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1、UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE新知早知道Vocabulary and The Whole Unit词汇识记A.单词匹配第一组()1. gesture)2. identicalA. adj. similar in every de tai 1B. .手势；姿势；姿态()3. cheekC. n.隔阂；障碍()4. waistD. n. either side of the face below()5.barrierE. .腰：腰部()6. fakeF. adj. appearing to be sth. itis not； made to look like sth. else()7.
2、reliableG. ad/内部的；里面的()8. internalH. ad/可靠的；可信赖的()9. twinI. . & V.审讯；审判；试验；试用()10. trialJ.以双胞胎之一的；挛生之一的 挛生之一；双胞胎之一答案1-5 BADEC 第二组6-10 FHGJI()1. tendencyA. adx几乎不；勉强才能：刚刚()2. lowerB. .组成部分；零件()3. barelyC.匕把放低；降低；减少 鼓。下面的；下方的；较小的()ponentD. .趋势；倾向()5. perceiveE. vt. to notice or become aware of sth.； t
3、o understand or think of sb./sth. in a particular()6. weepF. .矛盾；冲突力.冲突；抵触()7. conflictG. .焦虑；担心；害怕()8.educatorH. vi. & vt. to cry, usually because you are sad()9. anxietyI. a”尴尬的；难堪的the eyesway)10. embarrassed)10. embarrassedJ. .教师；教育工作者；教育家答案1-5 DCABE 6-10 HFJGIB.短语匹配()1.by contrastA.消除；分解；打破()2.b
4、y comparisonB.推理；推断()3. make inferencesC.（与）相比较()4.break downI）.相比之下()5. in other wordsE.（短暂地）访问；要求（某人讲话等）；正式邀请()6. call onF.有某种影响；在工作()7. at workG.换句话说；也就是说答案1一5 DCBAG 6-7 EFII.默写单词第一组1.interaction n.交流；相互影响2.demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明3.witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人4.employ vt.使用；应用；雇用5.interpret v
5、t.把理解（解释）为vi. & vt.口译6.favour vt.较喜欢；选择：有利于n.帮助；恩惠：赞同7.bow vi.鞠躬；点头vt.低（头）8.gesture n.手势；姿势；姿态9.barrier n.隔阂；障碍10.fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的第二组1.pose n.故作姿态；（为画像、拍照等摆的）姿势vi.摆好姿势vt.造成（威胁、问题等）2.bend vt. & vi.（使）弯曲；倾斜；偏向3.assess vt.评估；评价4. imply vt.意味着；暗示5. stare vi.盯着看；凝视n.凝视6. ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧7. bother vi.
6、 & vt.费心;麻烦：因操心n.麻烦；不便8. adjust vt.调整；调节vi. & vt.适应；（使）习惯9. occupy vt.占据；占用10. distinguish vi. &vt.区分；辨别词汇活用I .语境填空demonstrated, identical, contrast, approved, interpreted, bcirrier. ceilings, gesture, internal, imply1. The black paint on the door provides a contrast for the white walls.2. She thoug
7、ht for a moment and then approved.3. All of those demonstrated the correctness of his analysis.4. She wore the identical dress on both occasions.5. We interpreted his silence as a refusal.6. Lack of confidence is the biggest barrier to investment in the region.7. He suffered internal injuries in an
8、accident.8. Their failure to reply to our letter seems to imply a lack of interest.9. The government has decided to lift price ceilings on bread, milk and other staples.10. She waved us away with an impatient gesture.11. 语法填空之派生词1. The interaction(interact)of the two groups produced many good ideas.
9、2. By comparison(compare)with London, Paris is small.3. John is very reliable(rely); if he says he* 11 do something he will do it.4. We shall put the machine to further trial(try).5. The new manager carried out an assessment(assess)of the sales department.6. The offices will be ready for occupat i o
10、n (occupy)i n June.7. That educator(educate)published many articles in these magazines.8. Theres a lot of anxiety(anxious)among the staff about possible job losses.9. He felt acutely embarrassed(embarrass)being the centre of attention.10. I merely (mere) suggested you should do it again. There* s no
11、 need to get annoyed.F尝试理1. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.在与他人的互动中,我们用语言和肢体语言来我达我们的思想和观点。2. Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. 就像口语一样，身体语言也因文化而异。3. In Japan, it may demonstrate resp
12、ect to look down when talking to an older person.在日本，当你和年长的人说话时，低头可能是对长辈的尊重”4. There are also di fferences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part.我们彼此接触的方式、我们与谈话对象的距离以及我们见面或分手时的行为也存在差异。5. And if we are feeling down or lonely,
13、there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。课文译注.词语助读express our thoughts and opinions表达我们的思想和观点interactions withother people与他人的互动information about their feelings有关他们的感受的信息just like spoken language 就像口语一样vary from culture to culture 因文化而异be ap
14、propriate to适合make eye contact进行眼神交流look into someone, s eyes直视某人的眼睛by contrast相比之下approve of赞成lemonstrate respect 表示尊敬1 ook down低头；向下看witnesses sb. doing.看到某人正在做某事interpret it as meaningzero把它解释为零hvoid making this gesture避免做这个手势around the world世界各地;全世界Shake ones head 摇头)y comparison相比之下iave the opp
15、osi te meaning有正好相反的含义kiss their friends on the cheek 亲吻朋友的脸颊favour shaking hands更喜欢握手have the same meaning有相同的含义rest them on the side of your head 把它们放在头的一侧in circles绕圈；循环往复get through difficult situations 渡过难关in a world of strangers在一群陌生人中break down barriers 打破障碍ask for help请求帮助make yourself feel
16、happier and stronger 让自己更快乐、更坚强feel down or lonoly感到沮丧或孤独nothing better than最好的莫过于;没有什么比更好课文呈现LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALKWe use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions! in our interactions with other people：. We can learn a lot about what people are ihinking by watching th
17、eir body language.Words are important, but the way people stand, held heir arms, and mcvc their handscan also give us information about their feelings .(1)名词性从句what people are thinking作介词about的宾语;动名词短语watch in g their body language 作介词 by 的宾语。(2) Ihe way为先行词，后面是省略了 Ihal的定语从句。Just like spoken languag
18、e, body language varies from culture to culture The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in(3). For example, making eye contact -looking into someones eyes -in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast , eye conta
19、ct is not always approved of,1. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down” when talking to an older person.(3) that引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a way；其中you are in是省略T that的又 一个定语从句，修饰先行词the culture
20、o(4) it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to look clown； when talking. 为时间状语。The gesture for “OK has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing tho gesturemight think it means money(6). In France, a person encountering an identical gesturemay interpret it as
21、meaning zero However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.(5) who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词someoneo(6)省略that的宾语从句。(7)现在分词短语作名词person的后置定语。(8)as引导原因状语从句。Even the gestures we use for “yes and “no differ around the world15. In many countries, shaking one, s h
22、ead means “no，and nodding means yes” . By comparison ， in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning11. There are also di fferences in how we louch each olher, how close we sland I。someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part .In countries like France and
23、 Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet(10). Elsewhere, peop1e favour shaking hands , bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when ihey meet someone else(11).(9)and连接三个how引导的宾语从句,其中we are talking to是省略了关系代词whom 的定语从句，修饰先行词someone, when wc meet or part为时间状语从句。(10) when引导
24、时间状语从句。(11)when引导时间状语从句。Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. Placing your hands logelher and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes(12)means “sleep” . A good way of saying “I am full“ is moving your hand in circles over your stomach(after a meal.(12)and连接两个动
25、词-ing形式一起作主语；while closing your eyes为时间状语。(13)动词-ing形式saying “I am full”作介词of的宾语；动词-ing形式 moving. stomach 作表语。Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers . / smile can b
26、reak down barriers. We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help or to start a conversation. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger And if we are feeling down or lonely”(14), there is nothing better than seeing the smiling f
27、ace of a good friend.(14)if引导条件状语从句。译文参考倾听身体如何说话在与他人的互动中，我们用语言和肢体语言来表达我们的思想和观点。我们可以通过观 察人们的肢体语言来了解他们在想什么。语言很重要，但是人们站着、抱紧双臂、移动双手 的方式也能告诉我们他们的感受。就像口语一样，身体语言也因文化而异。最重要的是要以一种适合你所在文化的方式使 用肢体语言。例如，在一些国家，进行眼神交流一一直视某人的眼睛一一是表现出兴趣的一 种方式。相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。例如，在许多中东国家，社会不 允许男女进行眼神交流。在口本，当你和年长的人说话时，低头可能是对长辈的尊
28、重。“0K”这个手势在不同的文化中有不同的含义。在日本，看到别人做这个手势的人可能 会认为这是有钱的意思。在法国，面对同样的手势，人们会将其理解为零”的意思。然而， 在巴西和德国，你应该避免这样做，因为这被认为是不礼貌的。甚至我们用作“是”和“不”的手势也因地而异。在许多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头 表示“是。相比之下，在保加利亚和南阿尔巴尼亚，手势的含义正好相反。我们彼此接触 的方式、我们与谈话对象的距离以及我们见面或分手时的行为也存在差异。在法国和俄罗斯 等国家，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊。在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手、鞠躬或 点头。有些手势似乎在任何地方都有相同的含义。双手合拢放在头的一侧，同时闭上眼睛表示 “睡觉”。表示“我饱了”的一个好方法是饭后手在肚子上转几圈。一些肢体语言有许多不同的用途。也许最好的例子就是微笑。微笑可以帮助我们渡过难 关，在一群陌生人中找到朋友。微笑可以打破障碍。我们可以用微笑来道歉，问候别人，请 求帮助，或者开始一段对话。专家建议对着镜子微笑，让自己更快乐、更坚强。如果我们感 到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。