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1、Unit 4Growing upReading魏知识精讲* 知识点 01 while attending .教材 P50【用法详解】While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team.这里的 while 引导时间状语从句，当从句中的主 语与主句中的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，从句中的主语和be动词可以一起省略。While attending junior high = While he was attending junior highWhile she was listening to the rad
2、io, she fell asleep.=While listening to the radio, she fell asleep.【典例讲解】Please turn off the shower while your hair.A.washedB.washingC.are washingD.wash【答案】B【解析】句意：洗头时请关掉淋浴。考查动词形式辨析题。在while从句中，当主句与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动 词含有动词be时，通常可省略从句主语和动词be。本句主句是祈使句，主语和从句主语相同；完整的从句 是 while you are washing your hair. 0 根据句
3、意结构，可知选 B。叁、知识点02try out for 教材P50【用法详解】try out for参加的选拔Lucy tried out for the swimming team.露西参加游泳队选拔。【典例讲解】He was brave enough for the school volicyball team and succeeded.境可知，在被告知这里不能拍照之前没有注意到标志，故应用一般过去时态，否认句用助动词didnt加动 词原形do。应选C。【拓展】notice v.看(或听)至汁；注意到；意识到notice sb do sth注意到某人做某事的全过程；注意到某人经常做某事
4、notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在做某事The first thing I noticed about (he room was the smell.我首先注意到的是这屋子里的气味。I noticed them e in.我注意到他们进来了。I didnt notice him leaving.我没看到他离开。* 知识点 13 achievement 教材 P51【用法详解】achievement/;.成就；成绩；功绩the greatest scientific achievement of (he decade这十年最伟大的科学成就It was a remarkable
5、achievement for such a young player.如此年轻的选手有这样的成绩真是了不起。They were proud of their childrens achievements.他们对孩子们的成绩感到自豪。【典例讲解】Moyan is the first Chinese person the Nobel Prize in Literature. Its the first time the Chinese peoplesuch great achievements in this field.A.to win; have achievedB.to win; to a
6、chieveC.has won; have achievedD.has won; to achieve【答案】A【解析】句意：莫言是第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国人。这是第一次中国人在这个领域取得如此大的成就。结合 语境可知前文是不定式做定语，不定式作定语表示具体的动作。下文是主语从句，it做形式主语指代下文从 句内容，结合语境可知强调的是现在完成的动作，故用现在完成时态，应选A。【拓展】achiever （凭长期努力）到达（某目标、地位、标准）；完成He had finally achieved success.他终于获得了成功。I havent achieved very much toda
7、y.我今天没做成多少事。All youve achieved is to upset my parents.你唯一做到的就是使我的父母难过。* 知识点14prove 教材P51【用法详解】prove v.证明，后接名词、代词或宾语从句。Can you prove where you were at this time yesterday?你能证明昨天的这个时候你在哪里吗？prove还可以用作系动词，表示：证明是，被发现是，后接形容词、名词、介词短语或动词不定式作表语。The dictionaiy proves helpful.这本字典被证明很有帮助。【典例讲解】The experiment h
8、e devoted hi nisei fa perfect success.A.to provedB.provedC.to proveD.to proving【答案】A【解析】句意：他献身的实验证明是完全成功的。考查固定搭配和一般过去时。根据The experiment he devoted himsel他献身的实验证明是完全成功的。本句包含一个定语从句he devoted himself to,修饰The experiment； devoie oneself lo.是固定搭配，意思是“致力于；由devoied可知句子时态用般过去时，所 以此处谓语动词用proved：故答案选A。Q能力拓展一.
9、按照单词的适当形式填空。1 .Now all the e-bike riders must wear helmets, while（ride）.【答案】riding【解析】句意：现在所有骑电动车的人骑车时，必须戴头盔。while引导的时间状语从句，此处表示“骑车时，用进行时，主句主语与从句一-致，此处省略从句的主语和be动词。故填riding。2 . As a result, he succeeded in(gct)a scholarship.【答案】getting【解析】句意：结果,他成功地获得了奖学金。succeed in doing sth成功做某事,故用动名词getting。3 .Th
10、ree bad men broke in and the shopkeeper(force )to hand over all his money.【答案】was forced【解析】句意：三个坏人闯进来，那位店主被迫上交他所有的钱。结合句意主语the shopkeeper是第三人称单数，与 谓语force之间是被动关系，根据broke可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故为was forced.4 .As long as you are happy, it (not matter) what you will do.【答案】doesnt matter【解析】句意：只要你快乐，你将要做什么是不重要
11、的。根据are可知此处用一般现在时，主语il是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数形式，故为doesnt mattero5 .Just give me a chance and I(prove)it to you.【答案】will prove【解析】句意：给我一个时机，我将把它提供应你。祈使句+and+一般将来时的句子，故此处用一般将来时，故为will proveo6 .The plane(remain)on (he ground because of (he bad weather yesterday.【答案】remained【解析】句意：昨天因为恶劣的天气，那架飞机仍然在地上。根据yeste
12、rday可知此处用一般过去时，故为remained。7 .His sons(achieve) makes him very proud.【答案】achievement【解析】句意：他儿子的成就使他非常自豪。his sons+名词；所给单词achieve动词，实现；此处用名词“achievement 意思是“成就。谓语动词makes是第三人称单数，这里用名词单数，His sons achievement他儿子的成就。故答案为achievemenlo8.In the end. he in getting to the small town with the help of the map. (su
13、cceed)【答案】succeeded【解析】句意：最后，他借助地图成功地到达了那个小镇。根据In the end”及句意，可知，此题的时态应该用一般 过去时，动词需用过去式形式。故填succeeded。9.1 bought the house(simple) because it was large and had a garden.【答案】simply【解析】句意：我买这座房子，只是因为它大而且有一个花园。修饰原因状语从句because i( was large and had a garden, 用simple的副词,故填simply o10.Every time we Chinese
14、need help in a foreign country, at our back(stand) a strong motherland.【答案】stands【解析】句意：每当我们中国人在国外需要帮助的时候，我们的背后都有一个强大的祖国。根据题意可知此处是倒 装句，主语是a strong motherland,这里是一般现在时态，谓语动词变第三人称单数，sland是动词，站立， 竖立，故填standso题组A根底过关练一.单项选择I .There is going to only space to on the earth in the future.A.have； stand in B.
15、be； stand in C.be； standD.has； stand【答案】B【解析】句意：在未来，地球上将只有立足之地。考查there be结构和介词用法。there be表存在，have表拥有，二 者不可连用，可排除AD两项。句中space (空间)是不及物动词stand (站立)的逻辑宾语，需用介词in。 根据句意结构，可知选B。2.0nce you make a decision, youd better your mind from time to lime.A.not changeB .dont changeC.not to changeD.not changing【答案】A【
16、解析】句意：一旦你做了决定，你最好不要时不时地改变主意。此题考查had belter的用法。根据Youd belter可知, 其后接动词原形，其否认形式为Youd better not do sth.此空应填not change,应选A。3 .The victims parents have oftered a(n)fbr any useful information to the arrest of the murder.A. award; leadB. reward; leadsC. award; leads D. reward; lead【答案】B【解析】句意：受害者的父母提供了很多有利
17、于对于判决犯罪者的有力证据。award vt.授予；判定n.奖品；判决 reward n.报酬；报答；酬谢vt.奖励；奖赏an reward做主语，用单数leads。4 .A high-tech ship after the Mayflower that set sail from Plymouth in 1620.A.namesB.namedC.bc namedD.was named【答案】D【解析】句意：一艘高科技船以1620年从普利茅斯启航的五月花号命名的。考杳一般过去时的被动语态。根据“in 1620可知句子时态应用一般过去时，句子的主语A high-tech ship和谓语动词nam
18、e之间存在被动关系，因 此应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是单数，用was, name 的过去分词是named,应选D。5 .What will happen if Mary tomorrow?A.wont succeedB.dont successC.wont successD.doesnt succeed【答案】D【解析】句意：如果玛丽明天不成功，将会发生什么事？考查条件状语从句的“主将从现。wont succeed 一般将来 时；don,t success一般现在时的动词原形；wont success错误的表达方式；doesnt succee
19、d一般现在时的动 词三单。分析句子可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，需满足“主将从现，又因为主语是Mary,表单 数，所以需用一般现在时的动词三单。应选D。6 .He an engineer since he from the university.A.is; graduatesB.will be; gradualesC.has been; has graduatedD.has been; graduated【答案】D【解析】句意：自从他从大学毕业以来他就一直是一个工程师。is是；will be一般将来时；has been现在完成时： graduates毕业，一般现在时第三人称单数形式；ha
20、s gradualed现在完成时；graduated一般过去时。句中since 引导的是时间状语从句，从句中用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故应选D。7 .一Are you really willing to do so much homework?To tell you the truth, sometimes I to do that, but I think it really helps me.A.forceB.am forcedC.forcedD.was forced【答案】B【解析】句意：你真的愿意做这么多作业吗？说实话，有的时候我是被迫的，但我觉得它对我真的很有帮 助。考查一股现
21、在时的被动语态。sometimes有时，一般现在时。根据句意可知，我是被迫做这么多作业， 某人被迫做某事sb be forced to do sth。应选B。8 .The palace caught fire three times in (he last century and little of (he original building now.A.remainsB.is remainedC.is remaining D.has been remained【答案】A【解析】句意：上个世纪这个宫殿着火三次，现在原来的建筑物很少留下。根据building和remains之间是主动关 系，根据
22、句意可知是一般现在时态，主语little of the original building不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式； 应选A9 .His father always that he didnt have a chance his dream.A.regrets； to achieveB.regretted； achievedC.feels thankful； to achieveD.feels thankful； achieved【答案】A【解析】句意：他父亲总是为自己没有时机实现梦想而懊悔。regret意为“遗憾，懊悔；achieve意为实现；feel thankful意为“感谢”。由
23、后面“他没有时机实现他的梦想可推知，他父亲总是“感到遗憾，故排除C、D 两项;have a chance to do sth.是固定用法,意为“有时机做某事，故排除B,应选A。10 .The research he had devoted himself a perfect success.A.to provedB.provedC.lo proveD.to proving【答案】A【解析】句意：他致力于的研究证明是相当成功的。考查定语从句及固定搭配。根据“The research he had devoied himself.”可知,本句为定语从句；devote oneself to sth.
24、“致力于某事，he had devoted himself to 修饰先行 词Ihe research；动词prove是主句的谓语动词，根据“had devoted可知，主句时态为一般过去时，故prove 用其过去式。应选A。题组B能力提升练一、完型填空Do you know the Iron Hammer（铁榔头）？ She is not a hero from a film like Iron Man. But she will always be a brilliant star in volleyball history. Chinese people are all I of her
25、. Her real name is Lang Ping.Before the 1980s, most people didnt 2 that Chinese people were tall and fast enough to play volleyball. But the Chinese womens volleyball team 3 the world by winning the game at the 1981 World Cup in Japan. 4 ,the team got two World Cups, two world championships and a go
26、ld medal 5 the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles! On Sept. 29, 2021, China 6 the Womens Volleyball World Cup trophy （奖杯）in Japan. The team didnt lose any of 1 games during the tournament （锦标赛）The trophy is the 8 gift to celebrate the 70th birthday of China.Peoples Daily said in an article.Their su
27、ccess did not e easily. 9 on the team trained very hard, especially Lang. For example, the world cup was 10 in several different cities and the team didnt have much 11 to train. The girls have to squeeze （挤出）in training lime 12 they could. Never giving up, especially during difficult times, is also
28、part of the teams fighting spirit. Many of the teams members13 playing even after being injured.Back to the 1980s, China was not as 14 as it is today. But the teams success made them famous around （he world. She was like a hero （o Chinese sports fans. She gave everyone more 15.Lang retired many year
29、s ago. Now she coaches the Chinese womens volleyball team. Her team is preparing for the 2021 Summer Olympics. Lets cheer for the Iron Hammer!1 .A.afraidB.tiredC. scaredD.proudB.thinkC.show.promiseB .excitedC.interested0.frightenedB. Any wayC. LaterD.EverB.aboutC.fromD.atB.tookC. honoredD.beat【答案】1-
30、5 DBACD6-10 BCACD11-15 BDBAC【文章大意】文章大意：文章主要介绍了中国女排英雄“铁榔头”一郎平，以及女排精神。B.ourC.itsD.herB. worstC.leastD.mostB. AnyoneC.EveryoneD.No one10. A.happenedB.enjoyedC.watchedD.played11 .A.moneyB.timeC. powerD.chance12. A.untilB. whetherC.sinceD.when13.A.put upB.kept onC.turned downD.cut off14. A.strongB.famous
31、C. popularD.rich15. A.patienceB.attentionC.confidenceD.success【解析】.句意：中国人都为她感到骄傲。afraid害怕；tired累；scared害怕；proud骄傲、自豪。根据上文“she will always be a brilliant star in volleyball history.她将是排球历史上的一颗耀眼的明星，可推知是中国人都为她感到骄 傲，be proud of因 骄傲、自豪”，应选D。1 .句意：在20世纪80年代以前，大多数人不认为中国人足够高和快可以打排球。say说；think想；show 展示；prom
32、ise 承诺。根据“most people didnt that Chinese people were tall and fast enough to play volleyball/7 可知是中国人不够高和快，不能打排球，应该是大多数人认为如此，应选B。2 .句意：但是中国女排在1981年日本世界杯上赢得了比赛，这让世界为之震惊。surprised惊讶；excited兴 奋；interested感兴趣；frightened害怕的。根据上文可知大多数人不认为中国人足够高和快可以打排球，结 合“the world by winning the game at (he I98i World Cu
33、p in Japan.“赢得了世界杯,可知是让世界感到震惊的, 应选Ao.句意：后来，美国队获得了两次世界杯冠军，两次世锦赛冠军。So所以；Anyway无论如何；Later后来; Ever曾经。根据下文“the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles!”在1984年洛杉矶夏季奥运会上，可推测出 此处是后来，应选C。3 .句意：后来，美国队获得了两次世界杯冠军，两次世锦赛冠军，并在1984年洛杉矶夏季奥运会上获得金 牌!for为了; about关于；fi*om从;at在。根据“the 1984 Summer Olympics”可知是在奥运会.匕 用介词at, 应选
34、D。4 .句意:2021年9月29日,中国女排在日本赢得了女排世界杯冠军。brought带来；took拿;honored尊敬、 尊重；beat打败。根据the WomerTs Volleyball World Cup trophy”可知是夺得女排世界杯冠军，测出此处用look, takesthfh)m表示把从带走，应选B。5 .句意：这支球队在锦标赛中没有输掉任何一场比赛。theirs他们的；our我们的；its它的；her她的。根据 前面的主语“The team”,可知此处用its,应选C。6 .句意：这个奖杯是庆祝中国70岁生日的最好礼物。best最好的;worst最差的；least至少；
35、most最多。根 据后面的“celebrate the 70th birthday of China庆祝建国70周年，获得冠军应该是最好的礼物，应选A。7 .句意：球队里的每个人都训练得很努力，尤其是郎平。Someone某人；Anyone任何人；Everyone每一个 人；No one没有一个。根据后面的“on the team trained very hard可知是球队里的每个人都努力训练，应选 Co.句意：世界杯在几个不同的城市举行，球队没有太多的时间来训练。happened发生；enjoyed享受；watched 观看；played举行、打、玩。根据前面的“the world cup”
36、可知是世界杯被举行，推测出此处是played,应选 Do.句意：世界杯在几个不同的城市举行，球队没有太多的时间来训练。money钱；time时间；power力量; chance时机。根据“the team didnt have much . to train可知应该是没有时间去训练,应选B。8 .句意：女排姑娘们不得不在可能的时候挤出训练时间。until直到：whether是否；since自从；when当 时候。根据The girls have to squeeze (挤出)in training time . they could.可知是女排姑娘们不得不在可能 的时候挤出时间来训练，when
37、引导的时间状语从句，应选D。9 .句意:这个队的许多队员即使受伤了也继续比赛。put up建造、张贴;kept on坚持；turned down调小； cut off 切碎。根据Many of the teams members . playing even after being injured/7 后面说受伤 了，可知应该 是即使受伤了也坚持训练，keep on doing sth表示“继续做某事、坚持做某事，应选B。10 .句意:回到20世纪80年代,中国还没有今天这么强大。strong强壮的；famous著名的;popular流行的; rich 富有的。根据上文“most people
38、 didnt think that Chinese people were (all and fast enough (o play volleyball.z, 大多数人不认为中国人足够高和快可以打排球，以及“Back to the 1980s, China was not as. as it is today.可 知中国以前不像今天这样强大，应选A。11 .句意:她给了每个人更多的信心。patience耐心；attention注意；confidence信心、自信；success成功。 根据上文“She was like a hero to Chinese sports fans.可知对中国体
39、育迷来说，她就像一个英雄，推测出此处 是她给了每个人更多的信心，应选C。题组C培优拔尖练一.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息，每空一词。Do you know that a student can produce up to 240 pounds of school waste and lots of waste gas during a term? This includes transportation, food, paper, pens, pencils and so on.TransportationMany parents like driving their kids
40、 to school every day. We all know waste gas from cars is a main cause of air pollution. If parents who live in a neighborhood can drive （heir kids to school by turns each day, thatll be better. Another way of going green is to walk to school if students live near it.FoodIt is surprising that only on
41、e primary school could produce up to 19,000 pounds of lunch waste each year. That is only one school. One way to help take care of the environment is to stop using plastic bags. There are all kinds of environmental boxes for students to put their food in.Paper, pens and pencilsA lot of paper is thro
42、wn away by American students. They throw away about 1.6 billion pens every year. They waste many pens and the chemicals of them are bad for the environment. Much more pencils are thrown away than pens. Pencils are made of trees, so if more pencils are thrown away, more trees will be cut down. So stu
43、dents should reuse paper, pens and pencils instead of throwing them away.BackpacksAs fashion es and goes, almost every kid needs a new backpack every year. They can save a lot of money and materials（材料）if they reuse the same schoolbags.Students and the environmentIf possible, parents in a neighborho
44、od should takel .to drivetheir kids to school each day.TransportationStudents can go to school on2 .if their homes are not3 from their school4.Students should use environmental .to hold their food for Iunch6.of plastic bags.About 1.6 billion pens are7 .away by American studentsPaper ,pcns and pencil
45、severy yearPencils are made of 8 .Students should9 .paper, pensA.try outB.to try onC.to try out D.to try【答案】C【解析】句意：他足够的勇敢来尝试的排球队，并且成功了。iry out表示尝试；try on试穿；根据形容词+enough+2 do表示足够做某事；根据题意应选C。【拓展】try sb out试用（某人）;试验They are trying a new actressor ihe play.他们正在为戏剧试用一名新的演员。*知识点03 lose heart 教材P50【用法详解】l
46、ose heart泄气，灰心If wc dont lose heart, well succeed.如果我们不灰心，我们就会成功。【典例讲解】I didnt make any progress in English.Oh,Never.A.what a pity!B.donl lose heart.C.dont mention doesnt matter.【答案】B【解析】句意：-在英语方面我没有什么进步 -哦,不要失去信心。A. whalapity!多么的遗憾;B. donH lose heart.不 要失去信心;C. dont mention it.不要提这个了; D. it doesnt
47、matter.没有关系。根据句意,应选B。【拓展】lose face 丢脸，丢面子lose interest in对 失去兴趣lose one,s job 失业lose one,s way 迷路* 知识点04stand 教材P50【用法详解】stand作为名词的用法【答案】and pencils.BackpacksAlmost every student needs a new backpack every year aslO changes.该短文主要介绍了在校的学生也会产生大量的垃圾，污染环境，例如：交通，食物，学习用品方面产生的 废品。作者也介绍了怎么减少这些污染。1 .Food2. t
48、ums3. foot4. far5.boxesnstead7. thrown8. trees9.reuselO.fashion【文章大意】【解析】.根据后面的表格可知是关于食物的，所以填写Food。1 .根据 If parents who live in a neighborhood can drive their kids to school by turns each day, thatll be better 可知 住在街区的父母可以轮流开车送他们的孩子上学，所以填写lurnso.根据 Another way of going green is lo walk io school if students live near it.,可知如果学生住在附近可以步行 到，