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1、2019年上海嘉定区高三一模英语试卷学生用卷一、综合填空(共10小题，每题I分，满分10分)I、【来源】2019年上海嘉定区高三一模第21 3。题20182019学年上海嘉定区高三上学期期末第213。题10分People are being lured (弓I 诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service, 1 realizing that theyre paying for it by giving up plenty of personal information. Facebook then attempts to mak
2、e money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send 2(target) messages.Most Facebook users dont realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea 3 theyre paying for Facebook, because people dont really know what their personal details arc wor
3、th.The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you could keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook-you could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules 4 many thingsyour city, your photo, y
4、our friends names were set, by default (默iL) , to be shared with everyone on the Internet.According to Facebooks vice president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people dont share information, they have a “ 5 (satisfying) experience.Some critics thin
5、k this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model, 6 involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they are connecting with their friends online?So far the privacy issue 7 (land) Facebook in hot water
6、in Washington. In April, Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Commission to set regulations for social-networking sites.I suspect that whatever Facebook has done 8(invade) our privacy isonly the beginning, which is why Im considering 9(cancel) my
7、 account.Facebook is a handy site, but Im upset by the idea that 10 information is in the hands of people I dont trust. That is too high a price to pay.二、选词填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）More Evidence Is Needed, Universities RequireC. A New Earth Age May Begin, Scientists Argue五、信息匹配（共4小题，每题2分，满分8分）7、【来源】2019年
8、上海嘉定区高三一模第677。题Why do some people feel obliged to do the craziest things, while most of us are happy to sit on the sofa and watch their exploits on TV? Robin Styles ponders （考虑）this question.Generally, we love to watch someones bravery and drama a single person against the wilds of nature, testing t
9、heir endurance beyond belief. And our pleasure is greater because we live a comfortable and increasingly risk-free life, where the greatest test of endurance is getting to work through the rush hour. 1 However, there are countless ways to test （he limits of your endurance, if you should wish to do s
10、o, by attempting something unpleasant, uncomfortable or just plain dangerous.American Lynne Cox swims in sub-zero temperatures through the planets most dangerous oceans wearing only a swimsuit - for fun! According to Lynne, there is always something driving her on. At age 9, when she was swimming in
11、 an outdoor pool one day, a violent storm blew up, but she refused to get out of the pool. Something make her carry on. Then she realized that, as the water got colder and rougher, she was actually getting faster and warmer, and she was really enjoying it. At age 14, she broke her first endurance re
12、cord. Years later, experts discovered that Lynne has a totally even layer of body fat, like a seal. 2 .The famous British explorer. Sir Ranulph Fiennes, has led many major expeditions （远征）in ihe extreme cold, including walking right round （he Arctic Circle. He has also led expeditions in the extreme
13、 heat, and discovered the Lost City of Ubar in the Omani desert. 3 Sir Fiennes has said, If I am getting sick, I find a very powerful way of conquering it is to know that my father would have definitely done it.4 There is probably no such thing as a normal adventurer. Unsurprisingly, risk-takers ten
14、d to be single-minded and unusually determined people who hate the stability and routine that most people prefer. They tend to take risks for the fun of it. The excitement becomes addictive, and they want more and more of it. Ordinary life seems boring in comparison.A. She is perfectly made for doin
15、g what she docs, it seems.B. Adventurers are clearly different from the rest of us.C. What she did was really beyond our imagination.1） . It seems that many adventurers spend their 1ives trying to live up to the image of a parent.E. And most of us would prefer it to remain that way.F. Many adventure
16、rs have amazed the world with their extraordinary skills.六、阅读表达（满分10分）8、【来源】2019年上海嘉定区高三一模第71题2018-2019学年上海长宁区高三上学期期末第51题20182019学年上海嘉定区高三上学期期末第71题Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as
17、 possible.Take care of your spine （脊柱）The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves conveying electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Since your spine is so central t
18、o health, its important to look after it.Maintain good posture （姿势）is one of the most important things you can do to keep you spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when youre asleep. Slee
19、ping on you side puls less stress on your spine than most other positions. Staying still for too long-even if your posture is good-can be hard on your back. Especially if you look at a desk most of the day, its important to get up and stretch periodically.Exercise is also an important factor in the
20、health of your spine. Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better arrangement. Strength exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening （he muscles around your spine. However, dont overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can strain the muscles a
21、round your spine.Finally, your diet affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement. Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essen
22、tial fbr strong bones. Vitamin D can come from some foods, but its also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.Many of the actions necessary to keep your spine healthy are identical to those need to preserve your health in other ways. So protect our back, a
23、nd the rest of body will benefit.七、翻译句子(共4小题，1题3分，24每题4分，满分15分)9、【来源】2019年上海嘉定区高三一模第7275题翻译句子(1)任何人都不可能轻而易举获得成功。(ease)(2)遇到紧急情况一定要冷静，否则可能会造成严重后果(or)(3)我们只有学会尊重人际间的差异，才能避免误会，与他人建立和谐的关系。(only)(4)令教练欣慰的是，整个辩论队齐心协力，克服了遇到的各种困难，最终所有的努力都到了回报。(reward v.)八、书面表达(满分25分)10、【来源】2019年上海嘉定区高三一模第76题2018019学年上海嘉定区高三
24、上学期期末第76题25分Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的高三学生王蕾。学校正在招募话剧团(dramaclub)和机器人社团(robot club)新成员。你在日记中表达获知该消息时的感受，做出选择，并阐述理由。1、【答案】 without;targeted;what;so thatjess satisfying;which;has landedjto invade;canceling cancelling;my;
25、2、【答案】F;K;B;A;G;C;H;E;I;J;3、【答案】C;D;A;B;D;C;A;B;C;A;C;B;D;B;A;4、【答案】(1)B;D;C;(4) B;5、【答案】(1)D;B;B;6、【答案】(1)C;B;(3) C;D;7、【答案】E;A;D;B;【答案】 How can you look after your spine to enjoy good health? First, avoid poor posture and long-term motionlessness whether youre standing, sitting or lying. Second, d
26、o some stretching and strengthening exercise. Finally, keep a diet rich in vitamins supplemented with some extra ones if necessary and outdoor back exercise.(8) 答案】(1) It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with case.(9) Keep calm/ Calm down in emergenc
27、y, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences.*Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences /differences between (among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others.(10) To the coachs relief, all (he debate/debacing team members have worked toge
28、ther/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded.10 【答案】September 6叫2018SunnyKnowing that Drama Club and Robot Club are recruiting new members, I am very excited and consider joining them.First, I am fond of perf
29、orming and I used to take an active part in our class plays. Joining Drama Club, I will have chances to put on performances on different occasions and make many friends who have the same interest with me.Second, I am deeply interested in advanced technologies, especially the robot. Robot Club can gi
30、ve me chances to assemble, construct and operate robots, which will stimulate my interest in learning and train my comprehensive ability. It can also develop my intelligence and train my innovative spirit.All in all, as a crazy learner, I think my enthusiasm and full sense of responsibility will mak
31、e me a qualified club member.2、【来源】2019年上海嘉定区高三一模第3140题Getting help with parenting makes a difference - at any ageNew Oxford University study finds that parenting inten entions （育儿干预）for helping children with behavior problems are just as effective in school age, as in younger children.There is a do
32、minant view among scientists and policy-makers. They believes, for （he greatest effect, interventions need to be 1 early in life, when childrens brain function and behavior arc thought to be more flexible. However, according to the new research, its time to stop focusing on when we intervene with pa
33、renting, and just continue helping children in need of all ages.Just published in Child Development, the study is one of the first to 2 this age assumption. Parenting interventions are a common and effective tool for reducing child behavior problems, but studies of age effects have produced differen
34、t results until now.A team led by Professor Frances Fardner 3 data from over 15,000 families from all over the world, and found no evidence that earlier is belter. Older children benefited just as much as younger ones from parenting interventions for reducing behavior problems. There was nocvidcncc
35、that earlier interventions arc more powerful. This was based on 4 data from more than 150 different experiments.Whats more, their economic analysis found that interventions with older children were 5 more likely to be cost-effective.Professor Gardner commented: When there is 6 about behavioral diffi
36、culties in younger children, our findings should never be used as a reason to delay intervention, othenvise, children and families will suffer for longer. She continued, As for 7 parenting interventions for reducing behavior problems in childhood, we should stick to the principle, its never too earl
37、y, never too late, rather than earlier is better.The study draws the conclusion that il makes sense to invest in parenting interventions for children all ages with behavioral difficulties, because they arc no more likely to be 8 in younger than older children, at least in the pre-adolcsccnts.Of cour
38、se, theres more work to be done. The experiments conducted were 9 to prc-adolcsccnts, to shorter-term effects, and parent-reported assessment of child outcomes. Future studies are needed that focus on adolescents, longer-term outcomes, and using multiple sources for 10 child behavior problems.A. com
39、bininganalyzedB. concerntremendouslyC. effectiveappliedD. actuallycommonE. limitedassessingF. test三、完形填空（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分）3、【来源】2019年上海嘉定区富三一模第4155题Marmoset monkeys exist on a branch of ihe evolutionary three that is distinct from the one （hat led to humans. But they constantly astonish researchers
40、with 1 behavior that seems pretty highly evolved. Their social organization and 2 practices could have been the model fbr the phrase Il lakes a village. A dominant male and female breed, and （heir babies are carefully looked after by extended family members who then arent free to breed themselves.A
41、new study further 3 the marmosets reputation for admirable community values. Researchers report that these caregivers share their food more generously with little ones 4 than when theyre surrounded by the watchful eyes of other community members. In complex societies where individuals band together
42、for 5 protection, researchers have come up with a few widely accepted explanations fbr selfless behavior. Bui specific acts, like sharing a delicious cricket （蟋蟀）with a begging baby marmoset, seem to need more 6 explanation.One possibility is that an individual practices 7 as a means of enhancing hi
43、s status among peers. By 8 that he is so well gifted with material goods that he can give some away, this do-gooder enhances his power within the group. That, in turn, may 9 prospective mates. The other explanation for charitable behavior 0 that kindnesses extended to others arc simply the fees of g
44、roup membership, which offers some future promise of a chance to mate. Failure to share would result in exclusion from the group and a loss of H partners. Scientists call this the pay to stay model. Importantly, for both of these models to work, acts of kindness must have a(n)12 . That suggests you
45、would see more sharing in group settings; awayfrom judging eyes, a caregiver might be more likely to keep food for himself or herself. And yet, in 2. 581 tests conducted with 31 adult and 14 baby marmosets, the 3 appeared to be true.Anthropologists (人类学家)from the University of Zurich carefully docum
46、ented how often, in groups and in conditions that found caregiver and baby separated from the crowd, an adult would share his or her cricket. When alone with a baby begging for a taste, adult marmosets shared their cricket 85% of the time. When in a group, caregivers offered up their cricket 67% of
47、the time. Our results show that helping in common marmosets is not driven by reputation managementor 14 avoidance, the study author reported. Rather, it is driven by a deep- down motivation to help that is more 15 expressed when individuals are alone with young.vA. anima IB. carefulC. social I), ind
48、ividualA. evolvingB. communicatingC. organizing!). parentingA. shinesB. damagesC. affectsD. protectsA. at playB. in privateC. on scheduleD. by accidentA. adequateB. effectiveC. continualD. mutualA. creativeB. complexC. specificD. officialA. generosityB. wisdomC. independenceD. governanceA. promising
49、B. demonstratingC. pretendingD. explainingA. count onB. go afterC. appeal toD. benefit fromA. assumcsB. confirmsC. cnhancesD. concludesA. rcgularB. dominantC. potcntialD. previousA. atmosphereB. audienceC. feedbackD. judgeA. statisticsB. expectationsC. argumentl). oppositeA. responsibi 1 ityB. punishmentC. arrangement!), difficultyA. stronglyB. c