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1、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句(1)关系代词的选用关系代词的选用介词介词+ which（先行词为物先行词为物）+S.+V.介词介词+whom（先行词为人先行词为人）+S.+V.This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.这是我去上海时所乘坐的船。这是我去上海时所乘坐的船。This is the student for whom I bought the book.这是我给买书的那个学生。这是我给买书的那个学生。介词+whose(某人的/ 某物的） + n.+ s. + v.介词+which(那个，/种） + n.+ s. + v.The boss
2、in whose firm I worked for 10 years retired yesterday.我在他的公司供职十年的老板昨天退休了。I like reading before going to bed, in which way I can easily go to sleep.我喜欢在睡前看书，通过那种方式我能很快入睡。(2)介词的选用介词的选用确定确定“介词关系代词介词关系代词”中介词的方法主要有以下四中介词的方法主要有以下四种：种：根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用The fellow to whom I spoke made no
3、 answer at first.和我说话的那个人起先没有回答。(speak to)The West Lake，for which Hangzhou is famous，is a beautiful place西湖是个美丽的地方，杭州以此而闻名。(be famous for)根据先行词来确定根据先行词来确定In his room，we saw a big table on which there were all kinds of books.在他的屋子里，我看见一张上面放着各种书的大桌子。(on the table）根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定Air，with
4、out which man cant live，is really important.空气确实太重要了，没有它没有它人类就不能生存。有时需要同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和先行词的有时需要同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和先行词的搭配关系搭配关系The clever boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what was happening inside the house.这个聪明的孩子在墙上挖了一个洞通过它看到屋里面发生的事情。(see something through the hole)(3)介词的位置介词
5、的位置介词若与从句中的动词词组有关，可置于关系代词前，也可置于介词若与从句中的动词词组有关，可置于关系代词前，也可置于动词后，动词后，但若此介词与动词为固定词组，则此介词一般不前置。但若此介词与动词为固定词组，则此介词一般不前置。 Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which Lu Xun once lived.Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun once lived in.昨天，我们参观了鲁迅的故居。This is the very pen that Im looking f
6、or.这就是我正在寻找的那支钢笔。(look for为固定词组，介词for不前置)(4)在限制性定语从句中，介词前置时，关系代词不能用在限制性定语从句中，介词前置时，关系代词不能用that，且不能省略；若介词后置，则可以用且不能省略；若介词后置，则可以用that，也可以省略。，也可以省略。This is the school in which I studied 3 years ago.这就是三年前我在此学习过的那所学校。This is the school(which/that)I studied in 3 years ago.(5)表示表示所属关系所属关系时，介词应用时，介词应用of，关系
7、代词为，关系代词为which/whom，即，即 the+nofwhich/whom，或，或ofwhich/whom+ the+n可转可转换为换为whosen.。 He lives in a room，the window of which faces west.He lives in a room whose window faces west.他住在一个房间里，房间的窗子向西开着。The child was saved by a man，the name of whom was not known.The child was saved by a man，whose name was not known.(6)表示表示“整体中的一部分整体中的一部分”或或“中最中最的的”，介词一般也，介词一般也用用of,n/pron/num. + of+whom/which。 The Greens have two daughters，both of whom are college students.格林夫妇有两个女儿，她们都是大学生。China has many rivers，the longest of which is the Yangtze River.中国有众多河流，最长的是长江。