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1、1。形容词的位置：。形容词的位置：形容词一般放被修饰词的前面形容词一般放被修饰词的前面It is a quiet but interesting place.形容词后置的情况形容词后置的情况1）。当形容词修饰不定代词）。当形容词修饰不定代词one,no,any,some或或every构成的复合词，如：构成的复合词，如：something,anything,nothingHe did everything possible to help us.2)只能充当表语的形容词必须后置只能充当表语的形容词必须后置She was the only person awake at that night.3)
2、Enough修饰名词既可放前也可放后，但所修修饰名词既可放前也可放后，但所修饰的名词放句首时，只能前置饰的名词放句首时，只能前置I have enough time(time enough)4)形容词形容词else放不定代词或疑问代词后作定语放不定代词或疑问代词后作定语Anything else can I do for you,sir?2.the+adj.表一类人（复数）和抽象概念（单数表一类人（复数）和抽象概念（单数）We should help the old and the disabled.多个形容词作定语的排列：多个形容词作定语的排列：限定词限定词/序数词序数词-基数词基数词描绘性
3、形容词描绘性形容词-大，大，小，长，短，高，低小，长，短，高，低-形状形状-年龄，新旧年龄，新旧-颜颜色色-国籍，地区，出处国籍，地区，出处-物质材料物质材料-用途，类用途，类别别+名词名词The old lady wants to buy a beautiful red Chinese silk dress for her daughter as a present.They bought a charming big round new black French wooden writing desk last year.3。意义相差很大的同根副词。意义相差很大的同根副词close 接近地
4、接近地 closely 密切地密切地free 免费地免费地 freely 自由地自由地 hard 努力地努力地 hardly 几乎不几乎不late 晚晚 lately 近来近来most 非常非常 mostly 主要地主要地wide 广阔地广阔地 widely 广泛地广泛地high 高高 highly 高度地高度地deep 深深 deeply 抽象意义的抽象意义的“深深”loud 大声地大声地 loudly 大声地大声地（含有（含有“喧闹喧闹”)near 邻近邻近 nearly 几乎几乎注意：不带不带ly表具体表具体多位于动词（宾语）后多位于动词（宾语）后介词前介词前与过去分词构成复合词与过去分
5、词构成复合词带带ly表抽象表抽象修饰形容词，副词，过去分词修饰形容词，副词，过去分词修饰动词位置不限修饰动词位置不限4。与形容词相关的几个句型：。与形容词相关的几个句型：1)toototoo+adj./adv.+to do 太。而不能做某事太。而不能做某事too+adj.(表个性品质）表个性品质）to do 非常。做。非常。做。toonot to do.太。不会不做。太。不会不做。not/never tooto do 永不、决不。永不、决不。only too/but tooto do 十分，非常，极其十分，非常，极其The boy is too young to go to school.=T
6、he boy is not old enough to go to school.He is eager to leave.She is only too pleased to help you.2）more than与其说（后面）倒不如说（前面）与其说（后面）倒不如说（前面）=be lessthan =be not so/as muchas =berather than.=be ratherthan.She was more frightened than hurt.=She was less hurt than frightened.=She was frightened rather t
7、han hurt.=She was rather frightened than hurt.3）can nottoo/can never too越。越好越。越好One can never be too careful to study.4）A对对B犹如犹如C对对D一样一样A is to B(just)as C is to D=A is to B what C is to D=(Just)As C is to D,so is A to B=What C is to D,that is A to BAir is to us as water is to fish.=Air is to us wha
8、t water is to fish.=As water is to fish,so is air to us.=What water is to fish,that is air to us.4。形容词和副词的比较等级的用法：。形容词和副词的比较等级的用法：比较等级的常见句型：比较等级的常见句型：1）as+原级原级as(as+adj.+a/an+单数名词单数名词as)Tom cant pay as high a price as I asked.Its not so/as difficult as I expected.2）比较级）比较级than+比较对象（比较对象（less+原级）原级）H
9、e is taller than I/me.Mary is less clever than Tom.3）the比较级比较级of the twoHe is the taller of the two.4）the+比较级。，比较级。，the+比较级。比较级。The more,the better.5）比较级）比较级and+比较级比较级The new city is becoming more than more beautiful.6）be one of/among+the+最高级最高级pl.He is one of the best football players in our class.
10、7）用介词）用介词by表相差的程度表相差的程度She is taller than me by three inches.8）一个人的两种性质的比较，用）一个人的两种性质的比较，用morethan-Ann acts quite unfriendly.-I think shes more shy than unfriendly.9）否定比较级表最高级的意义）否定比较级表最高级的意义He has never spent a more worrying day.10）no/not+比较级比较级than的特殊含义的特殊含义A is no more careful than B.A和和B一样都不细心一样
11、都不细心A is no less careful than B.A和和B一样细心一样细心A is not more careful than B.A不如不如B细心细心A is not less careful than B.A比比B细心细心11）than后加后加any other+单数名词，单数名词，allother,the others,any other,any of the other,anything else表最高级表最高级She plays the piano better than any other student/all other students/any of the o
12、ther students/any of the others/anybody else in her class.注意：注意：1。比较的对象应该相同。比较的对象应该相同The radios made in our factory are better than those(made)in your factory.The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.2.比较的对象不能相互包容比较的对象不能相互包容比较级比较级than+any other+单数名词单数名词/all(the)o
13、ther+pl./any one else/any of other+pl.The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.China is larger than any other country in Asia/any country in Africa.3。修饰比较级的修饰语有：。修饰比较级的修饰语有：rather,much,still,even,far,any,a lot,agreat deal,by far,a bit,three times.The students study e
14、ven harder than before.4。修饰最高级的修饰语有：序数词，。修饰最高级的修饰语有：序数词，by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not realy,not quite,nothing like.Id like to buy the second most expensive camera.5.比较状语中动词的使用：比较状语中动词的使用：Bob looks younger than I do.Bob looks younger than he is.Bob looked younger than I did.I know you better t
15、han he does.I know you better than him.6。比较中的省略比较中的省略：1）从句省略整个谓语，保留主语）从句省略整个谓语，保留主语 Our library has as many books as yours.2）省去谓语保留主语和）省去谓语保留主语和be,have或助动词或助动词Susan has done as much homework as you have.3）省略主语和谓语，保留状语）省略主语和谓语，保留状语She is much better than yesterday.4）省去整个）省去整个than从句从句She is much healt
16、hier and happier.无比较级，最高级的形容词和副词无比较级，最高级的形容词和副词1。表示比较，特殊意义的：。表示比较，特殊意义的：comparative(ly),relative(ly),special(ly)2。表绝对意义的。表绝对意义的unexpected(ly),entire(ly),excellent(ly),perfect(ly),total(ly),thorough(ly),whole(ly),complete(ly)3。表大小，极限，主观，上下的：。表大小，极限，主观，上下的：extreme(ly），），main,major,chief(ly),senior4。表性
17、质特征的。表性质特征的scientific,wooden,golden,woolen5。表独一无二的，形状的，强调的。表独一无二的，形状的，强调的only,single,round,level,very,own,simply,favorite倍数的表达法：1。主语谓语倍数。主语谓语倍数as原级原级as+比较对象比较对象The room where I stayed last night is three times as big as my own room.2。主语谓语倍数。主语谓语倍数the+度量名词度量名词of+比较对象比较对象 主语谓语倍数主语谓语倍数what-clause Our c
18、lassroom is three times the size of theirs.The length of the road is twice what it was three years ago.3。主语谓语倍数比较级。主语谓语倍数比较级than+比较对象比较对象 主语谓语比较级主语谓语比较级than+比较对象比较对象by+倍数倍数Tom has four times more money than I have.The line is longer than one by twice.A is 倍数倍数 +what从句从句The production is now three ti
19、mes what it was three years ago.副词的类别副词的类别1.按对象分类按对象分类 1）针对动词）针对动词 A.时间副词：时间副词：now recently B.频度副词：频度副词：always often C.地点副词：地点副词：nearby in at D.方式副词：方式副词：clearly badly gently E.程度副词程度副词:almost poorly F.强调副词：强调副词：simply truly quite G.方位副词：方位副词：inside backwards H.方面副词：方面副词：morally socially 2)句子副词句子副词
20、针对句子，针对句子，用于修饰整个句子，可以同用于修饰整个句子，可以同enough配合配合使用，如使用，如maybe,actually,fortunately,surely,luckily,funnily等。等。3）引导句子）引导句子 A.疑问副词：疑问副词：when where how why 引导特殊疑问句引导特殊疑问句 B.连接副词：连接副词：when where how why 引导状语从句引导状语从句 C.关系副词：关系副词：when where how why 引导定于从句引导定于从句 副词在句子中副词在句子中 的作用的作用1.做状语，修饰各种形式的动词。做状语，修饰各种形式的动词。
21、2.做表语，只限于那些既可做介词，又可做副词的小品词做表语，只限于那些既可做介词，又可做副词的小品词in out up down back 等。等。The light is still on.Are you through(with your work)?3.做宾语补足语，只限于上述的小品词。做宾语补足语，只限于上述的小品词。Keep your coat on if you feel cold.I want it back now.4.做定语，只限于上述的小品词。做定语，只限于上述的小品词。Write you name in the place below.The building aroun
22、d were badly damaged.5.做短语动词的一部分，只限于上述的小品词：做短语动词的一部分，只限于上述的小品词：give off go on get on副词的比较等级和使用副词的比较等级和使用1.副词等级的构成和使用与形容词的情况基本相同。副词等级的构成和使用与形容词的情况基本相同。2.副词的比较等级的一些特殊用法。副词的比较等级的一些特殊用法。1）had better/had best do sty:Wed better not disturb him.I had best fax them our plans.2)to know better than(to)do some
23、thing:懂得不宜懂得不宜作某事：作某事：He knew better than to mention this to her.3)to think better(of)sth:改变主意改变主意/决定不这样做：决定不这样做：He used to be a racial and thought better of it.形容词和副词及其短语形容词和副词及其短语用法举要用法举要4.to be+adj.+to/for sb to be important to/for sb to be necessary to/for sb to be useful to/for sb to be harmful
24、 to/for sb to be harmless to/for to be natural to sb(某人天生的某人天生的)to be unknown to sb to be helpful to sb to be valuable to 5.to be sorry 1)to be sorry,but.2)to be sorry that.3)to be sorry to do sth 4)to be/feel sorry for/about sb/sth6.to be afraid1)to be afraid to do sth 2)to be afraid of doing sth/s
25、th/sb7.adj.+and+adj.=adv.good and cold=very cold rare and hungry=very hungry nice and tired=very tired 8.most=very:He is a most(=very)proud man most(very)thankful 9.very,adj.一样的；同一的：一样的；同一的：the very question she asked yesterday10.seldom=hardly ever/rarely:11.happily for sb(sb is lucky）12.some time/s
26、ometime/sometimes13.one day(used in past or future)/some day(used in future)14.the other day(used in past)/some other day(used in future)15.every day(adv.)/everyday(adj.)16.would/had/d rather 1)would/d rather sb did/had done sty:I would rather you went home now。(present time)I would rather you had s
27、tayed with us yesterday.(past time)2)would/d rather do A than do B (不做不做B，做，做A)3)would/d rather not do A than do B (不做不做A，做，做B)17.pretty(=very/fairly/rather)18.rather/fairly1)rather bad/stupid/poor/cold/hot 加强语义，表示加强语义，表示“过于过于”：This is a rather easy question.(过于容易）过于容易）Its rather warm today.(perhaps
28、 too warm)2）fairly good/nice/brave/warm/cool 减弱语义，表示减弱语义，表示“相当相当”：Its fairly warm today.(=pleasantly warm)3）rather/too+adj.+for+n.:He is rather tall for his age.He is too thin for his height19.quite 1)not very:The book is quite long.2)completely/very:The story is quite wrong.3)(showing“understand”/“
29、agree”）-I feel we shouldnt spend more than$20.-Quite.1.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting.A.heavier B.heavy C.the heavier D.the heaviestB.2.The _house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years.C.little white wooden B.little wooden whiteD.C.white wooden little D.wooden w
30、hite littleE.3.There are two buildings,_stands nearly a hundred feet high.F.the larger B.the larger of themG.C.the larger one that D.the larger of whichAAD4.It is reported that the United States uses _energy as the whole of Europe.A.as twice B.twice muchB.C.twice much as D.twice as muchC.5.Allen had
31、 to call a taxi because the box was _to carry all the way home.D.much too heavy B.too much heavyE.C.heavy too much D.too heavy much6.He did it _ it took me.A.one-third a time B.one-third timeB.C.the one-third time D.one-third the timeDAD7.Boris has brains.In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class
32、has _IQA.a high B.a higher C.the higher D.the highestB.8.In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go,_.C.our holiday will be better.D.our holiday will be bestE.the better our holiday will beF.the better will our holiday be.BC9._to take this adventure
33、 course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A.Brave enough students B.B.Enough brave studentsC.Students brave enough D.Students enough brave10.-Jim has his wife do all the house work!Isnt he wise?-Not really.He is _.A.more wise than lazy B.wiser than lazyB.C.more lazy than wise D.lazier than
34、 wiseCC11.After a long walk,she was _ tired that she had to go upstairs and rest.A.much B.enough C.too D.thatB.12.Why didnt you buy the camera you had longed for?C.-I had planned to,but I was$50 _.D.fewer B.less C.cheap D.shortE.13.John is very lazy.He falls _ behind in his studies.F.very B.more C.f
35、ar D.stillDDC14.It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold,so she stood _to her mother.A.close B.closely C.closed D.closing15.Engines are to machines _hearts are to animals.A.as B.that C.what D.which16.I was riding along the street and all of a sudden,a car cut in and knocked me down.-You can never be _careful in the street.A.much B.very C.so D.too17.Have you been to New Zealand?-No.Id like to,_.A.too B.though C.yet D.eitherACDB