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1、He is admitted to Xiamen University.l_makes us happy.(主语)lI dont know_.(宾语)lThe good news is_.(表语)lThe news _(同位语)makes us happy.He is admitted to Xiamen University.l_makes us happy.(主语)That he is admitted to Xiamen University makes us happy.(主语从句)lI dont know_.(宾语)I dont know that he is admitted to
2、 Xiamen University(宾语从句)lThe good news is_.(表语)The good news is that he is admitted to Xiamen University(表语从句)lThe news _(同位语)makes us happy.The news that he is admitted to Xiamen University makes us happy.(同位语从句)that引导名词性从句的连接词l引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：l 连接词：l连接代词：l连接副词：(无实义）无实义）（是否）（是否）（只起到连接作用，不充当从句的任何成分
3、）只起到连接作用，不充当从句的任何成分）that ,whether,ifwhat,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which（起连接作用，且作主语、宾语、表语、定语）（起连接作用，且作主语、宾语、表语、定语）when,whenever,where,wherever,how,however,why（起连接作用，且状语、表语）（起连接作用，且状语、表语）_ you have done might do harm to other people.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This1.might do harm to2.Sth.=_you have do
4、ne 作主语，是主语从句3.You have done_ 从句中缺成分，缺少宾语4.综上所述，确定答案为what,选择Bother peopleSth.S+V+O名词性从句的完成步骤名词性从句的完成步骤1.找出主句（谓语动词入手）2.确定从句，从句类型3.仔细发现从句中是否缺少成分,句子意思如何。4.根据以上判断确定引导词名词性名词性that-从句从句 1.由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。2.That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。3.名词性that-从句在句中能充当主 语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语l主语：That he is st
5、ill alive is sheer luck.l宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.l表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.l同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.l形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.That-从句需要注意的几点从句需要注意的几点That 引导主语
6、从句和同位语从句的区别引导主语从句和同位语从句的区别lThe fact_ disturbs everyone in his office.句子已经有主语l_disturbs everyone in his office.句子没有主语that he has not been seen recentlyThat he has not been seen recentlyThat 引导定语从句和同位语从句的区别引导定语从句和同位语从句的区别lThe news that he was admitted to Xiamen University made us happy.lThe news that
7、he told us made us happy.同位语从句，对该名词的解释，是该名词的内容。同位语从句，对该名词的解释，是该名词的内容。That，只有连接作用，无实义，不充当成分。，只有连接作用，无实义，不充当成分。定语从句，对该名词的修饰限定定语从句，对该名词的修饰限定that，关系代词，代替先行词，在从句中充当成，关系代词，代替先行词，在从句中充当成分宾语分宾语That-从句作从句作主语主语通常用通常用it作形式主语，而将真作形式主语，而将真正主语正主语that-从句置于句末从句置于句末;同样，同样，That-从句可从句可用用it做形式宾语做形式宾语,真正宾语放在句末。真正宾语放在句末。
8、lIt is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.lIts a pity that you should have to leave.lI keep it a secret that I will get promoted soon。用用it作形式主语的作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系同的搭配关系 la.It+be+形容词+that-从句It is necessary that有必要lb.It+be+-ed 分词+that-从句It is believed that人们相信lc.It+
9、be+名词+that-从句It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是ld.It+不及物动词+that-分句It appears/seems that似乎以下几种情况不能省略以下几种情况不能省略thatthat：1.当从句前面有插入语时 we hope,to tell you the truth,that you can stay with us.2.多个宾语从句，第二个和之后的宾语从句不能省略.He said he was wrong and that he would apologize to us.3.介词后的that不省略.The reason lies in that s
10、he works harder than others.4.用it做形式宾语时,真正的宾语从句that不省略 I find it impossible that he can finish the task all by himself.if,whether引导的名词从句引导的名词从句 从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同 注意：只起连接作用，不当成分，但是有意思只起连接作用，不当成分，但是有意思if,whether引导的名词从句引导的名词从句l主语：Whether
11、the plan is practical remains to be proved.l宾语：Let us know whether/if you can finish the article before Friday.l表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money.if,whether引导的名词从句引导的名词从句l同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.l形容词宾语：Shes doubtful whether we shall b
12、e able to come.名词性名词性wh-从句从句 1.由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。2.Wh-词包括who,whom,.whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever等连接代词和where,when,how,why等连接副词。3.Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当宾语补语和间接宾语等，lHow the book will sell depends on its author.lIn ones own home one can do what one likes.lThe club will give whoe
13、ver wins a prize.主语主语宾语宾语间接宾语间接宾语lMy question is who will take over president of the Foundation.lShe will name him whatever she wants to.lI couldnt answer your question when he will return.lIm not sure why she refused their invitation.表语表语宾语补足语宾语补足语同位语同位语形容词宾语形容词宾语Wh-从句需要注意的几个难点：从句需要注意的几个难点：1）Wh-从句作
14、主语也常用从句作主语也常用it做形式主语，做形式主语，而将而将wh-从句置于句末，从句置于句末，lIt is not yet decided who will do that job.还没决定谁做这项工作。lIt remains unknown when they are going to get married.他们何时结婚依然不明。2）Which 引导名词性从句，意思为：引导名词性从句，意思为：“哪一个哪一个”，可指人也可指物，表示在已知，可指人也可指物，表示在已知的具体的人、事、物中做出一种选择。的具体的人、事、物中做出一种选择。lPlease tell me which you lik
15、e better,the red one or the blue one?lI will buy the skirt which you choose for you.名词性从句：宾语从句定语从句3）What 引导名词性从句时，其意义为：引导名词性从句时，其意义为：“.的人的人/物物/地方等地方等”,可在从句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语可在从句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语She lives in what we call“spring city”.=she lives in the place that we call“spring city”.He is no longer what he us
16、ed to be.=he is no longer the person that he used to be.l做主语，宾语，表语时，做主语，宾语，表语时，what 可分解为可分解为“先行词先行词+关系代词关系代词”，即即“先行词先行词+that”I wonder what side effect the pill will bring about.做定语，翻译成做定语，翻译成“什么样的什么样的”4)注意注意who，whoever和和no matter who的用法的用法lWho引导名词性从句时，有疑问语气，突出表达的是“谁”这这一件事情一件事情,wh从句强调事情从句强调事情Who came
17、 late yesterday was unknown.(不知道谁迟到这件事，而不是不认识这个人不知道谁迟到这件事，而不是不认识这个人)lWhoever 引导名词性从句时，有两个作用：一，是相当于定语从句 anyone who,可理解为 who 引导的定语从句修饰anyone.它突出表达的是“谁”这样的人，whoever强调人Whoever came late yesterday should be criticized.=Anyone who came late yesterday should be criticized(是人该被批评)lWhoever 的另外一个作用是相当于 no mat
18、ter who,引导让步状语从句Whoever you are,you should not break the laws.=No matter who you are,you should notlWhoever 引导1、名词性从句，2、也引导状语从句；No matter who 只可以引导状语从句 名词性从句考查重点难点名词性从句考查重点难点 考例考例:_we cant get seems better than _we have.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what 考点之一考点之一:考查名词性从句中考查名词性从句中that与与w
19、hat的区别的区别分析分析:在名词性从句中在名词性从句中that与与what的区别是的区别是:that在名词在名词性从句中不作句子成分性从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用只起连接作用;而而what在名词性在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用从句中不仅起连接作用,而且作句子成分而且作句子成分.句子的意思是句子的意思是:我们不能得到的似乎比我们已经拥有的要好我们不能得到的似乎比我们已经拥有的要好.此题考查此题考查了两个名词性从句了两个名词性从句:主语从句和宾语从句主语从句和宾语从句,what在这两个在这两个名词性从句中都作宾语名词性从句中都作宾语.考点之二考点之二:考查名词性从句中的考查名词性从句中的it作
20、形式主语或形作形式主语或形式宾语式宾语考例考例1:_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It 考例考例2:I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.this D.them DA分析1:在这种名词性从句中为了保持句子的平衡,往往用先行词it作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面,尤其是that引导的主语从句往往用先行词it作形式主语.此句也可以改写为
21、:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.分析分析2:此题考查的是用先此题考查的是用先行词行词it作形式宾语作形式宾语,而把真而把真正的宾语从句放到后面正的宾语从句放到后面.其他几个词均不能作形其他几个词均不能作形式宾语式宾语.考点之三考点之三:考查名词性从句的语序考查名词性从句的语序 l考例考例:The photographs will show you _.A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.ho
22、w does our village look like D.how our village looks like l分析分析:在名词性从句中在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首除了关联词要提到句首之外之外,一律要用陈述句语序。一律要用陈述句语序。当关联词含疑问当关联词含疑问意义时意义时,有的学生就会受习惯影响错误地使用有的学生就会受习惯影响错误地使用疑问句语序。克服这种错误的关键是要找准从疑问句语序。克服这种错误的关键是要找准从句中的主语和谓语。本题句子的意思是句中的主语和谓语。本题句子的意思是:这些这些照片会告诉你我们村子是什么样。本题中根据照片会告诉你我们村子是什么样。本题中根据引导词引
23、导词what要作介词要作介词like的宾语的宾语,而副词而副词how不能作介词不能作介词like的宾语的宾语,故只能选故只能选B考点之四考点之四:考查名词性从句中的考查名词性从句中的whether,if以及以及that的区别的区别l考例考例1:_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where l考例考例2:What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.w
24、hen B.how C.whether D.why分析分析2:本题句子的意思是本题句子的意思是:医生真正怀疑的是我母医生真正怀疑的是我母亲是否能很快从重病中恢复过来亲是否能很快从重病中恢复过来.whether引导的引导的是表语从句是表语从句.分析分析1:句子的意思是句子的意思是:我们明天是否去野营要视我们明天是否去野营要视天气而定天气而定.whether与与if当当是否是否讲时的区别是讲时的区别是:在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换,但在引导主但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句以及介词后面语从句、表语从句和同位语从句以及介词后面的宾语从句或后面紧跟的宾语从句或后面紧跟
25、or not时通常只能用时通常只能用whether,而不能用而不能用if.考例考例3:It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.whether B.that C.if D.for 分析分析:本题句子的意思是本题句子的意思是:头发变白使她有头发变白使她有点儿不安。点儿不安。It作形式主语作形式主语,that引导的是引导的是主语从句。主语从句。whether,if以及以及that引导的引导的名词性从句的区别是名词性从句的区别是:whether与与if(当当是是否否讲时讲时)引导的名词性从句含有疑问意引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义义;而而th
26、at引导的名词性从句不含有疑问引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义。意义。考点之五考点之五:考查名词性从句中的考查名词性从句中的疑问词疑问词+ever引导引导的名词性从句及其与的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词疑问词引导的从引导的从句的区别句的区别 考例考例:Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.who C.whoever D.no matter who 分析分析:本题句子的意思是本题句子的意思是:萨拉希望跟自己有共萨拉希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友同爱好的人交朋友.疑问词疑问词+ever引导
27、的名词性引导的名词性从句与从句与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是疑问词引导的从句的区别是:前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句状语从句;后者只能引导让步状语从句后者只能引导让步状语从句后者只能引导让步状语从句后者只能引导让步状语从句.首先排首先排除除D.而选而选A.anyone则应在其后加则应在其后加who.从句中从句中需要的是主语需要的是主语,表示泛指任何有共同兴趣的人表示泛指任何有共同兴趣的人.考点之六考点之六:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 l考例考例:It is necessary that a co
28、llege student _ at least a foreign language.A.masters B.should master C.mastered D.will master 分析分析:本题选本题选 B.句子的意思是句子的意思是:大学生至少大学生至少应该掌握一门外语。应该掌握一门外语。It作形式主语作形式主语,that引导引导的主语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。的主语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。(1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气谓语动词用虚拟语气(should)+do,常用的句型有常用的句型有:
29、I.It is necessary(important,natural,strange,.)that.II.II.It is a pity(a shame,no wonder,)that.III.It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,.)that.如如:It is strange that she(should)think so.I insist that she(should)do her work alone.l(2)表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要
30、用虚拟语气语气,常用的这类动词有常用的这类动词有suggest,propose,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command等。等。His suggestion is that we(should)hold another meeting to discuss the question.(3)主语是主语是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表示等表示建议、建议、请求、要求、决定等请求、要求、决定等意思的词时意思的词时,表语从句表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should)+do。(4)表示表示建议、请求、命令、要求、决定建议、请求、命令、要求、决定等等意思的名词后面的意思的名词后面的同位语从句同位语从句中谓语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气动词要用虚拟语气(should)+do。They received orders that the work(should)be done at once.