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1、volcano(火山火山)sandstorm(沙尘暴沙尘暴)第1页/共35页drought(旱灾旱灾)tsunami(海啸海啸)typhoon（台风）fire(火灾）火灾）第2页/共35页Earthquake of Tangshan in China in 1976The cracks cut across the roads.The buildings fell down.第3页/共35页Many things were destroyed,such as bridgerailwaybuildings第4页/共35页What do you think may happen before an
2、 earthquake?Bright lights in the skyChickens are flying and dogs are barking,and Pigs and cows are too nervous to eat.Fish jump out the pond,and mice run wildly out of the fields.The well has deep cracks in it,and the water in it rises and falls.第5页/共35页control spray floodsmoke quantity authoritydes
3、olate root grass-seed threaten century destruction surrounding patch blackenKey words expressions第6页/共35页controln.控制beincontrolofsth.指挥，管理或控制Whoisincontroloftheplan?beundercontrol在控制之中Thefirehasbeenundercontrol.火势已受到控制。Dontworry,everythingisundercontrol.beoutofcontrol失控Thefirewasoutofcontrol.大火失去了控制
4、。v.控制Icancontrolit.=Icanmanageit.我能对付(口语)第7页/共35页smoken.烟（雾）fullofsmoke充满烟雾haveasmoke抽一只烟smokern.抽烟的人heavysmoker烟瘾重的人nonsmoker不抽烟的人v.吸烟Dontsmoke!=Nosmoking!smokingarea/room吸烟室adj.smokey多烟的第8页/共35页desolateadj.荒凉的与地方相连，表示无人居住，荒芜人烟的与人相连，表示孤独的adesolatehouse废屋第9页/共35页threatenv.威胁threatensb.withsth.以来威胁/恐
5、吓某人Thethiefthreatenedhimwithaknife.有预兆Itsthreateningtorain.天可能要下雨。第10页/共35页surroundingadj.周围的thesurroundingcountry近郊surroundv.围绕，包围Iliveinanoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.第11页/共35页destructionn.破坏,毁灭Thefirecausedthedestructionofmybooks.引起毁坏的原因destructiveadj.破坏性的destroyv.破坏第12页/共35页flood/flo
6、odsn.洪水,水灾afloodoftears泪如泉涌v.淹没Theroomisfloodedwithwater.floodcontrol防洪第13页/共35页grass-seed草籽seed种子grassland草地spraysprein.喷雾器；水沫vt.喷射spraysth.over/on往上喷洒spraywaterover/onflowerauthority n.权威；权力；当局 forest authority 林业局第14页/共35页quantityn.（数）量quantitiesof大量的=inlargequantity大量少量qualitykwltin.质量sth.withgo
7、odquality具有好质量的东西small第15页/共35页rootru:t,rutn.根，根茎therootofatree树根n.本质;根源therootoftheproblem问题根源takeroot生根centuryn.世纪；百年attheturnofthecentury在世纪之交thetwentiethcenturythe21stcentury第16页/共35页patchn.(平面上的)一片,补丁(本意)pantsfullofpatchesapatchof一小片patchesof许多片v.修补patchtheroof第17页/共35页blackenv.使变黑，发暗Thesmokeha
8、sblackenedthewalls.烟把墙熏黑了。诽谤形容词+en后缀为动词，译为“使变得”weak虚弱的-weakenv.使变弱widenwhitendarken.第18页/共35页Specialdifficulties1、controlandcheck(1)control表示“指挥”、“控制”、“管理”等，TheSawyerscontrolthisfirm.（2）check表示检查“、”查看“Theyaregoingtocheckourpassports.第19页/共35页2.greatandbig,它们都有大的意思，但great通常表示重要性，“伟大的”、“重大的”、重要的“等含义，b
9、ig表示体积、规模等方面的”大“。Frankhasjustmadeagreatdecision.弗兰克刚作出一项重大的决定。Yourhouseisbiggerthanmine你家的房子比我家的大。第20页/共35页3.、soilandgroundsoil主要指“土”、”土地“、”土壤”（能让植物生长的）Heavyrainwillwashawaythesoilfromdesolatehills.大雨将把泥土从荒凉的山丘上冲走。Ground表示”地、”场地“等。Hethrewthecuptotheground.他把茶杯摔在地上。Thereisafoorballgroundinouruniversi
10、ty。我们大学里有一个足球场。P286第21页/共35页Grammar1.构成:had+过去分词2.概念 它表示过去某时或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作或情况，即“过去的过去”。常用的连词有when,as soon as,(not)until,by that time,(never)before,already等。例：After he had said goodbye to us all,Captain Alison started his journey.he had lived in Scotland for ten years before he came to England.过去完成时
11、 （The simple past perfect tense)第22页/共35页Grammar一、构成：had been+现在分词二、概念1、过去完成进行时用于强调某动作在过去的过去某一段时间内一直在进行，并对过去某一时刻产生结果。与它经常连用的表示时间的词有before,for,since,all day等.She was very tired.She had been typing letters all days.过去完成进行时（the past perfect progressive tense)第23页/共35页过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较1、过去完成时和过去完成进行时有时可以
12、替换使用：Dan had worked/had been working for the firm for fifteen years when I first met him.我第一次遇到丹时，他已在该公司干了15年了。2.Shehadcleanedtheoffice,soitwasverytidy.她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。(强调结果)Shehadbeencleaningtheoffice,sowehadtowaitoutside.她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。(强调动作一直在进行)第24页/共35页过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较3、需要表示某个工作已经完成时，只
13、能用过去完成时.表示未完成正在做用完成进行时。When I got home,I found that Jill had painted her room.我回到家时，吉尔已经粉刷过她的房间了。（已完成）When I arrived,theyd already put the fire out.我到达时，他们已经把火扑灭了。（不可用过去完成进行时）When I got home,I found that Jill had been painting her room.我回到家时，看见吉尔在粉刷她的房间。（工作尚未完成）P 285第25页/共35页Text环境保护environmentalpro
14、tection保护森林forestsprotectionWehaveonlyoneEarthafterall.第26页/共35页Languagepoints1、Firemenhadbeenfightingtheforestfirefornearlythreeweeksbeforetheycouldgetitundercontrol.fightsth.和作斗争getitundercontrol表示“使它得到控制”第27页/共35页2、Ashorttimebefore,greattreeshadcoveredthecountrysideformilesaround.ashorttimebefore
15、不久之前（同义词组：ashortwhilebefore,notlongago）greattrees参天大树cover覆盖formilesaround方圆几英里Thisistheonlymodernbuildingformilesaround.第28页/共35页4、Winterwascomingonandthehillsthreatenedthesurroundingvillageswithdestruction,forheavyrainwouldnotonlywashawaythesoilbutwouldcauseseriousfloodsaswell.winterwascomingon冬季即
16、将来临for因为（用于主句之后，补充说明理由）washaway冲掉，冲走，洗掉第29页/共35页3、Now,smokestillroseupfromthewarmgroundoverthedesolatehills.riseup(from)从升上来smokeriseup(烟、雾)弥漫warmground发热的地面第30页/共35页5、Whenthefirehadatlastbeenputout,theforestauthoritiesorderedseveraltonsofaspecialtypeofgrass-seedwhichwouldgrowquickly.putout扑灭order定购
17、还可做命令，吩咐讲：ordersbtodoHeorderedthearmytocircletheenemy.typeof种类（强调与其他同类东西有明显不同的特征的种类）第31页/共35页6、Bythen,however,inmanyplacesthegrasshadalreadytakenroot.takeroot表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某种想法等“扎根”：Thistypeofgrasstakesrooteasily.Theideahastakenrootinhismind.第32页/共35页7、Inplaceofthegreattreeswhichhadbeengrowingthereforcenturiespatchesofgreenhadbeguntoappearintheblackenedsoil.inplaceof替代，取代JaneansweredthephoneinplaceofMary.patchesof片片的第33页/共35页第34页/共35页感谢您的观看。第35页/共35页