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1、I Module 5 The Conquest U-so of the Universe基础知识梳理JICHU ZHISHI SHULI构建知识体系词汇速记课标单词标记熟悉单诃，回受陌生单词 leap n. autonomous adj. broad adj. consult v.joint adj. authority n. sympathy n. whilst conj. Mars n. swear v. commitment n. arguably adv. Jupiter n. avenge v. ought v. dramatic adj. Aldebaran n. latter n
2、. consistent adj. invasion n. probe n. grasp n. failh n. alien n. Saturn n. glory n. rational adj. impact n.shuttle n. division n. dignity n. inescapable adj. planet n. airspace n. pray v. vanguard n. ultraviolet adj. motherland n.Uholy adj. underway adj.random adj. abstract adj. acute adj. hysteria
3、 n. backwards adv. foresee v. stable adj. newsflash n. knight n. destiny n. supreme adj. mounting adj.tension n. aid n. scholar n.高考热点熟词生义你知遑了面红H黑体词的汉语立思吗J1. （2020.浙江卷）By 9: 33 a. m. a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. 一阵2. （2020江苏卷）And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can
4、 see because of the commitment Wilson made to preventing the preventable. 奉献3. （2018全国卷 I ）A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.理解力I.用所给词的正确形式填空。1. Devoted(devote) to his teaching work all the time, the teacher really require
5、d a good rest.2. The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, depending(depend) on your different answers.3. I tried to comfort him after he was dcfcatcd(dcfcat) by his opponent.4. The new government must set out to find(find) solutions to the countrys economic problems.5. With economy devel
6、opment at great speed, our city has witnessed(witness) quite a few changes in recent years.n.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1. Though he had tried to overcome his shyness, he didnt make it.2. If you dont know which university to go to, consult the teacher foi advice.3. To my great relief, grandmothers illness proved
7、not to be as serious as we had feared.4. If you are interested in something, devote yourself to it and finally you will make it.5. I want to start making changes in my life, but Im not sure how to get things set in motion.强技提能语言应用I .语法填空In spite of all our 1 .advanced(advance) technology, the world
8、is still at the very beginning of its voyage into space.In 2.the 1950s, China set out 3.to cxplorc(explore) space. In 2008, millions of people turned on the TV and 4.witnessed(witness) Chinese first space walk. It was really a historic event, which had a great impact 5.on space exploration. At the s
9、ame time, China set out its lunar exploration program. Many programs are underway. In the last decade, China has made a scries of 6.achicvcmcnts(achicvcmcnt). Changc-2 has sent back several pictures of the moons surface. The surface of the moon is not similar to 7.that of the earth, which is consist
10、ent with scientists previous expectation.8. Based(base) on human beings* dream, a series of fiction novels and films appeared. Many of them are based on the 9.assurnption(assume) that the aliens from other planets will invade our earth. The aliens invasion can make the earth 10.destroyed(destroy). A
11、ll of them are very scary and dramatic.II.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)过去的十年见证了在太空科技中取得的一系列历史性的成功。The past decade witnessed a series of historic achievements in space technology. 虽然我们对火星所知甚少，但是人类已开始探测火星。Though we know little about Mars, man has set out to explore Mars.已有30多个探测器成功地到达了火星。More than
12、30 probes have made it to Mars.尽管如此，人们认为我们应该知道更多关于火星的知识。In spite of that, people acknowledge that we ought to know more about Mars.虽然火星表面与地球的表面相似，但是火星上是否有生命取决于进一步的 研窕。Though its surface is similar to that of the earth, whether there is life on the Mars depends on further research.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的
13、结构以使表达升级)(1)用倒装句改写句Little as we know about Mars, man has set out to explorx it.(2)用被动语态改写句In_spite_ ofLthat, it is acknowledged_that_we_ ought to_know more aboul Mars.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)The pant decade witnessed a series of historic achievements in space technology. Furthermore, little as w
14、e know about Ma】s, man has set out to explore it. So far, more than 30 probes have made it lo Mars.In spile of Ihal, it is acknowledged that wc oughl lo know more about Mars.Though ils surface is similar lo ihal of Ihe earth, whetherhere is life on the Mars depends on further research.4. （2018江苏卷）To
15、 make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed （诊断）with a serious disease.There was no cure, only pain relief. 缓解； 减轻5. （2017江苏卷）However, one day, in the music class that was part of his schools standard curriculum, he was playing idly （随意地）on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes.曲调单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1
16、. historic 力.历史性的,有重大历 史意义的2. 她虺0.收看（电视）;收听（广播）3. witness v.目击，亲眼看见；亲 身经历4. burst v.爆炸5. view v.看，观察6. decade n. 十年7. acknowledge v. 承认； 认为8. deed n.行为9. defeat n.失败10. accuse v.指责11. sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛12. deliberately a面.蓄意地,故意地用所给词的适当形式填空。1. （2020新高考全国卷 I）However, her children have learned an importan
17、t lesson witnessing（witness） their mother earn her degree.2. （2020全国卷 I ）Those viewing（view） the quality of Abbot Halls temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.3. （2019浙江卷）Weve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades（decade） ago when parents tended to be m
18、ore strict.4. （2018天津卷）1 knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated（defeai）.5. There are many good deeds （deed） in our class, indeed in the whole school.派生单词语境运用1. accustom v.使习惯于 accustomed adj.习惯的2. assume v. 假定，假 设f assuming conj.假定，如果f assumption n.假用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Altho
19、ugh the patienl was out of patience,the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently.（patient）I短语理解运用定，假设3. patient 的.耐心的.病人 f patience n. 耐心一patiently adv. 耐心地4. advance v. &.前进；进展 f advanced l力.高级的,先进的5. depends 依靠；取决于f dependent adj；依赖的 dependence n. 依赖，依靠f independence n.独立6. relie
20、f n.安慰；宽慰f relieve v.安 慰；宽慰7. devote v.致力于f devoted adj. 忠、诚的一devolion n .忠诚8. observe v. 观察f observation 观察；监视2. At first, Anne totally depended on Jack, her husband. After many years of struggle, she gained her indeDendence and now she is dcDcndcnt on herself to lead a new life.(depend)3. It was f
21、irst assumed that he was the murderer, but later it turned out to be a false assumption.(assume)4. With the help of the advanced technology, wc can complete the task in advance.(advance)5. Mr. Black is my devoted friend.He devotes his life to doing scientific research.I respect his devotion to scicn
22、ce.(devote)高频短语语境运用1. in spite of不管；尽管2. at Iha very beginning of 在一开始3. be accustomed lo 习惯于4. accuse_sb.ojdoing_ slh. 指责某人某事5. pray_for祈望；祈求6. makc/have_an impacl on 对有影响选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Tom used to be a bad boy.He was_accustomcd_to doing some things that he shouldnt have done.In spite of the fact th
23、at he was accused of looking down upon the disabled person in public, he turned a deaf ear to it, which made a bad impact_on the other students in his class.After his headteachers patient teaching, he became a good boy finally.7. set out开始做；着手进行选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。8. be_similar to 与 相似Tsunamis (海啸)are a_s
24、eries of huge9. a series of 一系列的；一连串的waves created by an underground1(). break_out 爆发movement such as earthquake or a11. (be) _aware_of 意识到，明白volcanic eruption. A tsunami can travel12. result in导致，引起13. make it成功，及时到达hundreds of miles per hour in the open ocean and hit the land with huge waves.A mov
25、ement of the ocean floor, caused by earthquakes, most often results in tsunamis.If a tsunami occurs close to a coast, the first wave could reach the beach in a few minutes, even before you are aware of it.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1 .seem to have done sth,似乎做了某事 By the time the Challenger took off in 1986,
26、the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going up into space.这个名字好耳熟，好像我听老师提 到过。The name sounds so familiar.I ssem to have heard it mentioned by my teacher.2.no + 比较级 + than.表 zf 和样不”The world was in shockmaybe they assumed this space flight would be no
27、more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane.两个故事我都不喜欢，因为这个故 事和那个故事一样无趣。I like neither of the two stories, for this story is nn_more_inleresting_lhaa that one.3.as引导让步状语从句。Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that.
28、虽然这部手机很便宜，但因为过时 了，很多人不愿意买它。Cheap as this mobile phone is,many people refuse to buy it because its out of date.重唯考点探究ZHONGNAN KAOOIAN TANJIU突破思维瓶颈1. accustomed。刃.习惯的；通常的，惯常的(l)be accustomed to (doing)sth.习惯于做某事(状态)gct/bccomc accustomed to (doing)sth.习惯于做某事(动作)(2)accustom ”使习惯于accustom oneself to (doi
29、ng)sth.使自己习惯于(做)某事词块积累take his accustomed seat by the fire坐在火炉旁他常坐的座位上a person accustomed to having eight hours sleep a night 一个习惯每晚睡 8 小时 的人accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations 使自己适应所有新的规章 制度I基础练习单句语法填空However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves worki
30、ng to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly become accustomed (accustom).Having lots of interesting things to do, I finally got accustomed to enjoying (enjoy) my school life.To breathe in more fresh air, you must accustom yourself to getting up early.链接写作一句多译我习惯于生活在乡村，总是觉得生活在城市很困难。Accu
31、stomed to living in_ihe counlryalways find it hard to live in the city.(过去分词短语作状语)Accustoming mysclfLtoiving in the country,I always find it hard to live in the city.(现在分词短语作状语)2. assume p.假设，假定，认为；承担；假装离考原句 2() 19江苏卷We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain
32、power, more must be better.一词多义写出下列句中assume的含义(2019江苏卷)We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. 假定He promises to assume the responsibility if the task cant be completed on time. 承担The look of innocence she
33、assumed had us all fooled. 假装(I )assume that.假定，认为it is assumed(that).普遍认为assume.to be认为是；假定是assume duty/responsibility 承担责任assuming that假定(作状语)assumption假定，假设词块积累 assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty在他被证明有罪之前，假定他是无辜的assume the responsibility for it 为此承担责任assuming that you are right 假
34、定你是对的基础练习单句语法填空(2() 18江苏卷)Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the assumption(assume) youve made.Assuming(assume) that he isnt that lucky, what shall we do to comfort him?He was living under an assumed(assume) name.链接写作一词汇升级普通表达：If there wasnt the hard work of the dustmen,
35、 what can you imagine our environment would be?高级表达：Assuming(that) there wasnt the hard work of the dustmen, what can you imagine our environment would be?3. acknowledge v.承认；认为；感谢；告知收到一词多义写出下列句中acknowledge的含义(2019全国卷)Her years of hard work have finally been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提
36、名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.承认，认可Im going to invite you to dinner with me to acknowledge your favor.感谢The army sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.告知收至，Almost all the people present acknowledged that he was innocent.认为 acknowledge + that从句 承认做了某事 acknowledge.as./to be.认为是(常用于被动语态
37、)It is widely/universally acknowledged that.大家公认厂词块积累 -a generally acknowledged fact 公认的事实be acknowledged to be a master of Peking Opera 被认为是京剧大师be acknowledged as a must-see tourist attraction in China 被认为是中国必看的 一个景点基础练习单句语法填空With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge that he had stolenfstea
38、l) the ladys purse.Mark Twain is acknowledged to be(be) one of the best writers in America.链接写作一完成句子大家一致认为除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们不可能看到更蓝 的天空。Il is widely acknowledged thal we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.4. accuse sb.ofsth.指责/控告某人(1 )accuse sb.of (doing) sth.= cha
39、rge sb.with (doing) sth.控告/指责某人做 某事accuse sb.for sth.为某事指责某人accuse sb.as指责某人为(2)the accused 被告厂词块积累-be accused of causing the accident 被指控造成了 这次事故be accused of purposely making trouble 被指责故意找事get accused for the serious consequences 由于严重的后果受到指控基础练习单句语法填空The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ac
40、cused of cheating customers.=The shop assistant was dismissed as she was charged with cheating customers.Man often accuses nature for his own misfortune.The accused(accuse) was declared to be innocent by the court for lack of proof.链接写作一句式升级普通表达：The woman was accused of stealing 1.2 million dollars
41、and she was trying to find herself a lawyer.离级表达：The woman accused- otLstcaling 1.2 minion dollacs was trying to find herself a lawyer.(过去分词短语作定语)宫级表达：The woman who was accused of stealing 1.2hinion doHars was trying to find herself a lawyer.(定语从句)5. (敬材 P69)Incredible as it may seem.both the observ
42、ations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that.尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们 做出一个设想句型公式本句为主从复合句，Incredible as il may seem是由as引导的让步 状语从句，其中 Incredible as it may seem = Although/Though it may seem incredible。as引导让步状语从句时，从句须倒装，其中as与though可互换。其结构为：(1)单数可数名词(无冠
43、词)/形容词+ as/though+主语+ be+其他成分(2)动词原形+as/though +主语+助动词/情态动词+其他成分(3)副词+as/though +主语+谓语动词+其他成分I 金句推送 Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long days journey.尽管夜晚的空气很热，但是我们睡得很深，因为经过一天的长途旅行我们都 非常疲惫。基础练习1单句语法填空(2019全国卷 I )Enviable as/though the cool kids may have s
44、eemed, Dr.Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences.Child as/though he is, he likes to be treated like an adult.Try as you may, you wont be able to persuade him.链接写作一句式升级普通表达：Although they tried hard, they couldnt make her change her mind.高级表达：Hard as/though they iried,they couldnt make her ch
45、ange her mind.(倒 装句)关键能力评估GUANJIAN NENGLI PINGGU强化运用技能夯基固本基础强化I .用所给词的正确形式填空。1. The film festival is acknowledged(acknowledgc) as an event of international importance.2. Farmers will have a good harvest, assurnjng(assume) that the weather is favorable.3. Accustomed(accustom) to climbing the steep mo
46、untains, he had no difficulty reaching the top.4. Her son was accused(accuse) of cheating in the exam, which made it difficult for her to go to sleep.5. Happy as they were(be), there was something missing.II .在空白处填入一个适当的词。1. They probably fear that they are wrongly accused of knocking down the old m
47、an.2. Try as/though he might, he couldnt get the door open.3. Charlie Chaplin is acknowledged as one of the most outstanding comedians in the history of the cinema.4. People are accustomed to what they have - however much of it there is.5. It is acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.查缺补漏知识拾遗