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1、Unit 4 History and TracHtions词汇学习1 +语篇训练（学生版）【新教材精创】2020-2021学年高一英语新教材知识讲学（人教版必修第二册）Step 1词汇分类记忆检测。Task 1阅读词汇(英译中) 1,Confucius2,mansion3,cemetery4,philosophy5,descendant6,individual7,Achilles，heel8,currency9,military10,defence11 ,conquer12,battle13,keep your eyes open (for)14,gallery15,approach16,en
2、sure17,landscape18,ancestor19,courtyard20,feast21 ,roll22 , dot23,roar24,scent25, pub26,sensory27 9stew2 8, striking29,transiti on30,Wales31 Scotland32,Northern Ireland33,Anglo-Saxon34,V iking3 5,Norman36,the Normans37,Battle of Hastings3 8,Roman39,Van Gogh40,the Emerald Isle41 JrishTask 2写作词汇（中译英）1
3、,足跟；（脚、袜子、鞋等的）后跟Task 2写作词汇（中译英）1,足跟；（脚、袜子、鞋等的）后跟2,王国；领域3,最重要的；最高级别的；首领；酋长4,谜；智力游戏；疑惑；迷惑；使困惑5,附近的；临近的；在附近6,把和连接/联结起来一7,脱离；背叛；逃脱8,应在（某处）；适应9,属于1。,同（一样也）；和；还11,法律的；合法的12,围绕；包围13,证据；证明14,成就；成绩；达到15,地方；地点；位置16,港口（城市）17,极有吸引力的；迷人的18,收费；指控；主管；控告；充电19,宣布；通知；声称20,金额；数量21,慷慨的；大方的22,黄油；奶油；涂黄油于23,蜂蜜24,位置；姿态；职位2
4、5,点心；小吃26,热切的；渴望的27,诗人28,(英国/爱尔兰的)郡；(英国的)县29,牛30,大海；海洋31,问候；迎接32,葡萄酒；果酒33,(一杯)啤酒34,风俗；习俗；习惯35,人群；一群人；民众；挤满；使拥挤Task 3词性变换1, philosophy-(adj.)-(n.)哲学家individual-(n.)个性；个人特征；个人的嗜好2, puzzle-(adj.)感到困惑的;茫然的-(adj.)令人困惑的defence- (v.)保卫；防护；辩护-(n.)防守队员；后卫；捍卫者； 保卫者3, surround-(adj.)被环绕着的-(adj.)周围的；附近的/ (n.)环境
5、；周围的 事物61egal-(反义词)-(adv.)7, evidence(adj.)(adv.)8,achieve-常用词块： 实现梦想/目标-(n.)9Jocate-(n.) 方位； 位置； 地点10,fascinate-(adj.)迷人的；吸引人的-(adj.)着迷的；被深深吸引的1 l,announce-(n.)宣布；通知；声称-(n.) 广播员；宣告者12,generous-(adv.)-(n.)13, eager-(n.)-常用词块： 渴望14,poet-(n.) 诗；诗歌(可数)-(n.)(总称)诗歌(不可数)15, strike(adj.) 16,transit(n.)17,c
6、rowd(adj.) crowdedStep 2词汇运用检测。Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the proper form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.1. He is a descendant of.他是孑L子后裔。2. resigned and left the country.孔子于是辞职并离开鲁国。3. The family owns a lordly.那个家族拥有一座气派的大厦。4. The portal
7、 of the looks magnificent.这座大厦的正门看上去富丽堂皇。5. He was buried in this.他被安葬在这个公墓里。6. They buried the urn in the.他们将骨灰瓮埋在了公墓里。7. This organization supports the socialist.这个组织支持社会主义哲学。8. He holds the chair of at Oxford.他任牛津大学哲学教授。9. He is a of Queen Victoria.他是维多利亚女王的后裔。10. I am a of George Washington.我是乔治
8、华盛顿的后代子孙。11. A teacher can*t give attention to each pupil if his class is large.如果班上的人数多，老师就不能给予个别辅导了。12. It is difficult for a teacher to give 1 attention to children in a large class.教师在人数多的班上，很难对各个学生都照顾到。13. No shall overtop the law.任何个人的权力都不能凌驾于法律之上。14. Exceptions can not be made for.对个人不能有例外。15
9、. His is raw because his shoe does not fit well.因鞋子不合适，他的脚后跟擦破皮了。1.1 1 have a blister on my because my shoes are too tight.鞋子太紧了，我脚后跟起了个泡。17. Spelling is my.我最伤脑筋的弱点是拼写出错。18. Peter should have a good chance of winning but his is his carelessness.彼得有很好的机会取胜，但他的致命弱点就是太粗心大意。19. The ruler of a is design
10、ated a king.王国的统治者称作国王。20. In USA, New York City is the seat of commerce.在美国，纽约是主要的商业中心。Task 2单句语法填空。1. The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England-many people(confuse) by what these different names mean.2. So what is the(different) between them, if any? Getting to know a little bit about Br
11、itish history will help you solve this puzzle.3. In 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.4. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland(join) to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.5. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added(create) the Uni
12、ted Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.6. (final), in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 7. Most people just use the(short) name: nthe United Kingdom or the UK.8.
13、People from the UK(call) British , which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.9. The four countries that belong the United Kingdom work together in some areas.10. They use the same flag,(know) as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.11
14、. However, they also have some differences. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems.12. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for(compet
15、e) like the World Cup!13. The United Kingdom has a long and(interest) history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.14. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will(surround) by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different
16、times throughout history.15. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great(achieve) included building towns and roads.16. Next, the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the (five) century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and(change) the way people built house
17、s.17. The vikings came in the eighth century, left lots of new vocabulary, and also thenames of many locations across the UK.18. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. They had castles(build) all around England, and made c
18、hanges to the legal system.19. The Normans were French, so many French words(slow) entered into the English language.20. There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom, (study) the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.Task 3
19、Translation. The words and expressions in the brackets may help you.1 .你们国家有哪些主要的出口物品？ (chief; export).那首领拿一些玻璃块替换了那些钻石。(chief; diamond)2 .警察局长要求严惩罪犯。(chief ； criminal).你能帮助我解决这个难题吗？ (puzzle)3 .他坐着皱着眉头在思考纵横字谜。(frown; crossword; puzzle).这个问题把我难住了。(puzzle)4 .我一直对她捉摸不透。(puzzle sb. out).他通常在附近的超市购物。(nea
20、rby)5 .他把马拴到附近的一棵树上。(rope; nearby)6 .全村强烈反对在附近修建机场的计划。(be against;nearby).他的兄弟都已结婚，就住在附近。(nearby)7 .迷雾已消散,星星露面了。(mist; clear away).黄水仙是水仙属植物。(daffodil; belong; genus Narcissus)8 .中国人属于黄种人。(belong to; race).我有充分的理由坚信胜利是属于我们的。(victory; belong to)Step 2语篇提升训练。Task 1语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单
21、词的正确形式。1The day before my friend Alex and I went to volunteer at the local soup kitchen, I was very excited. I found that we were in L actual kitchen with other adults and it wasn*t alwayssoup that we were cooking. We made hot dogs and cookies. Also, students 2.(usual) didnt cook and just made the p
22、lates and set tables. Since Alex was fourteen and I was thirteen, we werent allowed 3.(enter) the dinner area while the people 4.(eat). I was sort of 5. (frighten) because my friends told us that we had to serve dirty, homeless people after 6. (learn) that we were going to volunteer at the soup kitc
23、hen. But the truth was that the people there weren*t all homeless. Some of the people were homeless 7.most of them werent. I learned so much that night. I grew to respect those who weren*t so 8.(luck) as me. So I wish?(many) students would take their time away from video games or TVprograms and woul
24、d come and help out at the soup kitchen. Its a wonderful learning experience and can even be fun! Alex and I still talk about W.and pretty soon we*re going to go back.2Yesterday was a crazy day. j.I had a ton of work stuff going on, I felt very tired. Then I got 2.message from one of my teammates, w
25、hich said, nWe want to let you know that there are people out there who see and 3.(true) appreciate all your hard work. This meant more to 4.(I) than anything else in a long while. Then it made me think that maybe I need to set time aside 5.(tell) the people in my life how much I appreciate what the
26、y did. I think a little thing 6.simply saying to someone Hey, great job.H could change a person*s whole mood. Say thank you to the guy behind the counter, telling him you appreciate how hard he 7.(work); tell your daughter that you are proud of her 82(perform) at school;tell your mom that you notice
27、 how much she does for the family. Sometimes when a long time goes by without 9.（recognize） for the good we do, we start to get upset, but a simple statement of appreciation could make that person become W.（energy） again for a good long time.Task 2阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A. B. C和D ）中，选出最佳 选项。ALondon
28、now has ten major stations providing long distance and local services. Eurostar trains run from St Pancras Station to the Channel Tunnel and onto mainland Europe. The railways came to London in Victorian times. The first important station was Euston, which was opened in 1837. London has a railway th
29、at goes under London. It is known as the Tube or nthe London Underground”.Londons taxis, black cabs, are as much a feature of city life as its red double-decker buses. Like the buses, black cabs are also being modernized and many are now painted other colors with advertising. All black cab drivers m
30、ust pass a strict test before they are licensed to drive a taxi. This tests their knowledge of Londons streets and the quickest traffic routes.You can phone for a black cab, hail one in the street or find one in a rank, especially near large railway stations or some major hotels. They carry a yellow
31、 For Hire sign above the windscreen which is lit up when they are free. To stop one, hold out your arm in a purposeful way. When the taxi stops, tell the driver your destination. Taxis are a good choice for groups of people sharing the fare （费用）,which can be too high - there is a minimum fare of 2.2
32、0 at all times. Tipping at about 10% is expected.The meter calculates （计算）the fare based upon time of day, distance that the taxi travelled and taxi speed. Please note that the fare may be higher if there are delays or heavy traffic. There are no extra charges for luggage or additional passengers. S
33、ome taxis accept credit or debit cards, and there is a maximum charge of 1.00 or 12.5% of the metered fare.1 .What does the first paragraph mainly tell us? A.Why London has so many stations.B.How Euston was built in London.C.The railways in London.D.The different train stations in London.2 .What can
34、 we infer from this passage?A.Taxi drivers must go through various tests. B.Taxi drivers can earn quite a lot of money. C.Black cab drivers have a wide range of knowledge. D.Black cab drivers are quite familiar with London.3 .What does it mean if there1 s a lighted yellow sign on a black cab?A.The d
35、river offers long distance service.B.The cab wont be too expensive.C.The cab is empty.D.You need to pay extra tips.4 . When you travel in groups in London, the author suggests .A.paying by credit cardB.taking a black cabC.sharing a ride togetherD.waving your hand to a taxiBAlong with Dubai, London i
36、s known for having the most expensive hotels in the world. However, there are a lot of good and affordable hotels in London, too. Here are some.Best Western London Ilford HotelIt is a 4-star hotel with 65 rooms, which has a starting stay rate of $ 65. They have relaxing showers, private bathrooms, f
37、lat-screen televisions and conference rooms. The hotel has a central heating system which works well in the rainy seasons.Skyways HotelThe Skyways Hotel is a 3-star hotel and you can choose from 35 different rooms. Its not far from Heathrow Airport. They offer the same basic facilities as any other
38、affordable hotel in London. If you dont find rooms in other cheap hotels, you can book here. One night stay costs only $ 61.5.Best Inn HotelBest Inn Hotel is a B&B hotel where one night stay costs $ 60 and the breakfast is included in that cost. The hotel tries to maintain its standard by providing
39、a better environment for travelers and residents. You can enjoy free wireless Internet. Its near the town center and shopping malls.Bay Tree HotelBay Tree Hotel is a 4-star hotel which is located in Stratford, London. The best thing about this hotel is that it is very close to the Olympic Village. S
40、o if you plan to visit where London Olympic Games were once held, you should not miss booking a room here. Its one of the most affordable hotels in London with a starting stay rate of $ 68.5 .The writer mentioned Dubai mainly because .A.it has very expensive hotelsB.it is worth a visitC.it has affor
41、dable hotelsD.it has various hotels6 .What can we learn about the Skyways Hotel?A.It is the cheapest hotel in London.B.it is an affordable 3-star hotel in London.C.it has conference rooms for businessmen.D.it has 65 rooms for you to choose from.7 .Who would most probably choose to stay at Best Inn H
42、otel in London?a. People who want free breakfast.b. People who want free wireless Internet.c. People who like going to shopping malls.d. People who want to be close to the Olympic Village.A.abcB.bcdC.acdD.abd.What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A.To encourage us to pay a visit to London.B.To recommend some affordable hotels in London.C.To tell us about some famous hotels in London.D.To compare some cheap hotels in London.