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1、黑龙江省大庆市让胡路区大庆市大庆中学2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末检测英语试题一、阅读部分(1)阅读理解A篇Nurses are required in all areas of the medical field from hospitals and nursing homes to schools and the armed forces, heading to a great need of certified nurses. Here are some best universities for a degree in nursing.Simmons CollegeSimmo
2、ns College is a private womens college founded in Boston in 1899. Nursing is the top major at the school as well as the most popular. The nursing graduates from Simmons make about $ 58, 000 every year.Villanova UniversityVillanova University is a research university located in Radnor Township, Penns
3、ylvania. Named after Saint Thomas of Villanova, the school is the oldest Catholic university in Pennsylvania. Nursing is a popular major and is offered as an online degree as well. The nursing graduates from Villanova make about $ 63,000 every year.University of California, Los AngelesThe UCLA Schoo
4、l of Nursing is known for its excellent education provided by a group of leaders in the medical field. The four-year program allows students to be qualified nurses through classroom learning and clinical training. A nursing degree from UCLA leads to positions in many hospitals and clinics, with a ye
5、arly income of about $ 84,000.New York UniversityNew York University attaches great importance to real-world experience. Along with taking classes in school, students mainly work in the health care environment receiving technical training Additionally, Nursing students of NYU College have the chance
6、 to study in Abu Dhabi, China and other countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America. The education from NYU will prepare students to help doctors treat patients, earning a yearly income of about $ 86, 000.1. If Nora has to look after her children at home, which university or college can she
7、choose to get a nursing degree?A. Simmons College.B. Villanova University.C. University of California, Los AngelesD. New York University.2. What makes the UCLA School of Nursing famous?大庆市大庆中学高二年级期末英语试题答案和解析【答案】1. BA2. C【分析】本文是一篇应用文，从医院和疗养院到学校和军队，医疗领域的所有领域都需要护士，这 就导致了对合格护士的巨大需求。作者介绍了一些提供护理学位最好的大学。1
8、.考查细节理解。根据 Villanova University 部分中的“Nursing is a popular major and is offered as an online degree as well. The nursing graduates from Villanova make about $63,000 every year.”护理是一个很 受欢迎的专业，也提供在线学位。维拉诺瓦的护理专业毕业生年薪约为6.3万美元。可知，如果诺拉 必须在家照顾孩子，她可以选择Villanova University大学获得护理学位。故选B。2 .考查细节理解。根据 University
9、of California, Los Angeles 部分中的“The UCLA School of Nursing is known fbr its excellent education provided by a group of leaders in the medical field.”加州大学洛杉矶分 校护理学院以其在医学领域的杰出教育而闻名。可知，其高质量的教学使加州大学洛杉矶分校护理 学院闻名遐迩。故选A。3 .考查细节理解。根据 University of California, Los Angeles 部分中的“The four-year program allows st
10、udents to be qualified nurses through classroom learning and clinical training.”四年的课程让学生通过课 堂学习和临床培训成为合格的护士。可知，纽约大学护理学院更加注重学生的实践训练。故选C。【答案】4. CB5. DC【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者参加奶奶90大寿庆祝活动的经历，她从中认识到参加家庭 聚会的重要性。从而选出正确答案。4 .考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Honestly, living far from hometown, I had missed many family gatherings.
11、 But this one made me realize how much I was really missing.”老实说，住在远离家乡的地方， 我错过了很多家庭聚会。但这次让我意识到我是多么的想念。可知，作者此时的心情是遗憾的， 故选C。5 .考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“But my grandmothers generation was much busier, yet still found time to gather. They understood the importance of visiting one another. They knew time is flyin
12、g and that those you care about most wont be here fbrever.但我祖母那一代人要忙得多，但仍有时间聚在一起。 他们明白互相拜访的重要性。他们知道时间飞逝，你最关心的人不会永远在这里。但我祖母那一代 人要忙得多，但仍然找时间聚在一起。他们理解互相拜访的重要性。他们知道时光飞逝，你最在乎 的人不会永远存在。可知，祖母这一代人珍视家人，故选B。6 .考查推理判断。根据第三段中的Although the next get-together is always a year or so away, people arent goods and eve
13、ryone has an expiration （到期）dale.”虽然下次聚会总是在一年左右之后，但人不 是商品，每个人都有一个截止日期。可知，每个人都有到期日，世事无常，我们应该趁早，多看望 你爱的人。可推知我们应该趁早，多看望你爱的人，故选D。7 .考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I left my grandmothers party with a much better sense of who I am and where I come from.”离开我祖母的家庭聚会后，我对于我是谁以及我从哪里来这个问题有个更 好的理解。可知，作者在参加了自己祖母的家庭聚会后，对家庭聚会的意义有
14、了更好的理解，规劝 人们重视家庭聚会。所以文章意在强调家庭聚会的重要性，故选C。【答案】8. CD9. AA【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家们发明了 3D打印和牛的技术，打印出来的和牛价格更 低，并且可以调整牛肉的脂肪含量和口味等，人们未来可以吃到量身定做的牛肉，这是一项可持续 发展的生物工程。本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理 解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意 的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8 .考查词义猜测。根据第中的段“3D print wagyu beef （the most
15、 expensive Japanese beef） in a lab”在 实验室里3D打印和牛（日本最昂贵的牛肉）；以及“closely resemble original products”与原版产品非 常相似。可知，cultured meat指的是人工培养的牛肉，cultured意为“人工培养的“，故选C。9 .考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“By isolating beef cells, the scientists organized how muscles, fat and other cells should be placed.”通过分离牛肉细胞，科学家们组织了肌肉、脂肪和其他细
16、胞应该如何放 置。可知，3D打印的和牛牛肉的特别之处是在于科学家可以组织牛肉器官和细胞的结构。故选D。10 .考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“By improving this technology, it will be possible to not only reproduce complex meat structures, but also make subtle adjustments to the fat and muscle components/ Michiya Matsusaki, one of the projects researchers, said excitedly
17、 in a statement.”该项目 的研究人员之一 Michiya Matsusaki在一份声明中兴奋地表示：“通过改进这项技术，不仅可以复制复杂的肉类结构， 还可以对脂肪和肌肉成分进行细微调整。”推知，研究者对3D打印牛肉的态度是积极的。故选A。11 .考查推理判断。根据最后一段“While this might be the first cut of wagyu beef ever to be 3D-printed, other attempts have been made to bio-print steaks. In February this year. Aleph Farm
18、s and the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering at the Israel Institute of Technology jointly bio-printed and cultivated a rib eye steak using real cow cells.”虽然这可能是第一块3D打印的和牛切片，但生物打牛肉也有其他尝试。今年 2月，Aleph农场和以色列理工学院生物医学工程学院联合用真正的牛细胞生物打印和培育了一种肋 眼牛排。可知，关于3D生物打印技术还有更多的研究。故选A。【答案】.D12 .C14.B15.A【知识点】社会现象类；议论文【
19、解析】文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题，提出有机食品真的 比传统食品更好吗？然后引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并未比传统食品有更好的营养成分。(1)细节理解题。根据第二段第二句,“we didnt find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier”，本题定位在第二段第一句的“latest result”,与题干the new research”对应。本题应注意题 干问的是“新的调查质疑有机食品”故答案选Do(2)推理判断题。第四段详细对比了有机食品和传统食品在各方面的情况，得
20、出结论两种食品只有 细微差别，并没有哪一种比另一种营养成分更多。注意选项A以偏概全了。故答案C。(3)细节理解题。根据文章第四段第四句The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omcga-3 acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease.”故答案 B。(4)观点态度题。作者在第一段提出人们不值得花过多的钱去买有机食品，以及最后一段引用 USDA 美国农业部的
21、观点“whether you buy organic food or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest elTect on laste”以及最后一句可看出作者是质疑的态度。故答案选A。【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. F【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科幻大师阿西莫夫和他的预言的准确性以及他是如何培养他对 未来发展的特殊意识的。16 .根据空前“American author Isaac Asimov (19201992), one of the great science
22、 fiction writers of his age, had such a talent.”美国作家艾萨克阿西莫夫(1920-1992)是他那个时代最伟大的科幻作家之 一，他有这样一种天赋；以及空后“Now that were here, let,s see what he got right.让我们看看他预测 对了什么。可推知，空格处在本段中起到承上启下的作用。C. Back in 1983, he was asked to predict what the world would look like in 2019.”早在1983年，他就被要求预测2019年的世界会是什么样子 承上启下
23、，符合语境，故选C。17 . 根据空后”Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19lh century”可知，阿西莫夫认为计算机将引发一场与19世纪工业革命相当的革命；以及上文 可知，下面是讲阿西莫夫预测的结果，D. On the role that computing would play in the future, he was amazingly accurale.”关于计算机在未来将所扮演的角色。他惊人准确地预测了”是说明他预测的
24、计算 机的结果，马本段内容符合，故选D。18 .根据空前He also had a great deal to say about space exploralion关于太空探索，他也预测了。所以 空格处要接着说他预言的结果。G. The International Space Station proves his prediction that wc would not simply visit space but seek to stay there.国际空间站证明了他的预言，我们不仅要拜访太空，还要 设法留在那里”与太空探索相关，且是预测结果。故选G。19 .根据空后He read 由e
25、 newspapers and magazines sold in his parentseandy store他读了父母糖果店出 售的报纸和杂志。所以空格处要与下一句一起来说明阿西莫夫是如何培养他对未来发展的特殊意识 的。A. As a smart boy, Asimov taught himself to read at the age of five.作为一个聪明的孩子，阿西莫夫 在五岁时就开始自学”承上启下，符合语境，故选A。20 .根据空后Asimov had his finger on the pulse（脉搏）of both scientific and social chang
26、e. He had a clear vision of what was coming around the comer for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empireseries（银 河帝国系列）.*His predictions are absolutely fascinating,Calum Chase, an English writer, told BBC NewsCHe was a genius”可知，阿西莫夫将手指放在科学和社会变革的脉搏上。他在银河帝国系 列等作品中清楚地看到了人类即将面临的困境。英国作家卡鲁姆蔡斯对英国广播
27、公司说：”他是个天 才。”所以本段主要在说作为一名作家，他的书以科技引起的社会变革为主题，F. As an author, his books would feature the theme of social change caused by technology.作为一名作家，他的书以科技引起 的社会变革为主题”是本段主题句。故选F。【答案】21-35 题ABBDCBADABCDAAB【分析】讲述了非洲少年William Kamkwamba通过自学制作风车发电的故事。21 .句意：只有2%的马拉维人买得起电。A、afford买得起，B、produce生产，C、power驱 动，D、deli
28、ver投递，根据下文“ Life there is difficult. “那里的生活很困难，可知是买不起电的，故 选Ao.句意：2001年，当威廉14岁的时候，马拉维的生活变得更加艰难。A、easier更简单，B、 tougher更艰难，C better更好，D、more different更不同，根据上文的even可知，生活变得更 艰难了。故选B。22 .句意：由于干旱，威廉的家庭无法再供他上学了。A、flood洪水，B、drought干旱，C、 snow 下雪，D、illness 疾病，根据上文“William Kamkwamba lives in Malawi, Africa, whe
29、re most people have no electricity or running water.44William Kamkwamba 生活在非洲马拉维，那里大多数人没 有电和自来水。以及下文的“they can bring waler“可知，此地是没有水的，所以是干旱的。故选 Bo.句意：所以有一天，威廉去他家附近的图书馆，发现了一本叫使用能源的科学书。A、 store 存储，B、market 市场，C、factory 工厂,D、library 图书馆，根据下文“fbund a science book called Using Energy 可知是在图书馆发现了书，故选D。23 .
30、句意：其中包括建造风车的指导。A、parts部分，B、materials材料，C、instructions指 导，D、cosi花费，他是从书中看到的内容，然后知道了他的风车的建造，故选C。24 .句意：风车是非常有效的电力来源，它们可以把水从地下带上来。A、rare稀有的，B、 efficien1有效的，C、cheap廉价的，D、important重要的，根据下文“ they can bring water“可 知风车是有效的，故选B.句意：风车是非常有效的电力来源，它们可以把水从地下带上来。A、up向上，B、to到某 处，C、down向下，D、above超过，根据下文的“from under
31、ground ”可知是从地上把水带 到地面，故选A。25 .句意：威廉不懂多少英语，但书的大部分都是图画。A、knowledge只是，B、words话语， C numbers 数字，D、 pictures 图画，根据上文“William didnt know much English, but ”可知设 空处与上文是转折关系，故选D。26 .句意：看着它们，威廉想他可以为他的家人建造一座风车。A、build建造，B、draw画画， C、borrow借入，D、buy购买，根据上文for building a windmill可知是建造了一座风，故选 Ao.句意：当威廉回家开始做这件事时，很多人都
32、嘲笑他，包括他的母亲。A、caught up with赶 上，B、laughed at 嘲笑，C、looked after 照顾，D、followed up 跟踪，根据下文“They didnt think he could do it, but William was confident. “他们认为他做不到，但威廉很自信。可知因为他们不相 信，所以是在嘲笑他，故选瓦27 .句意：威廉也很有创造力。A、hardworking努力工作的，B、determined F定决心的，C、 creative 有创造力的，D、fortunate 幸运的，根据下文“ He looked for parts
33、in junkyards lo build the machine.William changed and improved his design little by little.“他在垃圾场寻找零件来制造机器。威 廉一点一点地改变和改进了他的设计。可知他是有创造力的，故选C。28 .句意：这样就有足够的电来点亮四盏灯和一台收音机。A、no没有，B、less少，C、more 多，D、enough足够的,根据下文 Noone laughed at William. “没有人嘲笑威廉。可推知，威廉 成功了，所以应该是有足够的电来供应，故选D。29 .句意：后来，威廉建造了第二座风车。A、a一个，
34、B、the这，C、other其他的，D、another另 一，“a+序数词”表示又一，再一，固定搭配，故选A。30 .句意：此外，他还利用自己的网站movingwindmins.org教育人们，给人们带来希望。A、In addition此，夕卜B、Instead而不是,C、Luckily幸运地,D、By contrast与相反的是，根据上文“ Because of his success with the windmills, William was able to go back to school.“由于他在风车方 面的成功，威廉得以重返学校。可知，设空处与上文是递进关系，故选A。31 .
35、句意：无论发生什么，都不要放弃。A、What什么，B、Whatever无论什么，C However 然而，D、How怎样，根据上文 Trust yourself and believe. *相信自己，可知无论发生什么都要 这样做，不要放弃，故选B。【答案】36-45题答案was taken/had been taken her children chatting to cope extremely depth/depths who to a 【分析】文章讲述作者的家庭发生了很多变故，作者没有被击垮，而是勇于适应这样的挑战和改变，作者感悟到，不要对过去遗憾和担心未来，要着眼当下。32 . was
36、 taken/had been taken句意：我的妻子被送进了医院。根据句意用一般过去时态或过去完成时 态，故填 was taken/had been taken。33 .her此处作宾语，故用其宾格形式，填her。34 .children根据下文的they可知，此处的名词用复数形式，故填chHdren。35 .chatting此处是现在分词作伴随状态，注意chat变现在分词要双写最后一个辅音字母，故填 chatting o.to cope此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故填to cope。36 .extremely 副词修饰形容词，故填extremely o.depth/depths in t
37、he depth(s) of 5 的深度,在 里面,是固定词组。故填 depth/depths。 43,who 在这里Emma是先行词，指人，后面的非谓语定语从句缺少引导词，缺少主语，故填 who。44 .to固定词组add to,意为“添加，增加”，故填to。45 .a句意：按着一条特别的小路。此处表示泛指，故填a。46 .【例文】Dressed in his doctors gown, he went in to see her. He saw her lying on the bed and recognized her at once. Her lovely face looked p
38、ale. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case. Luckily, after a long struggle, the battle was won, Dr Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it a
39、nd then wrote something on the side.The bill was sent to her room. Hesitantly she took it. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she opened it, on the side of which a note caught her attention. She read these words, Paid in full
40、 with a glass of milk, (signed) Dr Howard Kelly. Tears of joy flooded her eyes.【解析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了贫穷的Kelly在小时候为了能够攒够 学费，挨家挨户的推销商品，尽管如此，他还是没能成功，最后兜里只剩下一角钱。在别无选择的 情况下，他敲开了一扇门，一个善良的女孩给了他一杯牛奶。也正是这样一个善良的行为让Kelly重 拾人生信心。多年后，Kelly成为了一位知名医生，他遇到了一位病人，该病人就是小时候帮助过他 的那位女孩，Kelly为女孩治病并且为她支付了所有的医疗费用，来感激她当
41、年善意行为的故事。段 落续写：由第一段首句内容“他穿着医生的大褂，进去看她。”可知，第一段可描写Kelly进病房认出女人 并且下定觉醒帮助她。由第二段首句内容”账单被送到了她的房间。”可知，第二段可描写女人收 到账单时的反应以及最后，得知真相的感受。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻 辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档 次。本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了 许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：He saw her lying on the
42、 bed and recognized her at once.运用 了现在分词作宾补； He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life.运用 了 不定式作目的状语；She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off.运用 了 原因状语从句，宾语从句； Finally she opened it, on the side of
43、 which a note caught her attention.运用 f 非限制性定语从句。47 .【例文】Dear Sir/Madam,Im Li Hua, an exchange student from China. Learning that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition. Im writing to apply for the position.I think Im quite equal to the post, lb begin with, being exposed to E
44、nglish since a young age enables me to communicate fluently with others. Besides, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order. Additionally, I can make full use of my related knowledge to help the visitors learn more about the unique C
45、hinese art form.I would be grateful if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封信申请做志愿者。写作背景：你暑期 在伦敦学习。得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）写信目的；2）个人优势；3）能做的事情。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生 的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组
46、织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题， 给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己 熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连 接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Im Li Hua, an exchange student from China.运用 了同位语; Learning that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition
47、. Im writing to apply for the position.运用 了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；I ihink Im quite equal to the post.运 用了 宾语从句；To begin with, being exposed to English since a young age enables me to communicate fluently with others.运用 j动名词作主语；Besides, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help a l
48、ot to keep the exhibition in order.运用 了 非限制性定语从句;I would be grateful if you could take my application into consideration, is JU T 条件状语从句。A.Its high-quality teaching.B.Its four-year program.C.The clinical training it offers.D.The yearly income of graduates.3. NYU College of Nursing focuses more atten
49、tion on students,.A.future incomeB.Learning environmentC.Practical trainingD.chance to study betterB篇Recently we celebrated my grandmothers 90th birthday. Family members traveled to my hometown to visit her. This was the first time in many years that I had seen so many of them. Though this was an opportunity to see family, many people d