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1、2022-2023学年大庆市东风中学高二年级期末英语试题试题满分150分，测试时间150分钟.一、阅读理解阅读理解ANobody likes to spend money on a new book only to face disappointment when it doesnt live up to your expectations. Here are the best book review sites to help you avoid buying books that youll regret reading.GoodreadsGoodreads is the leading
2、online community for book lovers. If you want some inspiration ibr which novel or biography to read next, this is (he best book review site to visit. There are an endless number of user-generated reading lists to explore.Fantasy Book ReviewFantasy Book Review should be high on the list fbr anyone wh
3、o is a fan of fantasy works. The book review site publishes reviews for both childrens books and adults books. It has a section on the top fantasy books of all time.BooklistBooklist is a print magazine that also offers an online portal. Trusted experts from the American Library Association write all
4、 the book reviews. You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in full, you will need to subscribe.YouTubeYouTube is not the type of place that immediately springs to mind when you think of the best book review sites online. However, there are several engaging YouTube cha
5、nnels that frequently offer opinions on books theyve read.Although its easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, its always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy. This way, you can save your money and spend it on the books that youll be proud to display
6、on your shelves for a long time.1. Which site best suits people who want to buy a biography?A. Goodreads.C. Booklist.B. Fantasy Book Review.D. YouTube.2. What can visitors do on Booklist?B. Discuss with experts.D. Find in formalion about writers.B. Reading the book reviews.D. Checking the books rati
7、ngs.A. Edit book reviews.C. Read full reviews after payment.3. What is recommended before buying a book?A. Noting the book cover.C. Preparing a display shelf.试题答案和解析点评【答案】1. A2. CB【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个书评网站的情况。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意， 再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1 .考查细
8、节理解。根据 Goodreads 部分U1 的If you want some inspiration for which novel or biography to read next, this is the best book review site to visit.“如果你想要一些下一本小说或传记的灵 感，这是最好的书评网站访问。可知，Goodreads最适合想买传记的人。故选A。2 .考查细节理解。根据 Booklist 部分中的You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in fu
9、ll, you will need to subscribe.”你可以看到不同书籍的部分评论。然而,要完整阅读它 们，你需要订阅。可知，访客可以在Booklist上付款后阅读完整的评论。故选C。3 .考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的Although its easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, its always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy.”尽管人们很容易被一 本令人印象深刻的书的封面所吸引，但在真正购买之前
10、，最好还是快速浏览一下书评。可知，在买 书之前，建议阅读书评。故选B。【答案】4. DA5. CD【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题：人物故事类；记叙文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者童年时期，那个用牛奶给他们带来友谊的送奶人的 故事。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕 捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4 .考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“As a 5-year-old boy, I couldnt take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He
11、noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.”作 为一个5岁的小男孩，我目不转睛地盯着固定在他皮带上的硬币更换器。有一天在一次送货时，他 注意到了这一点，从他的硬币兑换器里拿出25美分给了我。可推断，五岁的作者对于硬币更换器很 好奇，为满足孩子的好奇心，Mr. Basilic给了作者25美分。故选D。5 .考查推理判断。根据第三段中的There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen
12、. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, lor those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldnt freeze.”各家各户和送奶工.之间关系密切。Basille先生甚至有我们 家的钥匙，当外面太冷的时候，我们就把盒子放在室内，这样牛奶就不会结冰。可判断，Mr. Basilic 完全得到作者家人的信任。故选A。6 .考查细节理解。根据第四段中的Big companies allowed the production
13、 of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult fbr milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is fbr sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.”大公司允许生产更便宜的牛奶，从而使本地奶工难以竞争过它们。 此外，牛奶到处都有卖，送货服务可能不那么实际。可知，家庭送奶被赶出市场。故选C。7 .考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Every so often my sons friends will as
14、k what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.有时我儿子的朋 友会问我这是什么。于是我开始讲我童年的故事，讲那个用牛奶给我们带来友谊的送奶人的故事。 可知，作者将旧牛奶盒带回家以怀念曾经的美好时光。故选D。【答案】8. BC9. DA【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；科普环保类；说明文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了化石燃料产生大量的二氧化碳，使得全球变暖，植物和 树木
15、不能完全把二氧化碳从空气中去除掉，科学家在研究把空气中的二氧化碳去除掉并储存起来， 但是很有挑战性。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇环保类 阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核 对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8 .考查细节理解。根据第一段中的Recent reports by scientists make it clear that this CO: must be removed from the atmosphere and stored. ”科学家最近的报告表明，必须从大
16、气中清除并储存这种二氧 化碳； 以及第二段中的“That means humans need to come up with ways of removing carbon from the air and storing it. ”这意味着人类需要找到从空气中去除碳并储存碳的方法。可知，Direct Air Capture （DAC）的意思是直接捕获二氧化碳并储存起来。故选B。9 .考查段落大意。根据第三段中的Experts say that by 2030, we need to be able to remove 85 million metric tons of COzfrom the
17、 air. It would take 1,000 factories like Orca over 20 years to remove that much. Factories that can remove even more COzare being planned, but it will take time fbr them to be built.”专家 表示，到2030年，我们需要能够从空气中去除8500万公吨二氧化碳。像Orca这样的1000家工厂 需要20年才能拆除这么多。正在计划建造能够去除更多二氧化碳的工厂，但这需要时间。可知，要 达到目标需要做出很大的努力，有很长的路
18、要走。故选C。10 .考查推理判断。根据第三段及最后一段内容可判断，从空气中去除掉二氧化碳是一个很有挑战 性的事情。故选D。11 .考查主旨大意。根据最后一段Some people worry that theres not enough time left for DAC technology to be developed and become powerful enough to make a big difference. Others worry that focusing on removing carbon could take attention away from more
19、important climate actions, like switching from fossil fiiels to renewable energy.”一些人担心DAC技术没有足够的时间来开发和强大到足以产生 重大影响。其他人担心，专注于减少碳排放可能会把注意力从更重要的气候行动上转移开，比如从 化石燃料转向可再生能源。可知，有些人担忧没有那么多的时间提高技术，有些人担忧会忽视了别 的重要的事情。可推断不是每个人对去除空气中的二氧化碳这种做法都满意。故选A。【答案】12.BI3.D 14.C I5.A【知识点】推理判断题；社会现象类；议论文【解析】【分析】作者通过描述低头族过度使用
20、手机所带来的危害，提醒我们恰当使用手机。12 .B 推理判断题。参看第二段最后一句 A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.可知，作者给这个例子是为了告诉人们低头族的负面影响。故选B。13 .D推理判断题。根据第四、五段可知，答案A、B、C都是低头族的危害。文中没有提到D项内 容，故选D。14 .C 推理判断题。A. Supportive 支持的;B. Optimistic 乐观的；C. Opposed 反对的；D. Objective 客 观的。从作者提供的卡通视频和后面提到的各种后
21、果可知，作者是反对的。故选C。15 .A推理判断题。根据排除法，因为B、C、D在文中都已谈论过，下面应该告诉我们减少危害的 措施了。故选A。【点评】关于推理判断题。推理题是在掌握文章大意基础.上看出作者的“言外之意”(between Ihe lines)o这既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章 细节的发展作正确的推理判断，有些推断题要从文章结构的角度进行分析，才能推断出正确答案。 因此，阅读时不仅要注重词、句的理解，而且还要分析语篇的组织结构。这类试题常以如下句式发 |nj： What can you infer Zlearn/concludc fro
22、m the passage? Whats the authors attitude toward? Whatdocs the passage suggest? The author in this passage intends to。答推理题时，一般无法直接 从文中找到答案，但绝不可凭空猜测，也要找到答题依据。要通过文章主旨、字里行间或文中例千 进行推断，通过含有感情色彩或描述情景的词句来领会作者的态度或语气，有的题也可根据常识理 解来推断。但无论怎样，推理判断要以作者态度为准，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的 看法或观点。【答案】16. C； 17. B： 18. D； 19. G；
23、 20. F【知识点】七选五【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的科研成果。科学家已经找到了一种方法，利用 大脑信号让电脑说出个人试图说的话。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科研类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文 的理解和推理判断能力。16 . 根据空后“One method allows a person to type by moving their eyes from letter to letter to spell out words. The top speed with this method is about 10 words per minute.
24、Normal human speech is about 150 words per minute. ”一种方法允许一个人通过移动他们的眼睛拼出单词。此方法的最高速度约为每分 钟10个单词。正常人类讲话是每分钟大约150个单词，C. There are some ways for these people to communicate4有一些对于那些因为疾病而失去说话能力的人的沟通方式。”其中的【hese people指代 空前失去说话能力的人，C选项中的ways和空后method是同义词发现。故选C。17 .根据空后“For many BCIs, people have wires atta
25、ched to their brains.”对于许多 BCI 来说，人们的 大脑连接着电线。因此上文应该为引出 BCIs, B. This is called a Brain Computer Interface （BCIfS 被称为脑计算机接口“，符合语境，故选B。18 . 根据空后”Epilepsy （癫痫）is a condition where unusual electrical activity in the brain can cause problems with a person control of their body or senses.癫痫症是一种大脑中异常的电活动会
26、导致一个 人对其身体或感官的控制出现问题的疾病。D. The UCSFs scientists worked with a group of five people with epilepsy.”加州大学旧金山分校的科学家与一组五名癫痫患者一起工作“承接下文，符合语境，故 选D。19 .根据空前“With that information they could decode1 the brain signals to find out how the person was moving their mouth.“有了这些信息，他们可以“解码”大脑信号，找出这个人是如何移动嘴巴的。可知 G. T
27、hen the scientists were able to create computer speech sounds based on the position of the speaking muscles”然后科学家们能够根据说话肌肉的位置创建计算机语音“承接上文，符合语境，故选G。20. 根据空后“the muscles used to make each sound are the same fbr everyone. That will make it easier fbr a system like this to help many people.“用于发出每种声音的肌肉对
28、每个人来说都是相同的。这将使这 样的系统更容易帮助许多人。F. One important discovery is that though each persons brain signals are different”一个重要的发现是，虽然每个人的大脑信号都不同“与下文构成转折关系，符合语境，故选F。【答案】21. B； 22. C； 23. A； 24. B； 25. D； 26. A； 27. C； 28. D； 29. B；30. A； .31. D； 32. C； 33. A； 34. C； 35. B【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在杂货店购物
29、的时候，本来想帮助一位没钱付款的女士； 但是等他买到那位女士需要的东西追出去的时候，女士已经离开了。作者为失去这次帮助人的机会 感到很遗憾。【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一 篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推 理，从而选出正确答案。21 .句意：她没有足够的钱买牛奶和奶酪。A. space空间”；B. money钱”；C. patience“耐心”;D. help“帮助根据下文“The manager the items （商品）from her cart and carried them
30、away to the fridge section75,经理把她的东西拿走，放回到冷冻区，可知那位女士没有足够的钱付款。故选B。22 .句意：经理把她的东西从购物车中拿走，放回到冷冻区。A. counted“数；B. added“加上”；C. removed“移除”；D. replaced ”代替，取代”。根据上文可知，由于那位女士没有足够的钱付账，经理 把她的东西拿走，放回到冷冻区。remove .from.,固定短语，“把从中拿走，搬走”。故选C。23 .句意：曾经有一段时期，我自己也没钱买家里需要的日用品。A.times “时期”；B. reasons “原 因“；C. ways“方法
31、”；D. stores“商店此处 There had been times.和下一句的 today 对比。故选 Ao.句意：但今天不一样。A. free”免费的“；B. different”不同的“；C. common常见的;D. familiar“熟悉的”。根据下文“It was payday”可知，今天作者有足够的钱买Fl用品，这与以前的情况不 同。故选Bo24 .句意：我低声对儿子说，让他跑去让经理把那些东西拿回来。A. fridge“冰箱”；B mother”妈 妈“；C. partner“同伴；D. manager“经理根据上文“The manager the items （商品）f
32、rom her cart and carried them away to the fridge section,是经理把那位女士买的东西拿走了，现在作者让儿子 去找经理，让他把东西拿回来。故选D。25 .句意：我本想做一件善意的事，A. wrong“错的”；B. bad“坏的；C. crazy疯的，疯狂的”； D. hungry“饿的。根据上文“He was confused. He didnt understand me.”可知，因为儿子不明白作者的 意思，结果就出了差错。g。wrong固定短语“弄错，出问题”，故选A。26 .句意：那位女士带着儿子离开了，买的东西比她计划的要少。A. c
33、heaper“更便宜的”；B. heavier更重的;C. fiewe产更少的”;D. larger”更大的。根据上文“She didnt have enough 1 for her milk and cheese 可知那位女士最终没有买牛奶和奶酪，比计划买的东西少。故选C。27 .句意：我告诉收款台的工作人员向我收取她的牛奶和奶酪的费用。A. reward”奖励，回报”；B. search“寻找；C pay“付费”；D. charge“收费”。根据上文，我想做一件好事帮那位女士付钱，因 此作者诉收款台的工作人员向自己收取她的牛奶和奶酪的钱，charge sb. for固定短语，“因向某人收费
34、故选D。28 .句意：我们会跑到停车场去追上她。A.pick “摘”；B. catch抓；C. cheer “振作”；D. give “给根据上文“The lady left with her son”，那位女士已经带着儿子离开了，作者想去追上她，把牛 奶和奶酪给她。catchup固定短语，“跟上，赶上“，故选B。29 .句意：我说，“是的，我想确保他们有需要的东西。A. need“需要”；B. buy“购买”；C. order预 订”；D. lose“失去”。作者想帮助她购买这些必要的日常生活用品。故选A。30 .句意：我付了我的商品的钱，也付了她的，然后我和儿子跑到停车场，以为能在那里找到
35、那位 女士。A. proved“证明”；B. doubted“怀疑”；C. remembered记得”；D. 士ought”认为根据上文“that wed run to the parking lot and 9 her up”，作者本以为可以赶上那位女士。故选D。31 .句意：但是那母子俩已经走了。A. grateful”感激的；B. unwilling“不情愿的”；C. gone“不见 了”； D. tired“累的”。but表示语意转折，作者本想找到那位女士,结果她却不见了。故选C。32 .句意：但是那位母亲和她的儿子都走了，我也就没有机会给他们送这些虽小但却必需的东西 To A. ne
36、cessary“必要的“；B. expensive“昂贵的“；C. useless“无用的；D. beautiftd“美丽的作者想 送给那位女士牛奶和奶酪，这些都是生活中的必需品。故选A。33 .句意：我为没有大声说出我想为她做什么而感到难过。A. lucky“幸运的；B. frightened害怕 的“；C. terrible”可怕的，很糟的“；D. hopeless”没有希望的”。根据上文“with them went my opportunity”可知，作者为没能帮到那位女士感到很遗憾。故选C。34 .句意：如果我把这件事告诉了她，我就不会错过做好事的机会了。A.had“有“；B. mi
37、ssed错 过”；C. welcomed“欢迎”；D. refused“拒绝”。作者认为如果早点告诉她，就不会错过这个机会，就能 帮到她。故选B。36-45 题【答案】before； was fired； to create； himself； eventually； asked； an； examples； had abandoned； from【知识点】语法填空；短文填词【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了成功来之不易。像爱迪生这样的成功人士们为我们树立 了好的榜样。（36）考查状语从句。句意：成功人士在获得成功之前都要克服困难的。根据句意是在成功之前要 经历磨难，故填beforeo（
38、37）考查时态语态。句意：爱迪生因为没有工作能力,他在前两个工作中都被炒就鱼了。这里讲述 的是过去的事情要用一般过去时，主语和“开除”是被动关系，故填was fired。（38）考查非谓语动词。句意：爱迪生尝试了上千次目的为了创造灯泡，不定式结构表示目的，故 填 to create （39）考查代词。句意：爱迪生对自己很自信，反身代词“他自己”，故填himself。（40）考查副词。句意：爱迪生对自己很自信，最后他成功了。用副词形式修饰整个句子，故填 eventually o（41）考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及失败了 1000次爱迪生是什么感受时，爱迪生说我并没有失 败1000次。前后主语一
39、致是爱迪生，与动词“问及”是被动关系，应该使用过去分词，故填asked。（42）考查冠词。句意：爱迪生说我并没有失败1000次，只是经历了 1000步创造了灯泡。灯泡是 一项发明，冠词修饰名词，名词是元音开头的单词时，表示一个要用不定冠词an,故填an。（43）考杳名词。句意:成功人士给我们树立了榜样，set an example固定短语，”树立一个榜样”多 个成功人士当然设立了多种榜样，因此用复数名词，故填examples。（44）考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们放弃梦想的话是不可能取得成功的。If引导虚拟语气，与过 去事实相反用过去完成时，故填had abandonedo（45）考查介词。句意
40、：相信自己并且努力，成功离你就不会遥远。farfrom固定短语，“远离”，故 填 fronio【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，状语从句，时态语态，代词，副词，冠词，名词，虚拟语气以 及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据 上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。46 .例文Paragraph 1:Then Rogers had another idea. Since Linden could not bear her pain, Rogers left his bike where he found Linde
41、n and tried to carry Linden on his back. It was not easy though. The trails was slippery and dangerous. Rogers had to be very careful to avoid slipping. With great effort, Rogers tried to send Linden to hospital as quickly as possible. Finally, it was after the sun was set that they at last arrived
42、in the hospital safely.Paragraph 2:It was after the operation that Linden found Rogers gone. Thanks to Rogers, she was sent here in time and the operation was very successful. Linden asked nurses where Rogers was, but they had no idea where he was. Thinking of her suffering back in the trailhead and
43、 Rogers kind help, Linden really wanted to find Rogers and expressed her sincere gratitude to him. After two months, she recovered and continued her jogging down Adobe Jack Trail in Sedona. There, she happened to find Rogers on the same trail.【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文：读后续写【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了 Ro
44、gers在Sedona登山期 间，碰到了受伤的Linden,并且安全把她送到医院的故事。段落续写：由第一段内容“然后罗杰 斯有了另一个主意。”可知，Rogers本想扶着Linden去医院，但是Linden疼痛难忍，Rogers想到了 另一个送她到医院的主意。由第二段内容“手术后，林登发现罗杰斯不见了。可知，Rogers把 Linden送到医院后就离开了。Linden无法向他当面致谢。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连 贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章 显得更有档次。【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加
45、生动丰满，同 时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Since Linden could not bear her pain, Rogers left his bike where he found Linden and tried to carry Linden on his back.运用 了 原因状语从句，地点状语从句；Finally, it was after the sun was set that they at last arrived in the hospital safely.运用 了强调句；Thanks to Rogers,
46、she was sent here in time and the operation was very successful. 运用 了 并歹U句； Linden asked nurses where Rogers was, but they had no idea where he was.运用了 转折并列句，宾语从句，同位语从句；Thinking of her suffering back in the trailhead and Rogers kind help. Linden really wanted to find Rogers and expressed her sincere
47、 gratitude to him. 运用 f 现在分词作状语。47 .例文Dear Peter,Knowing that you are conducting a survey of the housework （hat high school students do at home, Im writing to inform you about what I do.Although my school schedule is rather tight. I still manage to help with the housework from time to time. Not only
48、 do I wash dishes after dinner, but I also deal with other things like sweeping the floor and taking out the trash.I hold the opinion that high school students should do some housework. For one thing, it is by doing housework that wc learn to shoulder responsibility. For another, I find the time spent doing housework with my parents really fun and rewarding.I hope that what I mentioned above will be of great use to your survey.Yours,Li Hua【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以高二学生的李华的身份向一封邮件。写作背景： 你的英国朋友Peter正在做一项关于中国高中生做家务的调查，想了解你的情况，写作要点已经给 出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）你平时做家务的情况；2）