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1、Book 6 Unit 4 Helping people around the world 晨读暮诵 单元话题-日常活动 1occur v发生 2advocate v提倡 3assistance n帮助 4harmonious adj.和谐的 5regretful adj。后悔的 6congratulate v祝贺 7independent adj。独立的 8remind v提醒 9meaningful adj.有意义的 10hesitation n犹豫 11give up 放弃 12rather than 而不是 13belong to 属于 14be familiar with 对熟悉 1
2、5have a talent for 在有天赋 16remind sb。of使某人想起 17call on sb.to do sth.号召某人做某事 18receive many awards for 因为获得很多奖 1There is no doubt that such a deed should be encouraged。毫无疑问这种行为应该得到鼓励。2It has been one of the traditional Chinese virtues to help those in trouble。帮助处在困难中的人一直是中华传统美德。3It is our duty to make
3、 our world a more harmonious place to live in。使我们的世界成为一个更和谐的生活的地方是我们的职责。4I strongly advocate that all of us should learn from him and always be ready to help others.我极力提倡我们大家应该向他学习并且随时做好帮助他人的准备。5Actions speak louder than words.行动比言语更为响亮.（2018高考天津卷）假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津,你的美国朋友Chris 就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能
4、竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队,参加即将于 7 月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。(1）比赛的时间、地点；（2)邀请他的原因；(3)训练计划将发送其邮箱,请他提出建议。注意:（1）词数不少于 100；(2)可适当添加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯;（3）开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇：世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition Dear Chris，I have good news to tell you。_ _ _ Im looking forward to y
5、our reply。Yours，Li Jin 参考范文 Dear_Chris,I_have_good_news_to_tell_you.The World Adolescent Robotics competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July so as to promote the development of robotics。What I would like to stress is that it is looking for new members at this moment.I would like to invit
6、e you to take part in it，since I know youve just won first prize in the Robotics competition held in your institute and have shown great talent in designing robotics.Therefore,you are the most suitable person，I suppose。The training schedule，in addition to regular training，includes joining in a varie
7、ty of activities，such as participating in some national competitions.I will send its details to you by e.mail。I would appreciate it if you give us some advice on how to make it perfect.Im_looking_forward_to_your_reply.Yours，Li_Jin 高频词汇 1_（n.&vt.）缺乏 2_(n.）大使 3_(adj.)令人敬重的；值得的,相称的；有价值的 4_(vt.）购得;获得，得到
8、 5_（vi。&vt.）扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强 6_(adj.）可供替代的；（n。)可供选择的事物 7_(n。)手段，方法 8_(vt.）(尤指经努力）获得；赢得 9_（n。)同事 10_（n.)细菌 11_（vt。)提醒,使想起 12_(n.）障碍，隔阂；屏障，障碍物【答案】1.lack 2.ambassador 3。worthy 4.acquire 5expand 6.alternative 7。means 8.obtain 9.colleague 10bacteria 11.remind 12.barrier 派生词汇 1_(n.)描写（文字),形容，说明_(vt.)描述，形容；
9、描绘 2_(adj.）平等的；同等的（n。)同等的人；相等物（vt。)与相同或相等_（adv。）相等地 3_（adj。)志愿的；自愿的，主动的_(n。)志愿者（v.）自愿做 4_(vt。vi。)捐献，捐赠(尤指款或物)，捐助;贡献；促成,导致_（n.)贡献；捐献；投稿_（n.)贡献者;捐献者；投稿人 5_(adj.)紧急的，紧迫的_(n.)紧急;紧急的事 6_（n。）饥饿；挨饿;饿死_（vt.vi。)(使)饿死,（使）挨饿 7 _(n.)个 人 财 产；拥 有，具 有 _(vt。)占 有；拥 有；具 有_(adj。）拥有的，具有的 8_(n。）承诺，保证；投入，奉献;不得不做的事_(v.）犯罪
10、，做错事;把托付给；使承担义务 9_(n。)增加;添加；此外，另外_（vt.&vi.）添加；相加,求和;增加 _(adj。)附加的；另外的 10_（n.)出口产品，输出品；出口（vt。&vi.)出口；输出(反义词）_(n。)进口产品，进口（vt。vi.)进口；输入 词缀归纳 political 是一个以 ical 结尾的形容词.常见的以.ical 结尾的高频形容词有：medical 医学的；physical 物理的，身体的；chemical 化学的；electrical 与电有关的,电的；technological技术的,工艺的。【答案】1。description；describe 2.equ
11、al；equally 3voluntary；volunteer 4.contribute；contribution；contributor 5.urgent；urgency 6。starvation；starve 7possession；possess；possessed 8。commitment；commit 9addition；add；additional 10。export；import 语境活用 1I have given the matter much thought,examining all the possible_（可供选择的事物)2There are many_（方式）of
12、 recreation in which people engage in their leisure time。3 His suggestion put forward at the conference is _（值 得 的）to be considered.4People_(获得)knowledge and information through reading and studying.5As your horizons_（扩大)，these new ideas can give a whole new meaning to life.6I look on it as an oppor
13、tunity to_（学到）fresh skills。7 In order to meet the_（紧 迫 的)needs of the four modernizations,improving the teaching quality is a task which permits no delay.8One should never make public property ones private_(个人财产)【答案】1.alternatives 2。means 3.worthy 4。obtain 5expand 6。acquire 7.urgent 8。possession 1re
14、fer _ 谈及，提到；查阅 2_ addition 除以外（还）3get hold _ 得到；抓住 4_ the umbrella of 在的保护下 5_ only 但愿，要是就好了 6break _ 出故障;抛锚 7_ chaos 处于混乱状态 8draw someones attention _ 使某人察觉到 9think back _ 回想 10make _ difference 有作用(关系、影响）11remind sb._ 让某人想起 12contribute_ 捐献 13far _ 离远；远非，远不是 14put _ 建造，搭起 15take _ 雇佣；承担；呈现 16stop
15、sb。_ doing sth.阻止某人做某事 17look _ 查阅;向上看【答案】1。to 2。in 3.of 4。under 5.if 6。down 7。in 8.to 9.to 10。a 11。of 12.to 13。from 14.up 15on 16。from 17。up 语境活用 1This garden has the best collection of native plants。_ addition,it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.2As is known to us all,shoes play a
16、n important role in our life，for our feet are_the umbrella of them to avoid being hurt.3 I was forgetting the matter he had told me if you hadnt reminded me _ it.4He was on his way to the airport when his car broke_.5His study is_chaos and it will take a long time for him to put his papers in order.
17、6It is necessary to draw readers attention _ the catalogue.7Join us!We will contribute some money _the orphans on Christmas Eve。8If he was able to get others encouragement,it would make a _to him。9A notice was put _ in order to remind students of the changed lecture time.10The problem he referred _
18、in the meeting was difficult to understand。【答案】1。In 2。under 3。of 4。down 5.in 6.to 7。to 8difference 9。up 10。to 1。原句 This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.点拨 this land was difficult to farm 是“sth。beadj。to do”句式，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义.仿写 我发现这个报告很难懂。I find the lecture is
19、difficult _.2。原句 I am very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them。点拨 动词不定式的完成形式表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前。仿写 真对不起，给你带来这么多麻烦.I am sorry _ you so much.3.原句 I would rather you hadnt told me about it。点拨 would rather“宁愿，更喜欢”，后接从句时，从句用虚拟语气。仿写 我宁愿没去看那部电影。I would rather that I _。4.原句 If onl
20、y there were more people donating money to charities!点拨 if only“但愿，要是就好了”，常引导虚拟语气条件句或感叹句。仿写 要是我在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中更加自信就好了._ more confidence in the English speech contest held last week！【答案】1。to understand 2.to have troubled 3。hadnt seen the film 4。If only I had had 第一板块 核心词汇 基础知识要牢记 1lack vt。&n缺乏；不足(1)v。错
21、误!(2)n。错误!（3)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in (在抽象事物方面）缺乏 As I look back on that day now，it surely lacks any sense of reality.现在当我回顾那一天时,感到此事确实缺乏现实感.She felt nervous,increasingly _ in confidence about herself.她感到紧张，对自己越来越没有信心。【答案】lacking 温馨提示 lack 是表示状态的及物动词，不用于被动结构,也不用于进行时。2equal adj.平等的；同等的，相同的；胜
22、任的 n.同等的人；相等物vt。与相同或相等(1)be equal to sth。/doing sth.(in）（在方面)与相等；能胜任，能应付 equal sb。/sth.in（doing）sth.在(做)某事上比得过/敌得过某人/物(be)without equal 无与伦比(2）equally adv。相等地，相同地 equality n.平等，同等；均等 Any man will be equal to doing the task，so long as he is careful.You should give it a try.只要细心，任何一个人都能胜任这份工作，你应该尝试一下。
23、None of us can equal her，either _ beauty or as a dancer。不管是容貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不过她。Anyone,whether he is an official or a bus driver,should be _ respected。任何一个人,不管他是政府官员还是公共汽车司机都应该同样受到尊敬.【答案】in equally 3contribute vt.vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致；投稿（1）contribute(sth。)to （把）贡献给；(向)捐款；投稿 contribute to 促成；有助于（2）contribu
24、tion n.贡献；捐款；稿件 make contributions/a contribution to 对作出贡献 I make most of my money by writing books but I do contribute _ magazines sometimes。我的大部分钱是靠写书赚的,不过我的确有时也向杂志投稿。It is our duty to make contributions to our motherland.为祖国作出贡献是我们的责任。【答案】to （2017高考全国新课标卷，书面表达)外国学习者很难理解唐诗的真实含义和文化。翻 译 The true mea
25、ning and the culture of Tang poems are difficult to understand for a foreign learner.4worthwhile adj。重要的；令人愉快的;值得花时间（或花钱、努力等)He thinks it is never too late to challenge oneself to achieve something worthwhile.他认为挑战自我获取有价值的东西永远不会太晚。_ examine how we will make greater progress in our studies.研究一下我们如何在学
26、习上取得更大的进步是值得的。词义辨析 词语 搭配 意义和用法 worthwhile Its worthwhile doing Its worthwhile to do 值得做某事 worth be worthn.值得，值 be worth doing“某事值得被做要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。表示“很值得被做”用副词well 修饰 worthy be worthy ofn.应得某物 be worthy of being done be worthy to be done“某事值得被做，接动名词时of 后要用动名词的被动式;接不定式时，worthy 后要用不定式的被动式。worthy 作定语
27、时，表示“有价值的，值得尊敬的”What has just happened is well _ focusing on.It is also _ of being thought about by everyone present。Is it _ to spend so much money on a very expensive wedding?We dont think it is _ it at all.【答案】It is worthwhile to worth；worthy；worthwhile；worth 5alternative adj。可供替代的，其他的n。C可供选择的事物 a
28、lternative ways/methods 各种供选择的方法 an alternative to 的替代品 have no alternative but to do sth。别无选择只好做某事 There is no alternative 别无选择 Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider _ alternative to gasoline.天然气是专家们认为能代替汽油的一种储量丰富的燃料。Im afraid if this noise goes on，I shall have no alternative b
29、ut to call the police.如果吵闹声继续下去，我恐怕就只好叫警察了。【答案】an 6means nC手段，方法 a means of 一种的方法 means of production/transport/communication 生产工具/运输工具/通信手段 by means of 用,依靠；通过 by all means 无论如何；千方百计地;当然可以(口语)by no means/not by any means 绝对不;无论如何都不（用于句首，句子要倒装）Furthermore，punishment is by no means a wise choice to h
30、elp them grow up mentally and physically.此外，惩罚绝不是一个能帮助他们身心健康成长的明智选择.She could not speak，but made her wishes known _ means of signs。她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。Every possible means has been tried,but none worked.All possible means have been tried,but none worked。各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效.【答案】by 温馨提示 means 是一个单复数同形的
31、名词，常与主谓一致结合起来进行考查。means 前有every,each，one 等修饰语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式;前有 several，some，many,few,all 等修饰语时，谓语动词用复数形式。7remind vt.提醒，使想起 remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事 remind sb。to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind sb.that。/wh.clause 使某人想起;提醒某人 My album of boyhood photographs often reminds me of the past happiness.童年时的相册经常让我想起儿时的欢
32、乐。Hed interrupt his own presentations to remind his managers _ with their teams about the companys values.他将会打断他自己的报告，提醒他的经理们和他们的团队谈论公司的价值观.But I dont mind，because I want to hear her say my name，which reminds me Im home。但我不介意，因为我想听到她说我的名字,那会提醒我我在家。【答案】to talk 8refer to 谈及,提到；指的是；与相关，涉及；查阅，参考(1)refer
33、 toas 把称作 referto 把提交给(2）reference n.谈到,提及;参考，查阅 in/with reference to 关于 make（a)reference to 谈到 People who work in offices are usually refer to as“white collar workers”那些在办公室工作的人被称为“白领”。We were completely in the dark in reference to his future plans。对他的未来计划我们全然不知。一词多义 写出下列句中 refer to 的含义。We can refe
34、r to an encyclopedia for information about this subject._ Every time I refer to the matter，objection is raised._ The new law does not refer to land used for farming。_ The American bug could also be a person，referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity。_【答案】查阅，参考 提到 涉及 指的是 9break do
35、wn 出故障，抛锚；失败；身体垮掉；捣毁；（把)分解 break away(from）逃脱;脱离 break in 打断，插嘴；强行闯入 break into 强行进入；突然开始（笑、欢呼等)break off 使折断;突然终止；中断（谈话等）break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发 break up 打碎;(关系)破裂;（会议等)结束 The ice on the river begins to break up when spring comes。春天来了，河上的冰开始破裂.一词多义 写出下列句中 break down 的含义。Lets break down the projec
36、t into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one._ If the car should break down on the way，you would have to walk back._ You will break down if you take on more work than you can。_ News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached._【答案】分解 出故障
37、 身体垮掉 失败 10make a difference 有作用(关系、影响）make no/little/much/some difference（to sb./sth。）（对）没有/几乎没有/有很大/有些影响 make all the difference(to sb./sth.）（对）关系重大，大不相同 tell the difference 区分；分辨 It evidently made no difference whether I was there to look after things or not。我在不在那儿照看东西显然无关紧要.The twins look so sim
38、ilar that you will be hard pressed to tell the difference _ them.这对双胞胎看起来太像了，你简直无法把他们区分开来。【答案】between 温馨提示 makedifference 短语中 difference 不能用复数形式.词汇训练全通关.单句语法填空 1The project was cancelled through _(lack)of money。2Call me at 9:00.I cant afford to miss such a conference。-Dont worry。Ill surely _(remind)
39、you.3Ive heard that the tower was built more than 1，000 years ago，so I think it is worthy _（visit)4The manager said that they had a（n）_(alternate)plan if the plan they had suggested earlier was not accepted.5“The presidents report，”a smile on his face，he continued，“_(refer)to several hot topics，disc
40、usses how to increase peasants income.”6This book contributes little _ our understanding of the subject.7Whatever background you come from，you can be _(equal）successful with your hard work like many others。8The boy was so careless that the glass fell from his hand and it broke _ on the floor。9It was
41、 a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little _（different)10By no means is _ true that all English people know their own language well.【答案】1。lack 2。remind 3。to be visited/of being visited 4。alternative 5。referring 6.to 7。equally 8。up 9difference 10。it .单句改错 1Experience is equal
42、 as valuable as theory。_ 2The program can contribute to promote the local economy in my hometown._ 3It is worthy to spend money in educating the children。_ 4The armchair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to sit。_ 5More and more high.rise buildings have been built in big cities in
43、lack of space._【答案】1.equalequally 2.promotepromoting 3worthyworthwhile 4.sit 后加 in 5.第二个 infor/through 第二板块 经典句式 基础知识要牢记 1 This_land_was_difficult_to_farm but now water has been pumped into the fields。这块地过去难以耕种，但现在水已经被抽进了地里。this land was difficult to farm 是“sth.beadj。to do句式。用法如下：（1)主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，该不定式
44、用主动形式表被动意义(2）在该句式中动词应该是及物动词，如果是不及物动词，应在动词后加上适当的介词（3)常用于本句型的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult,interesting,comfortable，safe，dangerous 等 The text is too difficult。The explanation of our teacher will help make it easy to understand。这篇文章太难了.我们老师的解释有助于使它理解起来更容易。I like getting up early in the morning.You know the m
45、orning air is so good to breathe.我喜欢早上早起。你知道早上的空气呼吸起来很好。He is easy。going,so he is not difficult _.他很随和,因此和他相处不困难.【答案】to get along with 2If_only there were more people donating money to charities!但愿有更多的人给慈善机构捐款！本句中 if only引导的是一种虚拟语气的感叹句,意为“但愿，如果就好了，它还可用来引导虚拟语气的条件句。(1)表示目前较难实现的愿望时使用 if only sb。did/wer
46、e（2）表示与过去事实相反的愿望时使用 if only sb.had done(3）表示与将来事实相反的愿望用 if only sb.would/could do If only I were a bird，I should fly through the thick clouds to my dream！要是我是一只鸟，我就可以穿越层层云朵，飞向我的梦想!If only I _ her advice，everything would have been right.要是我采纳了她的建议，一切就都好了.词义辨析 if only“但愿,要是就好了”,常引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句 only if
47、“只有”,only if 本身不是一个固定词组。only 是副词，用来修饰整个 if 从句。若用于句首,主句要部分倒装 Its too bad that I failed in the English exam。_ I had worked hard at it！Now I know _ I work hard will I make progress。【答案】had taken If only;only if 句式训练全通关。完成句子 1凯西在班上以优异的成绩毕业,她为此感到非常高兴。Kathy was very pleased _ with an excellent grade in he
48、r class.2我宁愿你不要去申请那个职位。I would rather you _.3要是我们能用瓶子装新鲜空气多好！If only we _ the fresh air！【答案】1。to have graduated 2。did not apply for that position 3.could bottle.话题写作 根据提示，利用本单元所学知识,完成下面小作文。1在非洲一些国家是没有自来水的。（running water）2现在,工程师们正在教农民怎样用竹子运水.3这些非洲国家需要廉价的运水方法因为他们缺钱。(lack）4他们的贫穷是难以描述的。（description）5竹筒运
49、水让他们不用花太多钱.(allow）6他们觉得这样做是值得的.（worthwhile)【参考范文】There is no running water in some African countries。Now，engineers are teaching poor farmers how to carry water by using bamboo.These African countries need cheap ways to carry water because they lack money。Their poverty is beyond description.Bamboo pi
50、pes allow them to bring water to their fields without spending a lot of money.They think it is worthwhile.阅读理解组块练。阅读理解 A（山西省太原市 2018 届高三第二次模拟考试）In the story of“The crow and the Pitcher”from Aesops Fables，a thirsty crow(乌鸦）drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he ca