考查查主主语语从从句句。句句意意为为：你你们们的的支支持持对对我我们们的的工工作作很很重重要要，无无论论你你们们做做什什么么都
41、都会会有有帮帮助助。从从句句动动词词do需需要要宾宾语语，且且引引导导主主语语从句，故用从句，故用whatever，表示，表示“无论什么无论什么”。2.Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.(2014北京，北京，33)A.whatever B.wheneverC.wherever D.however解解析析考考查查宾宾语语从从句句。believe后后是是宾宾语语从从句句且且从从句句中中缺缺少少主主语语，四四个个选项中只有选项中只有whateve
42、r可以作主语。可以作主语。考点归纳whichever，whatever，whoever引引导导名名词词性性从从句句，它它们们本本身身有有词词义义，既既有有连连接接从从句句的的作作用用，又又在在从从句句中中分分别别充充当当主主语语、宾宾语语、定定语语成成分分，起起强强调调作作用用，意意思思是是“无论无论，不管，不管”。The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱乐部将给得胜者奖励。俱乐部将给得胜者奖励。(宾语从句宾语从句)I believe whatever he says.我相信他所说的一切。我相信他所说的一切。(宾语从句宾语从句)Whoever want
43、s to reach a distant goal must take many small steps.不论谁，要想达到一个远大的目标，就必须采取许多细小的步骤。不论谁，要想达到一个远大的目标，就必须采取许多细小的步骤。(主语从句主语从句)考点归纳真真真真题题题题感悟感悟感悟感悟1(2016高考全国II卷短文改错)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live._ 2(2016高考北京卷单选，29改编)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be ent
44、irely free from dust.3(2016高考天津卷单选，11改编)The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.4(2016高考江苏卷单选，21改编)It is often the case_ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.5(2016高考北京卷单选，24改编)Your support is important to our work._ you can do help
45、s.that-wherethat that that Whatever 6(2015高考北京卷单选，35改编)we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.7(2015高考江苏卷单选，25改编)_ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some wont accept it.8(2015高考浙江卷单选，6改编)If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate _ is below th
46、e water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.9(2014高考大纲卷单选，24改编)Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.HowWhere what when 10(2012高考新课标全国卷单选，24改编)It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike.11(2015高考全国
47、卷短文改错)After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing._ 12(2015高考全国卷语法填空)As natural architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.what wherethat或去掉where how13(2014高考广东卷语法填空)I
48、 didnt understand_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.14(2015高考全国卷短文改错)After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing._ 15(2015高考湖南卷单选，26改编)You have to know_ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.why wherethat或去掉where where 1.熟练掌握名词性从句的用法。2.认真完成课时作业。布置作布置作布置作布置作业业业业