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1、2023老高考旧教材英语高考第二轮专题复习考点分类练（八）词句猜想题代词指代类Passage 1（2022江西萍乡一模）Fou Ts ong,a Chinese-born pianist known for his sensitive interpretations of Chopin,Debussy and Mozarl,died on Monday at a hospital in London,where he had lived for many years.He was 86.A lover of classical music from a young age,Mr.Fou beg
2、an taking piano lessons when he was 7.Mr.Fou made his first stage appearance in 1952.The concert caught the attention of officials in Beijing,who selected him to compete and tour in Eastern Europe.Mr.Fou soon moved to Poland,where he studied at the Warsaw Conservatory（音乐学校）on a scholarship.To prepar
3、e for the fifth Chopin Competition in Warsaw in 1955,he practiced so diligently that he hurt his fingers and was nearly cut from the first round of the competition.Mr.Fou was one of the first Chinese pianists to achieve global prominence when he took the third place in the International Chopin Piano
4、 Coinpetition in Warsaw in 1955.He also won a special prize for his performance of Chopin s mazurkas（马祖 卜 舞曲）.Almost overnight,he became a national hero.To China,Mr.Fou* s recognition in a well-known international competition was proof that the country could stand on its own artistically in the West
5、.Chinese reporters flocked to interview Mr.Fou,while many others sought out his father,Fu Lei,for advice on child-rearing.In 1981,a volume of letters written by his fathcEprimarily to Mr.Fou,was published in China.Fuil of advice,encouragemenl,life leachings and strict paternal lovejhe book Fu Lei r
6、s Family Letters became a best-seller in China.Besides influencing a generation of Chinese,Mr.Fu * s words resonated（共鸣）long after his death with the person for whom they were intended.4tMy father had a saying that First you must be a person,（hen an arlist.and then a musician,and only then can you b
7、e a pianist. Mr.Fou once recalled in an interview/Even now,I believe in this orderthat it should be this way and that I am this way.” l.What can be learned from paragraph 2?A.Fou Ts* ong competed and toured in Beijing. B.Fou Ts ong first performed on the stage at 7. C.Fou Ts ong made great efforts f
8、or competitions. D.Fou Ts ong started learning music in Eastern Europe. 2.Why does Fou Ts ong s global recognition mean a lot to China? A.It earns Chinese art a place in the West.B.It promotes the spread of Chinese culture.C.It proves Chinese people s talent for music. D.It enables Chinese art educa
9、tion to be recognized.3 .What does the underlined word they” in paragraph 4 refer to?A.Mr.Fu s words.B.Young Chinese.C.Fou Ts ong and his family.D.Readers of Fu Lei s Family Leiters.4 .Which of the following agrees with Fu Lei s ideas in the last paragraph?A.Pursuing art is a long and painful proces
10、s.B.lt requires various qualities to be a pianist.C.Everyone should develop an interest in art.D.Talcnt is of the greatest importance fbr a pianist.Passage 2（2022山东枣庄三模）A carbon capturing device,called Orca,began operating in Iceland in September.The machine was invented and made by a Swiss company
11、called Climeworks.The name comes from the Icelandic word orka which means energy.Orca can pull carbon dioxide out of the air and send it deep into the ground,vvhere jt is turned into stone.The device is made up of four sections which look like giant air conditioners stacked together.Each section con
12、tains 12 large fans that suck air from outside into steel conipailmcnts.Insidejhe air passes through a filler（过滤器）which gathers the carbon dioxide.il is （hen heated to a high temperature so the carbon dioxide can be collected from the filter.Then.the carbon dioxide is mixed with water and put deep i
13、n the ground into a type of rock called basalt.Basalt causes the carbon dioxide mixture to turn into stone after two or three years.Orca is an experimental device.lt was built to demonstrate that it is possible to permanently remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphcrc.lt can remove 4,000 metric tons
14、of carbon dioxide from the air each year.That s about the same amount as the emissions produced by 850 cars in a year.In order to remove enough carbon dioxide to make a big difference to global warming,much larger devices like Orca would have to be built in many countries around the world.Some envir
15、onmental activists say governments should spend more time and money on reducing （he amount of greenhouse gas we produce each year,instead of investing in carbon capture methods.But others say that,in order for countries to meet their goal of net zero emissions by 2050,thcy will need to do both:reduc
16、e new emissions and remove the carbon dioxide already in the air.5 . What s the purpose of designing Orca?A.To conserve energy.B.To achieve zero emissions.C.To protect natural resources.D.To remove carbon dioxide in the air.6 .What does the underlined word it refer to in paragraph 2?A.Orca.B.The bas
17、alt.C.The air.D.Carbon dioxide.7 .How does Orca work?a.Sucking the air.b.Collecting the carbon dioxide.c.Mixing with water.d.Filtering and heating.e.Putting into the ground.A.a,d,b,c,eB.a,c,d,b,eC.a,d,c,b,eD.a,b,c,d,e8 .Why are some environmentalists not in favor?A.Reducing emissions is more importa
18、nt.8.1 t might result in new pollution.C.The technology is not mature.D.It doesn t work efficiently.Passage 3（2022湖南岳阳二模）In February of 1942,Mexican farmer Dionisio Pulido thought he heard thunder coming from his com field. Howeventhe sound wasn I coming from the sky.The source was a large smoking b
19、reak sending out gas and pushing out rocks.This opening would come to be known as the volcano Paricutin,and over the next 9 years,its lava and ash would cover over 200 square kilometers.But where did this new volcano come from,and what caused its unpredictable eruption?One of the most common causes
20、of an eruption is an increase in magmastatic pressure.Magma（岩浆） contains various elements and compounds.At high enough concentrations,compounds like water or sulfur（硫）form high-pressure gas bubbles.When these balls of gas reach （he surfacejhey can burst with （he force of a gunshot.And when millions
21、of bubbles explodejhe energy can send ash into the air.But before they pop or burst,thcy act like bubbles of CO2 in a shaken soda.Not all eruptions are due to rising magmastatic pressuresometimes the weight of the rock above can become dangerously low.Landslides can remove massive quantities of rock
22、 from atop a magma chamber or room,dropping the pressure and instantly touching off an cruption.This process is known as “unloading” and il s been responsible for numerous eruptions.including the sudden explosion of Mount St.Helens in 198O.But unloading can also happen over longer periods of time du
23、e to heating ice or melting glaciers.In fact,many geologists are worried that glacial melt caused by climate change could increase volcanic activity.Unfortunately,knowing what causes eruptions doesn t make them easy to predict.While scientists can roughly determine the strength and weight of the Ear
24、th s crust（地壳）,lhe depth and heat of magma chambers makes measuring changes in magmastatic pressure very difficult.But volcanologists are constantly exploring new technology to overcome this rocky field.Advances in thermal imaging（热成像） have allowed scientists to detect underground hotspots.Spectrome
25、ters can analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefullyjhese tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions. 9. Why does the author mention the story of a fanner in the first paragraph?A.To show (he power of volcano eruption.B.To introduce the topic.C.To introduce the vo
26、lcano Paricutin.D.To explain the reason.10 .What does the underlined word they in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The bubbles of CO2.B.The ash of the volcano.C.Gas bubbles of compounds.D.The elements of a soda.11 .Which of the following is true about the eruption of Mount St.Helens?A.Landslides should be res
27、ponsible for its eruption.B.It began to explode over a long period of time.C.The process of “unloading occurred after its explosion.D.The weight of the rock above it increased as to cause its eruption.12 .What can wc infer from the last paragraph?A.Scientists can determine the eruption of the volcan
28、o in advance.B.It is quite difficult to measure the weight of the Earth s crust.C.Spectrometers can help scientists to detect underground hotspots.Scientists are positive about further study of volcano eruption.考点分类练（八）词句猜想题代词指代类Passage 1【语篇导读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍中国出生的钢琴家傅聪。他以其对肖邦、德彪西 和莫扎特作品的细致诠释而闻名，他的国际知
29、名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。1 .C 解析推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句话“To prepare for the fifth Chopin Competition in Warsaw in 1955,he practiced so diligently that he hurt his fingers and was nearly cut from the first round of the competition.”可知,傅聪先生为了比赛付出了很多。2 .A 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ToChina,Mr.Fou s recognition in a well-known
30、international competition was proof that the country could stand on its own artistically in the West.” 可知,傅聪的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。3 .A 解析 词义猜想题。根据第四段中的“Besides influencing a generation of Chinese,Mr.Fu s words resonated long after his death with the person for whom they were intended.”可以看出,they 指 代上
31、文提到的Mr.Fu swords,说明除了影响了 一代中国人外，傅雷先生的话在他去世后依然能 够让听到这些话的人产生共鸣。由此推知,they指的是his words。4 .B 解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“My father had a saying that First you must be a personjhen an ar（ist,and then a musician,and only then can you be a pianist/ 可知，傅雷先生教儿 子傅聪要先成为人，再成为艺术家,再成为音乐家，最后才能成为钢琴家。这说明，傅雷先生认为成 为一名钢琴家，身上要具备很多的
32、品质。Passage 2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞士公司制造的名为Orca的碳捕捉设备，并详细 说明了其工作原理和一些环保人士对它的看法。5 .D 解析推理判断题。根据第二段中“Orca can pull carbon dioxide out of the air and send it deep into the ground,where it is turned into stone.”可推知，设计Orca的目的是去除空气中的二氧化碳。6 .D 解析词句猜想题。根据第二段中“Orca can pull carbon dioxide out of the air and se
33、nd it deep into the ground,where it is turned into stone.”和指代关系可知，代词i（指的是上文提到的“carbon dioxide”。应选 D 项。7 .A解析细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知Qrca的工作过程是:先吸入空气，对其过滤并加热 收集到的二氧化碳，完成二氧化碳的收集后，与水混合，最后存入地下。8 .A 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Some environmental activists say governments should spend more time and money on reducing the amou
34、nt of greenhouse gas we produce each year.instead of investing in carbon capture methods.”可推知,一些环保人士不支持Orca,因为他们认为减少我们 每年产生的温室气体更重要。Passage 3【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是火山爆发的原因。9 .B解析推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段提到一个农民的故事是为了引出火山喷发 的原因这个主题。10 .C 解析 词句猜想题。根据第二段的“Al high enough concentrations,compounds like water or s
35、ulfur（硫）form high-pressure gas buhhlcs.Whcn these balls of gas reach the surface”及 they 后的“can burst with the force of a gunshot”可知，是气泡会爆炸,they指的是水或硫这样的化合物形成的 高压气泡，即 Gas bubbles of compounds 011 .A 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Landslides can remove .explosion of Mount St.Helens in 1980”可知，山体滑坡应该对圣海伦斯火山的爆发负责。12 .D 解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefully,these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.”可推断出,科学家们对火山爆发的进一步研究持积极态度。