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1、Preposition+which /+whomATTIBUTIVE:FOLLOW ATTIBUTIVE:FOLLOW ME!ME!定语从句定语从句Prep.+whomwhichTipsthat关系副词关系副词when,where,why和介词和介词+which之间的关系之间的关系关系副词关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词可以用适当的介词+which来替来替代。如：代。如：when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which。介词的位置介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。非常灵活，有时放在关系代词
2、之前，有时放在动词之后。1.Iwontforgetthedatewhen(onwhich)Iwasborn.2.Thisistheroomwhere(inwhich)Ilived.=ThisistheroomwhichIlivedin.3.Idontknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)hehaventcometoday.4.Tomstillremembersthedayswhen(inwhich)theylivedinTianjin.!注意注意:介词介词+which（指物（指物),不可省不可省 介词介词+whom（指人（指人),不可省不可省 介词后不用介词后不用whowho、t
3、hatthatThe cityThe city whichwhich she lives inin is far away.The manThe man whomwhom you spoke toto is our headmaster.Thefarmonwhichwe worked ten years ago is beautiful.This isthetreeunderwhichwe used to play games.Hangzhou is the placewhere/towhichIwentlast summer.I rememberthedaywhen/onwhichmy fa
4、ther died.I was only ten years old at that time.1.介词的确定方法介词的确定方法Themoneywithwhich you were to buy dog food is gone.He will never forget thedayonwhich he failed in the exam.根据先行词来确定根据先行词来确定We thought you were apersonfromwhom we could expect good decisions.TheWestLake,forwhich Hangzhou is famous,is a
5、beautiful place.根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定 Air,without which man cant live,is really important.根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定The pen with which he is writing now was bought yesterday.2.2.介词的位置介词的位置 一般情况下，介词放在关系代词一般情况下，介词放在关系代词whichwhich和和whomwhom之前，之前，也可放在动词后。也可放在动词后。固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前固定搭
6、配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有常见的这类动词短语有:lookfor/after/forwardto、carefor、takecareof、hearof/about/from,等等.This is the right place Im looking for.The girl whom he is looking after is his sister.介词介词 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句,关键关键是判断是判断介词的选择介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓方法一是看从句谓语部分语部分缺少什么介词缺少什么介词(习惯搭配习惯搭配),),再则可再则可以通过整个句子整体
7、含义来判断以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合结合生活实际来判断生活实际来判断.Tips1.Doyoulikethebookonwhichshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookforwhichshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookformwhichshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebookaboutwhichsheoftentalks?介词介词+关系代词的使用关系代词的使用5.ThemantowhomIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.6.Glasses,withoutwhic
8、hIcantseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.7.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,ofwhichweareproud.8.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?1.The man _I shook hands just now is my daughters English teacher.2.A desert is a great plain _ nothing will grow.3.He was the man _room the thief had stolen the bag.4.T
9、his is my pair of glasses,_I cannot see clearly.with whomin whichfrom whosewithout whichThis is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor.=This is the teacher thedaughterofwhom is a famous doctor.1.1.名词名词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词 We have three foreign teachers,twoofwhom are from Canada.2.2.数词数词+介词介词+关系代词关系
10、代词(含基数词、序数词、分数和含基数词、序数词、分数和百分数）百分数）3.3.代词代词+介词介词+关系代词（代词有关系代词（代词有allall、bothboth、nonenone、neitherneither、eithereither、somesome、anyany等）等）The old woman has two sons,bothofwhomare teachers.4.4.形容词最高级形容词最高级+介词介词+关系代词关系代词Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwanIsland.5.5.介词介词+关系代词关系代词+名词名词He
11、spentfouryearsincollege,duringwhichtimehestudiedmedicine.5.The girl _he spoke made no answer.6.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_are sold abroad.7.They asked me a lot of questions,many _ I couldnt answer.8.Two men,_I had ever seen before,came into my office.我以我以前从未见过他
12、们前从未见过他们neither of whomto whomof whichof which9.He got his first salary，_ he gave to his parents.其中一半其中一半10.Our country has many islands,_is Taiwan.其中最大的其中最大的11.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,_ the sailing time was 226 days.the largest of whichhalf of whichof which 介词加关
13、系代词的基本用法The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now?Did you find the paper _ I wrote my letter?Did you find the composition _ I wrote just now?with whomin whichwith whichon whichwhich The farm we worked te
14、n years ago isnt what it used to be.He is the man you can turn for help.This is the tree we used to play games.on whichto whomunder whichon the farm 在农场在农场turn to sb.for help 向某人求助向某人求助under the tree 在树下在树下n The sun gives us heat and light,_ we cant live.n The student _ we were talking just now is t
15、he best student in our class.n Ill never forget the day _ she said goodbye to me.n Who can give me the reason _ he hasnt turned up yet?without whichabout whomon whichfor which1.The teacher_ _ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu.2.This is the house_ _ LuXun once lived.3.The reason _ _ I came here is 4.that I w
16、ant to get your help.4.The fellow _ _ I spoke made no answer.5.The West Lake,_ _ Hangzhou is famous,is a beautiful place.from whom in whichfor which to whomfor whichPractice1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding_thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.Illneverforgettheday
17、_IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCAB4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,_sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhich
18、D.that6.sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCD7.Hebuiltatelescope_hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit8.Doyouknowthereason_hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhich9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC
19、.noneofthemD.neitherofthemCDB10.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhich11.Chinahasmanyrivers,_theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich12.Thisistheveryknife_Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhichACD13
20、.Thespeed_whichyoudriveyourcarmustnttoohigh.14.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolour_whichisbrightandnice.15.Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,_whichtherearemanypictures.16.Whatwerethethings_whichhewasnottoosure?17.Theyheldameeting,_whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech.18.Thebook,_whichhepaid6yuan,isworth
21、reading.atofinaboutatfor19.Isthistheman_whosehousethepolicefoundthelostcolouredTV?20.Thevillagersdugalongtunnel_whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers.21.WuDong,_whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.22.ThestoriesaboutLongMarch,_whichthisisoneexample,arewellwritten.inthr
22、oughwithof I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.状语状语 I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing.宾语宾语 The house _ we visited is being repaired now.宾语宾语 The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.状语状语when(which/that)(which/that)whereThe reason _ he didnt come to school y
23、esterday is that he was ill.The reason_he gave isnt believable.宾语宾语whythat whichx1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what 考点一考点一考点一考点一:that与与which的区别的区别先行词为先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,no,something,anything等不定代词时，关系
24、代词用等不定代词时，关系代词用that4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whomu 先行词为人和物的组合，关系代词用先行词为人和物的组合，关系代词用that。u 若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词 who 或或 which，为了避免重复，为了避免重复,关系代词用关系代词用 that。7.Whichwasthehotel_wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it6.Isoxygentheonlygas_he
25、lpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it u先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级形容词最高级(the best),the last,the very,the only 等时，关系代词用等时，关系代词用that。5.The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall.A.which B.that C.where D.it 1.先行词为先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anythin
26、g等等不定代词不定代词.2.先行词被先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时。等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时。等时。4.先行词为人和物的组合。先行词为人和物的组合。5.若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词who或者或者which，为了避免重复，为了避免重复,关系代词用关系代词用that。只用只用that的情况的情况:考点一考点一考点一考点一:that与与which的区别的区别 1.J
27、im passed the driving test 1.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised _ surprised everybody in the office.everybody in the office.A.which B that C this D.it A.which B that C this D.it 只用只用which的情况的情况:1.逗号后面逗号后面2.介词后面介词后面2.Theday_hewasbornwasAug.20,1952.AonwhichBthatCwhichD.thisu一个句子一个句子,两个定语从句两个定语从句,
28、为避免重复为避免重复,一个用一个用that,另一另一个用个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library _ was newly open to us.A that B which C where D asAnyone _breaks the law is punished.Those _ break the law are punished.He _ breaks the law is punished.在在one,anyone,those指人时一般用指人时一般用“who”。he/she/I/they作先行词
29、时作先行词时,用用“who”代替代替“that”.考点二考点二:that与与who的区别的区别whowhowho考点三考点三:介词介词+关系代词关系代词提醒提醒:介词介词 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介关键是判断介词的选择词的选择.方法一方法一:根据从句中根据从句中动词动词与与先行词先行词习惯搭配习惯搭配；方法二方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。逻辑关系。注意：注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由常常由“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用引出。此时关系代词只能用wh
30、ich或或whom;不可用不可用that或或who代替。代替。1.Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroominwhichmyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity.Italkedabouthimatthemeeting.Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeiji
31、ngUniversity.关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省，也不能省略，常用略，常用which或或whom。该介词通常可以放在关系代。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。词之前，也可放在从句之尾。但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor?考点四：考点四：as与与which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换,但但下列情
32、况多用下列情况多用asas。1.1.当与当与suchsuch或或the samethe same、soso、asas连用时，一般用连用时，一般用asas。Such Such books books as as you tell me are interestingyou tell me are interesting I have I have the same the same plan plan asas you.you.2.2.as as 引导的从句可以放在句首引导的从句可以放在句首,as,as本身有本身有“正如正如,正正象象”之意，与之连用的词有之意，与之连用的词有 knowknow、
33、seesee、expectexpect、AnnounceAnnounce、point out point out 等。等。AsAs we all know,the earth is round.we all know,the earth is round.1._Engelspointedout,labourcreatedmanhimself.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.TheysaidtheywereFrench._wasnttrue.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As3.Theclockstruckthirteen,_madeeveryonelaugh.A.
34、WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As4.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like考点五考点五:定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行先行词词保持一致。保持一致。1.Iamnotonewhoisafraidofdifficulty2.Dontchooseme,whoamnotfitforthisjob3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwritten
35、C.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls_wellinclass.!A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing1.Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek?!Isthisthefactory_wevisitedlastweek?A.whereB.thatC.towhichD.theone 解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。ExercisesExercises2.Letmethinkofaprop
36、ersituation_thissentencecanbeused.!A.whereB.thatC.ofwhomD.which 先行词是先行词是situation,case,scenesituation,case,scene时，且在定语从句时，且在定语从句中作状语时，一般用中作状语时，一般用where,where,最佳选择则是最佳选择则是in whichin which.DBA15.HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_areouroldfriends.HerearesomeplayersfromJapanandsomeof_areouroldfriends.!A.whichB.thatC.whomD.them非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句并列句并列句CDHomework Summarize the rules of attributive clause.