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1、,形容词及副词,用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征的词。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.,什么叫形容词?,在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分,e.g. He is a good student. I have something important to tell you.,当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every- 构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些 不定代词的之后. e.g.,Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?,作定语,The trees turn green in sp
2、ring. We are alone on the island.,只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词 你能说出几个？,alone afraid awake asleep alive able,作表语,形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语e.g.,We must keep the classroom clean.,He made us happy.,作宾语补足语,Colour it green.,形容词的比较级和最高级构成,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,bigges
3、t hottest fattest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer,narrowest cleverest,more difficult more popular more slowly,most difficult most popular most slowly,少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est,规则变化,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,far
4、thest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,形容词原级的常用句型,Tom is as tall as Mike.,as+形容词原形+as,There are as many students in our school as yours.,Tom is three times as old as Mike.,否定 not as+形容词原形+as “和 不一样” 或 not so+形容词原形+as “不及不如,Tom is not as tall as Mike.,Tom is not so tall as Mike.,比较级+than,形容词比较级的常用句型,This
5、 bridge is longer than that one.,Our school is larger than theirs.,表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which is+ 比较级，or?”,表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级+than”,Which is longer, this one or that?,This park is less beautiful than that one.,This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons.,so+ 形容词原级+that丛句,He is so big that he cant enter the r
6、oom bythe door ., too+原级+ to do sth.,He is too young to join the army.,形容词原级+ enough to do sth.,“The+比较级，the+比较级”,“比较级+and+比较级”,The smaller the house is, the less it will cost us the heat.,In spring, the days are getting longer and longer.,one of the+最高级+名词复数,形容词最高级的常用句型,最高级+of (in),This is/ was the
7、最高级+名词+that定语从句,Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.,This is the worst film that I have seen these years.,Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best.,B. 形容词的构成,1.名词+ y变为形容词,n + y: rainy, sunny foggy stormy, windy, snowy, frosty, cloudy, lucky, healthy, sleepy, noisy, guilt
8、y,2.名词+ ly变为形容词,n + ly: lovely, friendly, lonely, lively weekly, daily,3.名词+ 其它后缀变为形容词：,n+ ful: careful, beautiful n+ less: careless, useless n+ ous: dangerous,1.He looked _ because he didnt pass the exam. (happy) 2.It is _ to shout at the old people. (polite),unhappy,impolite,Can you change the flo
9、wing words into opposites? +: possible _ patient_ +: correct_ active_ +: necessary_ friendly_ +: honest_ +: regular_,impossible,impatient,incorrect,inactive,unnecessary,unfriendly,dishonest,irregular,im,in,un,dis,ir,We can add prefixes to some adjectives to form opposites.,某些形容词可以加上特定的前缀变成相应的反义词,用来修
10、饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或 名词词组及句子的词。 e.g.,什么叫副词?,very, early, out, soon, quickly, etc.,Scientists are worried that something in the air may lead to various diseases including lung cancer. Shi Yuankai, one of the famous doctors in Shanghai, said longtime stay in the harmful air the air with something smaller
11、than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) which goes to the lungs, is a major health threat.,really,Try to find out all the adverbs!,especially,directly,Air quality in the capital is bad because of the heavy fog. Beijings air was widely polluted on Monday, according to the China National Environmental Controllin
12、g Center. In Beijing, the lung cancer rate has increased fast during the past few years. Increasing air pollution might be blamed(v.把归咎于 ) for the use of cars.Worsely, protective ways like wearing face masks help because the dust is small.,Try to find out all the adverbs!,very,hardly,too,1.修饰动词,2.修饰
13、形容词,3.修饰副词,4.修饰整句,goes directly to,are really worried,has increased quite fast,Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help,Shi Yuankai, one of the famous doctors in Shanghai, said longtime stay in the harmful air especially the air with something smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) w
14、hich goes directly to the lungs, is a major health threat. Beijings air was widely polluted on Monday, according to the China National Environmental Controlling Center. Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.,When do we use adverbs ?,1. 修饰动词,In Beiji
15、ng, the lung cancer rate has increased quite fast during the past few years.,When do we use adverbs ?,3.修饰副词,Scientists are really worried that something in the air may lead to various diseases including lung cancer. Air quality in the capital is very bad because of the heavy fog. Worse, protective
16、ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.,When do we use adverbs ?,2.修饰在形容词,Shi Yuankai, one of the famous doctors in Shanghai, said longtime stay in the harmful air especially the air with something smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) which goes directly to the lungs,
17、 is a major health threat. Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.,When do we use adverbs ?,4.修饰整句,We can take a walk, for the wind blows _ in March than in February. (gentle),Of all the pollution fighters, trees protect our environment _ (good). So
18、we should plant more trees.,_, we can save more electricity during Earth Hour. (actual),Actually,carefully,more gently,best,What can we do to save the earth?,sort v. 分类,We can sort the rubbish as _ as our classmates.(careful),1. 频率副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never I usually watch T
19、V. 2. 程度副词 very, quite ,so, such ,really ,rather, too , enough Its very/so hot today. 3. 方式副词(-ly) My father shouted at me angrily. 4. 疑问副词 how long, how far, how often, how soon, how much -How long have you been away from your hometown? -Since 5 years ago.,D. 副词的分类,1. 在大多数的形容词后加-ly sweetly, beautif
20、ully, loudly 2. happily, angrily, noisily 3. 4.以le结尾的，去e+y,E. 方式副词的构成,以e结尾,+ ly, nicely，politely，safely（true- truly）,辅音字母加-y结尾，变y为i再加-ly,terrible-terribly, possibly, comfortably,1. 许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词，但有些以-ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词。 如：friendly, lonely, lovely, lively, likely, daily,2. 有些形容词和副词同形： 如：early，late， f
21、ast，high，hard，straight （请注意hardly的意思及用法）,易错点：,1. much, still, a bit, even, far, a lot等常用来修饰比较级 *She is much taller than Mrs. Liu. *This problem is a little more difficult than the other one.,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的注意点：,2. 在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词 Marys hair is the same color as her mot
22、hers. *The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai *This pen is shorter than that one.,副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.,形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.,Attentions,Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.,Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.,fast-faster-fastest slowly- more slowly
23、 most slowly,1. The bread is _ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious,2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far,3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _ A. happily B. h
24、appy C. happier D. happiest,C,C,Practice,A,4. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter 5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 6. An elephant is _ than a
25、tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier,D,C,D,7. A horse is _ than a dog . A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy 8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless 9. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. in
26、teresting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting,C,D,C,10. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box . A. strong B. stronger C. much stronger D. the strongest 11. Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy . A. less more B. few much C. more little D. little many 12. When the famous singer started to sing , everyone began to shout very _ . A. loudly B. loud C. heavily D. high,A,A,A,