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1、Text Skimming1.Get the main ideas:2.Divide the text into 3 parts:Writing down in the book ones reactions to Writing down in the book ones reactions to the text is the most efficient way of reading.the text is the most efficient way of reading.the introduction the body the conclusion(para.1)(para.1)(
2、paras.2-10)(paras.2-10)(para.11)(para.11)第1页/共26页contendcontendargue,claimmutilationmutilationdestructionpurchasepurchasebuyingpossessionpossession ownershiptransfertransfermove from one place to anotherdog-eareddog-eared having the corners of the pages turned up or down with use so that they look l
3、ike a dogs earsintactintactindispensableindispensablewhole because no part has been touched/spoiltabsolutely essentialscratch padscratch pad loosely joined sheets of paper for writing notessacredsacredto be treated with great respect;solemn and serious第2页/共26页contend1.vi.to compete against sb in ord
4、er to gain sthe.g.Holyfield contended for the World Heavyweight Title.2.vt.+that to argue or state that sth is truee.g.I contend that smoking will do us a lot of harm.content1.n.(often“contents”)things that are inside a container e.g.The drawer had been emptied of its contents.2.n.a feeling of happi
5、ness and satisfactione.g.He often sleeps to his hearts content at weekends.3.adj.(not before nouns)happy and satisfiede.g.She is content with her job at the moment.4.vt.to make sb feel happy and satisfiede.g.I content myself with a cup of coffee.第3页/共26页“I contend,quite bluntly,that marking up a boo
6、k is not an act of mutilation but of love.”(workbook p.55)I argue plainly that making marks in a book is not something done to spoil it but to show its worth and value.第4页/共26页 prelude be a prelude to-action or event that happens before another larger or more important one and forms an introduction
7、to ite.g.The bankruptcy of several small firms was the prelude to general economic collapse.e.g.His frequent depressions were the prelude to a complete mental breakdown.第5页/共26页“But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession.”(workbook p.55)Getting the book by payment is merely a prepara
8、tory step on the way to ownership.第6页/共26页ownershipmusicianshipprofessorshipscholarshipmembershipreadershippremiership所有权所有权乐感；音乐修养乐感；音乐修养教授之职教授之职奖学金；学识奖学金；学识成员资格成员资格读者人数读者人数总理总理/首相之任期首相之任期第7页/共26页“Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself.”(workbook p.55)Only when you have
9、fully absorbed it can you say that you own the book completely.第8页/共26页“The third has a few The third has a few books or manyevery one books or manyevery one of them dog-eared and of them dog-eared and dilapidated,shaken and dilapidated,shaken and loosened by continual use,loosened by continual use,
10、marked and scribbled in marked and scribbled in from front to back.from front to back.”(workbook p.55)The third kind of book owners The third kind of book owners possess only a few or many possess only a few or many books,but every one of thembooks,but every one of themis worn,with the corners is wo
11、rn,with the corners of the leaves folded over,of the leaves folded over,and has become less and has become less tightly bound because tightly bound because of constant use.There of constant use.There are marks and hastily are marks and hastily written notes in written notes in each book from each bo
12、ok from cover to cover.cover to cover.第9页/共26页no more.than-“no morethan”is used to emphasize that“no morethan”is used to emphasize that something is not true,not suitable,etc.something is not true,not suitable,etc.e.g.He is no more fit to be the class president than I am!e.g.A home without love is n
13、o more a home than a body without a sound mind is a man.no more than1.1.It is used to say that sth is needed or suitableIt is used to say that sth is needed or suitable e.g.Its no more than you deserve.2.2.It is used to say that sb or sth is less importantIt is used to say that sb or sth is less imp
14、ortant than they seem than they seeme.g.Hes no more than a glorified accountant.e.g.It was no more than a scratch.第10页/共26页 “Id no more scribble all over a first edition of Paradise Lost than Id give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt!”(workbook p.56)I would never mark pages of a fir
15、st edition copy of Paradise Lost,just as I would not give my baby a set of colored pencils and a painting by Rembrandt inthe original.第11页/共26页 “If your respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way,buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.”(workbook p.56)If t
16、he elaborate cover,style of printing or layout prevent you from marking up a book,then youd better buy a cheap edition in which you can show your respect to the writer(by writing notes in it).第12页/共26页indispensableindispensable-someone or something that is indispensable is so important or useful tha
17、t it is impossible to manage without theme.g.Health is indispensable to everyone.e.g.Just as water is vital to fish,air is indispensable to man.e.g.She has become quite indispensable to the company.“Why is marking up a book“Why is marking up a book indispensableindispensable to reading?”to reading?”
18、-Why is marking up a book essential toessential to reading?第13页/共26页require (line 39)demand (line 41)demanddemand implies asking for(something)as if ordering implies asking for(something)as if ordering(something)one has a right to.(something)one has a right to.requirerequire suggests a pressing,ofte
19、n an inherent need.suggests a pressing,often an inherent need.e.g.These plants require moist soil at all times.e.g.The Governor has demanded your resignation.In the text they are inter-changeable,but they differ slightly in another sense.第14页/共26页 “The physical“The physical act of writing,act of wri
20、ting,with your hand,with your hand,brings words and brings words and sentences more sharply sentences more sharply before your mind and before your mind and preserves them better preserves them better in your memory.”in your memory.”(workbook p.56)If you write notes in the book yourself,the words an
21、d sentences will stand out more distinctly in your mind and last longer in your memory.第15页/共26页 integralintegral(to sth)necessary for completenessnecessary for completenesse.g.The arms and legs are integral parts of the human body.e.g.The kitchen is an integral part of the house.e.g.Her talents are
22、 integral to the teams good performance.第16页/共26页 “But dont let“But dont let anybody tell you that anybody tell you that a reader is supposed a reader is supposed to be solely on the to be solely on the receiving end.”receiving end.”(workbook p.56)Dont believe that a reader is only expected to take
23、in passively what is in the book(i.e.,the reader should also contribute).第17页/共26页 “Understanding“Understanding is a two-way is a two-way operation;learning operation;learning doesnt consist in being doesnt consist in being an empty receptacle.”an empty receptacle.”(workbook p.56)Comprehension is a
24、process involving both reception and production.If you remain a container ready only to receive,you cannot expect to learn very much.第18页/共26页Translation1.You are not likely to grasp an article on logic unless you think actively in the course of reading.2.According to the author,one of the most effe
25、ctive ways to read a good book is by writing between the lines while reading.第19页/共26页3.He was so absorbed in one of his cloning experiments that he wasnt aware of my entering the laboratory at all.4.I dont think happiness consists in obtaining what you need;I believe happiness consists in doing wha
26、t you can for society/fulfilling your duty for society.第20页/共26页5.Air pressure,oxygen and temperature are among the conditions indispensable to the survival of the astronauts on the moon.6.In a certain sense,postgraduate students are also researchers.第21页/共26页7.He would rather set down what he has o
27、bserved,important or trivial,in his notebook than commit it to his memory,because he believes in the remark that“The worst pen is better than the best memory.”8.He was supposed to the students why sharp/keen observation and logical thinking were indispensable qualities to research work,but his talk
28、was more confusing than clarifying.第22页/共26页9.According to his theory of foreign language learning,one can better learn English in a state of relaxation than in a state of concentration.10.Planning and outlining are only a prelude to writing.Drafting,revising and editing are necessary steps required
29、 of thesis writing.第23页/共26页Passage TranslationThe triumph of science in England can be traced back to the seventeenth century and,under the influence of science,the English language and the way it has been used has undergone many changes.Much earlier English had replaced Latin as the language of sc
30、ience and scholarship.The rise of scientific writing in English helped to establish a simple,plain kind of prose as dominant in the norm.第24页/共26页The plain style is not,of course,confined to science;it is found in all kinds of expository writing.Nor,unfortunately,do all scientists write in a plain style.But scientific writing,and scientific attitudes in general,have undoubtedly played a part in the establishment of this style.第25页/共26页感谢您的观看！第26页/共26页