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1、Unit 1TEXT ComprehensionAnswers for reference:A. 1. As the saying goes, “As you sow, so will you reap”, which means whatever a man sows he will reap. The writer intends to convince the reader that making New Years resolutions also follows this maxim. The more resolutions you make at the beginning of
2、 the year, the better results you will have.2. He had read a number of books on selfimprovement before he made his resolutions. He wrote out a long list of resolutions. He wanted to make a different man of himself a loving father and an ideal husbandby trying to attend to everyones needs.3. Having w
3、ritten a long list of resolutions, he longed to put them into practice, thinking that they would be a great success.4. Judging from the information given in the text, he was a serious and strict father to the children. He did not like to be bothered with questions. He never treated them as his equal
4、s. He showed no interest in their friends nor in what they were doing. Having a quick temper, he got excited easily and often yelled at them. He did not allow any mischievous behaviour to go on at home. He was one of those husbands who did not like to lift a finger to help his wife and do household
5、chores. What he did in his free time was enjoy himself thoroughly. He had a good time at parties and liked to stay out late even if this meant he had a headache the next day. At home, what he did most of the time was either watch a footfall match or read the newspaper.5. He tried to be considerate a
6、nd helpful, but failed. All his efforts to be a good busband went contrary to his expectations. The whole family was thrown into disorder and confusion. His wife was annoyed by his good manners and smart remarks, thinking they were affected and that he was being sarcastio on purpose. She attributed
7、his cheerfulness, good temper and thoughtfulness to not feeling his best after staying out late.6. He wanted to do better but did not know how to do it appropriately. On New Years Day, he was in a particularly cheerful and good mood, eager to render any service to his wife and children. He did every
8、thing of his own accord. He was considerate to his wife to the minutest detail and he graciously condescended to play jacks with Gretchen, build a snowman for the boys and strike up a conversation with Kit. But the result in every case proved to be just the opposite to what he had expected. The writ
9、er behaved like a changed man. What he did was suddenly totally different from what he used to do, so his family was unprepared for this change. Thats why, to them, his behaviour was too good to be truehis temper was too good to be believed, and his thoughtfulness was too great to be natural.7. It m
10、eans:“The whole family are happy to see that your have come to be your usual self again and you are behaving naturally. At last everything will go back to normal.”B. Reference version:1. Quite obviously, anyone who was determined to be guided by the rules of selfimprovement I collected would be happ
11、y and have a richer life, infinite affection from his family and the love and respect of the community.2. Show your love readily and willingly.3. Wholehearted and genuine praise is really valuable.4. Join your children and treat them as your equals.5. I heard screams down the hall one after another
12、and I found Gretchen crying.6. The most unimportant light task may turn out to be worthwhile if it is dealt with eagerly and with interest.7. I started to have a conversation with Kit in a friendly way and tried my best to achieve close agreement and understanding between us.8. You never troubled yo
13、urself to chat with people in the past. Why do you want to start doing it now?TEXT Comprehension1. F (He knew this beforehand, but he had to go there because he felt the bank was the only place to keep his money safely.)2. T3. F (The manager said “Good morning” not to Mr. Montgomery, but to the writ
14、er. “Good morning” in this case is not a greeting, but a farewell, meaning “Goodbye”.)4. F (The clerks were at first astonished, and then amused.)5. F (He was never very rich. All he saved were some silver dollars in a sock.)K 13TEXT Comprehension1. C2. B3. A4. C5. AGUIDED WRITINGSentence Combinatio
15、nReference version:It is much less common for people to carry cash in the West than it is for people to carry cash in China. Often it is not safe to have large amounts of cash on hand in the West.Most people use cheques or credit cards to avoid carrying cash with them. Cheques are commonly used to p
16、ay rent, for utilities, and telephone bills and can also be used to make purchases while credit cards are mainly used to make purchases.Credit cards are pieces of plastic, usually 5.5cm. by 8.5cm. They are issued by banks and stores that want people to spend more money. When purchasing something, th
17、e buyer will give his credit card to the seller. The seller will check the information on the card and record it, accept the card instead of accepting money. The seller will give the buyer a receipt and another receipt goes to the bank. The bank will then send a bill to the buyer, usually after 30 d
18、ays.COMPREHENSIVE EXERCISES. Spelling1. downstairs2. spontaneous3. creativity4. jovially5. wander6. shriek7. chore8. poisonous9. relieve10. interruption11. reckless12. wretched. DictationThe United States is becoming more and more a “cashless society”. People are making purchases by cheque, charge a
19、ccounts or credit cards, rather than carrying large amounts of money in their pockets or purses.Normally people pay by cheque at the end of each month at department stores and some food markets and drugstores. They also pay monthly by cheque for rent, telephone calls, electricity, milk, newspaper de
20、liveries, and similar household expenses. Mary have charge cards to pay for petrol and service station expenses and credit cards for restaurant, hotel, and travel costs.Many other people, however, prefer to payastheygo and not accumulate monthly bills. Most people work out a combination, paying some
21、 bills in cash and charging others. This is a matter of personal choice. But if you have charge accounts, be sure to pay promptly; the interest charged for late payments can be high.K 14. Listening ComprehensionA. Income: 2000 a yearExpensesHousing: 50 a month for mortgageFood: 60 a monthCar: a larg
22、e repair bill every now and thenElectricity: 16 a yearGas: 70 a yearBooks: /B. The man on the doorstep says he is doing a survey for the Department of Health and Social Security. He is actually a salesman, trying to sell The New World Childrens Encyclopaedia. TranslationA. 1. Every time he returned
23、home from work at midnight, he would tiptoe upstairs, trying not to disturb his neighbours.2. To establish some kind of rapport with his new neighbour, Mr.Jones lost no chance in offering to carry her luggage into the house.3. The article recommended by Dr. Miller centres on the problem of air pollu
24、tion; meanwhile, it touches upon other issues such as water pollution, noise pollution and visual pollution.4. If it had not been for the constant encouragement and help from her friends, she couldnt have accomplished anything.5. It was only a few days ago that he was full of contempt for the new pr
25、oject, but he is now working hard with zest for its realization. What a baffling change!6. Judging from what she wrote in her autobiography, she always had mixed feelings for that pianist.7. While waiting in the lounge for the flight, he struck up a conversation with two American travellers and touc
26、hed on many interesting crosscultural issues.8. These girls all dread working alone on night duty.9. I dont mind working overtime. What I do mind is working on those insignificant trivial things during the weekend.10. Actually nobody asked them to do anything on the first day of school. When they sa
27、w the classroom in such a mess, however, they cleaned it spontaneously.B. Reference version:K 15Joe had dodged the police many times, but never like this. He was afraid. He was sprawled on the rooflistening for sounds. Somewhere below people were yelling and shrieking, but he was not concerned about
28、 the commotion. He looked round, searching for any sign of a policeman. When he heard some footsteps on the corrugated iron roof, he was seized with fear. What made them chase after me, he thought. I havent done anything. You shouldnt have sneaked up here, he said to himself.Then he saw the shape of
29、 a policeman approaching. He did not want to give up. He still wanted to make an effort to escape. He rose to his feet quietly and tiptoed over to the far end of the roof, thinking that he could perhaps slide down the drainpipe. Just at that moment, the policeman strode forward and was about to grab
30、 the boy by the collar when, unaware of a clothesline in his way which caught his cap, he almost stumbled. Joe was startled, but he could go back no further. The policeman steadied himself and reached out for the boy. Blank FillingA. 1. down 2. for 3. down, down4. after5. back6. on7. in8. off9. out1
31、0. for11. in, out12. out13. to14. over15. upB. (1) name(2) sell(3) things(4) exchange(5) shares(6) other(7) business(8) partial(9) then(10) company(11) kinds(12) shares(13) wealthy(14) expenses(15) hope(16) stock(17) rich(18) money(19) reasons(20) general(21) investors(22) gamble(23) investing(24) g
32、lad(25) willing(26) worldC. (1) failed(2) game(3) sketches(4) down(5) Only(6) that(7) weapon(8) comic(9) did(10) characters(11) to(12) for(13) ran(14) dropped(15) turned(16) up(17) title(18) made(19) later(20) fans(21) funny(22) being(23) put(24) reach(25) inD. (1) was blessed with(2) boundless love
33、(3) encouraged creativity in the young(4) was spontaneous(5) on(6) tired of(7) with more zest(8) worth its weight in gold(9) admiration of the community(10) swarmed aroundK 16(11) drawn by(12) struck up a conversation with(13) established a kind of rapport(14) was about fourfifths done(15) was in a
34、poisonous mood(16) sneak up on(17) tenyearold(18) would have thrown in the sponge(19) were about to perform openheart surgery on. NounVerbAdjectiveAdverb1. creativitycreatecreativecreatively2. beautybeautifybeautifulbeautifully3. resolutionresolveresoluteresolutely4. moralitymoralizemoralmorally5. i
35、llustrationillustrateillustrativeillustratively6. suggestionsuggestsuggestivesuggestively7. collectioncollectcollectivecollectively8. admirationadmireadmirableadmirably9. differencedifferdifferentdifferently10. imaginationimagineimaginativeimaginatively11. harmonyharmonizeharmoniousharmoniously12. i
36、mpressivenessimpressimpressiveimpressively13. distributiondistributedistributivedistributively14. explanationexplainexplanatoryexplanatorily15. disappointmentdisappointdisappointingdisappointinglyUnit 2TEXT ComprehensionAnswers for reference:A. 1. English has now become one of the most widely used l
37、anguages in the world. In 1500, English was an insignificant language, spoken by the people living on a small island. Now it is spoken as the first language by over a quarter of a billion people and as a second language by many millions more. When people speak English, we may be able to tell which E
38、nglish it isAmerican English, Australian English, British English, Indian English and so on. Besides, for different purposes, we use different Englishes: everyday English, business English, commercial English, diplomatic English, medical English, scientific English, technical English, legal English,
39、 journalistic English and so on. We also use different degrees of formality and can differentiate between formal English, informal English, and colloquial English.2. Style expresses the writers individuality through his choice of words and sentence patterns, and his selection and arrangement of mate
40、rial. Style frequently reflects the writers personality, mood, attitudes, education, and general background. There are different kinds of styles: homely, coarse, refined, ironic, vulgar, plain, childlike, formal, informal, wordy, colloquial, direct, grandiloquent, and so on. We choose words to suit
41、the audience, the occasion, the topic, and the genre (e.g., short story, essay, argumentation). Certain words, exact and concrete as they are, are excluded from formal use, because they are not appropriate for formal occasions. It would be absurd if slang terms or vulgarisms were used to address an
42、audience at commencement, or the other way round, if a very formal style, long sentences and complex grammatical structures were used in a friendly letter. Yet if we have some idea of different styles, but dont know when to use which, this knowledge is worse than useless.3. This is an example of a v
43、ery formal expression alongside a colloquialism. Bags of fun is a slang term whereas extremely gracious is very formal language.Here is another example of the same kind to show the inappropriateness of a formal style mixed with colloquialism. In a letter of application, you begin thus:Dear Sirs,I am
44、 writing to you in the hope that you still have a vacant place in your department. If you hve not yet employed anyone, I should like my application for the position to be considered.And you conclude with:As to my character and fitness for the job, please rest assured that I am sure smart. In this la
45、st sentence, job may be rather too informal; employment or post would be more suitable. Smart is a colloquialism that means “mentally alert, quickwitted, and talented”. Moreover, the sentence I am sure smart is very informal and colloquial, and so it is inappropriate for the letter.4. Good use of En
46、glish requires the appropriate choice of words for the expression of thoughts. To be in “good use of English”, therefore, a word must be used appropriately in a specific set of circumstances.K 225. Coy means “shy, diffident, bashful”. What the writer means here is:“Do away with your shyness. Decide
47、what you want to say and say it as directly as possible in plain words. Stop deceiving people and beating about the bush. Call a spade a spade.”6. Some examples of euphemisms:1) a mental home ( an insane asylum)slow ( dull in mind)residence ( house)a reconditioned automobile ( a used car)stout (fat)
48、The above words and phrases in italics are supposed to be more pleasant substitutes for those in parentheses.2) skin tonic (cold cream. The term skin tonic may help the manufacturer to sell his products more easily.)3) Goodness me！ Goodness gracious！ Thank goodness. For goodness sake！ (It is supposed to be blasphemous to use the word God in ones speech, so goodness is used instead of God.)4) “Millions of peasants are robbed of their farms and sent trudging along the roads with no more than they can carry: this is called transfer of population.” (This is quoted from George O