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1、Free TalkText ReviewLanguage PointsGrammarExercisesSpecial difficulties第1页/共36页Freetalk:Haveyoueverexperiencedanynaturaldisasters?volcano(火山)sandstorm(沙尘暴)Canyoutellsomekindofnaturaldisasters?第2页/共36页drought(旱灾)tsunami(海啸)typhoon（台风）fire(火灾）第3页/共36页Please watch the video and try not to read the subt
2、itle.第4页/共36页Questions on the textWhy were the surrounding villages of the hills threatened with destruction?What had begun to appear in the blackened soil in place of the great trees?第5页/共36页control spray floodsmoke quantity authoritydesolate root grass-seed threaten century destruction surrounding
3、 patch blackenKeywordsexpressions第6页/共36页 control kntrul n.控制 be in control of sth.指挥，管理或控制=be in charge of sth Who is in control of the plan?be under control 在控制之中 The fire has been under control.火势已受到控制。Dont worry,everything is under control.be out of control 失去控制 The Transformers was out of contr
4、ol.这个变形金刚失去了控制。v.I can control it.=I can manage it.我能对付(口语)第7页/共36页Smokesmoke smuk n.烟（雾）full of smoke 充满烟雾 There is no smoke without fire.无风不起浪have a smoke 抽一只烟smoker n.抽烟的人 heavy smoker 烟瘾重的人；nonsmoker 不抽烟的人 v.吸烟 Dont smoke!=No smoking!He smoked heavily.smoking area/smoking room 吸烟室 cigarette=ciga
5、r n.香烟 第8页/共36页threatenthreaten retn v.威胁 threaten to do sth.威胁着要做（与人相连）；有迹象表明 He threatened to make the photo public.threaten sb.with sth.以来威胁/恐吓某人 The thief threatened him with a knife.有预兆It threatened to rain.有迹象表明天要下雨了。联想：blackmail（勒索，敲诈），steal，rob第9页/共36页desolate deslt,desleit adj.荒凉的 a desolat
6、e house 废屋desolate adj.荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住,荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的(与人相连时)a desolate hilllonely adj.孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）第10页/共36页surrounding sraundi adj.周围的 the surrounding country 近郊(pl.)n.周围的事物，环境 school surroundingssurround v围绕，包围，围住 I live in an old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods.atmo
7、sphere n.大气层,氛围(在周边的人文环境)第11页/共36页authorityauthority:rti n.当局(常复 authorities)authorities concerned 有关当局；主管部门 权力，职权 the authority for entering room权威人士，来源 She is an authority on Spanish.Teachers are no longer the authority on everything and students are no longer the passive learners.第12页/共36页spray s
8、prei v.喷撒 spray sth.over/on 往上喷洒 spray water over/on flower spray grass-seed over/on the ground grass-seed 草籽grassland 草地grass-seeder 草籽播种机grass roots 群众第13页/共36页flood fld n.洪水,水灾 at the flood 涨潮，在最有利的时机 a flood of tears 泪如泉涌v.淹没 The room is flooded with water.v.溢满 Warmth flooded my heart.row agains
9、t the flood 逆水行舟第14页/共36页destruction distrkn n.破坏,毁灭 The fire caused the destruction of my books.引起毁坏的原因 Pride was her destruction.骄傲是她致命的弱点。destructive adj.破坏性的 a destructive fire destroy v.破坏 construct v.建设(为创造更好的条件)construction n.建设,建筑 construction bank 建设银行 第15页/共36页quantity kwntti n.（数）量 quanti
10、ties of 大量的 =in large quantity 大量 少量quality kwlti n.质量 sth.with good quality 具有好质量的东西 I prefer quality to quantity.small第16页/共36页root ru:t,rut n.根，根茎 the root of a treen.本质;根源 the root of the problemv.使立定不动；使固定 Fear rooted her to the ground.take root 生根 century senturi n.世纪；百年 at the turn of the cen
11、tury 在世纪之交她吓得呆若木鸡。第17页/共36页blacken blkn v.变黑，发暗 The smoke has blackened the walls.烟把墙熏黑了。诽谤 Jim blackened his deskmate by giving him names.-en后缀表示动词，译为“使变得”weak adj.虚弱的 weaken v.使变弱，削弱Widen loosen whiten deepen darken.第18页/共36页Language Points第19页/共36页1、Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for n
12、early three weeks before they could get it under control.fight sth.和作搏斗fight for freedom为自由而战fight a good fight 打了一场漂亮的仗have a fight win a fight,lose a fightWe hope to break through soon in the fight against AIDS get it under control 表示“使它得到控制”第20页/共36页2、A short time before,great trees had covered t
13、he countryside for miles around.a short time before和a short time ago都可以与段时间相连 a short time before 不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前 （同义词组：a short while before,not long ago）a short time ago 过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前 great trees 参天大树covershe covered her face with her hands.Dont judge the book by its cover.cover story
14、封面故事for miles around 方圆几英里（around表示“在周围，向四周”）This is the only modern building for miles around.第21页/共36页3、Now,smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills.rise up(from)从 升上来 smoke rise up (烟、雾)弥漫 rise to ones feet 站起身rise in the world 出头，发迹the rise and fall of the Roman Empire 罗马
15、帝国的兴衰The sun rises in the east.第22页/共36页4、Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction,for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.winter was coming on 冬季即将来临(季节的来临的通用表达式)，come on的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”
16、：for 因为，由于（用于主句之后，补充说明理由）I ll follow his advice,for he is a doctor.下面两个词也可以表示原因：As it is raining,let s stay at home.Since you have no license,you are not allowed to drive.wash away 冲掉，冲走，洗掉 A wooden bridge was washed away by the flood.第23页/共36页5、When the fire had at last been put out,the forest auth
17、orities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly.put out 扑灭 order 定购 We can order some more books online.命令，吩咐 order sb to do He ordered the army to circle the enemy.type强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类，与 kind有区别 第24页/共36页6、The planes had been planting seed for nearly a mon
18、th when it began to rain.plant seed/sow seed 播种7、By then,however,in many places the grass had already taken root.take root 表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”：This type of grass takes root easily.The idea has taken root in his mind.第25页/共36页8、In place of the great trees which had been growing there for cen
19、turies patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.in place of 替代，取代(只能指代位置、空间，原来放的东西现在不在了)Jane answered the phone in place of Mary.in place 恰当的，在恰当的位置上 I like to have everything in place.我喜欢样样事都恰得其所。out of place 不得其所 His dress was out of place at the ceremony.take the place of=replac
20、e Who will take the place of Mr White?谁将代替怀特先生？instead of 替代+没做的事 Instead of staying home,I went to school.（此句就不能用“in place of”，而指地点空间时，既可以用“in place of”也可以用“instead of”。）注意区别！第26页/共36页Grammar第27页/共36页Grammar 一、构成：had been+现在分词二、concept1、过去完成进行时用于强调某动作在过去更早的某一段时间内一直在进行，并对过去某一时刻产生结果。与它经常连用的表示时间的词有bef
21、ore,for,since,all day等.She was very tired.She had been typing letters all days.Id been racing horses for years before I met my wife.过去完成进行时（thepastperfectprogressivetense)第28页/共36页Grammar1.构成，had+过去分词2.概念，它表示过去某时或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作或情况，即“较早的过去”。常用的连词有when,after,as soon as,(not)until,by that time,(never)b
22、efore,already,for,since,just等。After he had said goodbye to us all,Captain Alison started his journey.除此之外还常与连词no soonerthan和hardlywhen连用。He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.过去完成时（Thesimplepastperfecttense)第29页/共36页Grammar过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较1、过去完成时和过去完成进行时有时
23、可以替换使用：Dan had worked/had been working for the firm for fifteen years when I first met him.我第一次遇到丹时，他已在该公司干了15年了。2.She had cleaned the office,so it was very tidy.她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。(强调结果)She had been cleaning the office,so we had to wait outside.她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。(强调动作一直在进行)第30页/共36页Grammar过去完成进行
24、时与过去完成时的比较3、需要表示某个工作已经完成时，只能用过去完成时.When I got home,I found that Jill had been painting her room.我回到家时，看见吉尔在粉刷她的房间。（工作尚未完成）When I got home,I found that Jill had painted her room.我回到家时，吉尔已经粉刷过她的房间了。（已完成）When I arrived,theyd already put the fire out.我到达时，他们已经把火扑灭了。（不可用过去完成进行时）第31页/共36页Exercises 1.they
25、received the parcel that they _ for a long time.A.expected B.have expected C.had been expecting D.had expected2.He _ more than 5,000 English words when he entered university at the age of 15.A.has learned B.would have learned C.learned D.had learned3.She didnt pass the exams because she_ her lessons
26、 well.A.wasnt prepared B.wasnt been prepared C.hadnt prepared D.was preparing4.We _ four thousand new words by the end of last years.A.had learned B.have learned C.learned D.will have learnedcDCB第32页/共36页Special difficulties2.great and big,它们都有大的意思，但great通常与重要性有关系，表示“伟大的”、“重大的”、重要的“等含义，big则较为口语化，表示体
27、积、规模等方面的”大“。Frank has just made a great decision.弗兰克刚作出一项重大的决定。This picture is said to be painted by a great painter.据说这幅画是一位伟大的画家画的。（不可用BIG)Sam is a big man.萨姆是个大块头。Your house is bigger than mine.(不用great)你家的房子比我家的大。另外表示大的单词large huge massive 第33页/共36页Special difficulties3.、soil and groundsoil主要用于指
28、“土”、”土地“、”土壤“Heavy rain will wash away the soil from desolate hills.大雨将把泥土从荒凉的山丘上冲走。Trees and grass grow quickly in rich soil.草木在肥沃的土壤里生长迅速。ground含义较广。它除了可以表示”土地“、”土壤“外，还可以表示”地面“、”场地“等。Dont sit on the ground.不要坐在地上。He threw the cup to the ground.他把茶杯摔在地上。There is a foorball ground in our university。我们大学里有一个足球场。第34页/共36页Please close your textbooks and notebooks,try your best to recall what you have learned in this class.第35页/共36页感谢您的观看！第36页/共36页