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1、外研版英语八年级上册重点知识点讲解Modul e 1 How t o lea r n Eng 1 ish. p a ir n.(相关的)两个人,一对,一双,一副a p air o f s o cks。a pair of g lo v es two pair s of t r o users一双袜子一副手套两条裤子e.g. A p a ir o f teen age bo y s are watching a f o otball game. 两个青少年正在看足球赛。1 .corr e ct(1)乙改正,纠正e.g. T he tea c her r e t urned to her r o o
2、m to cor r ect e x e r cise books.老师回到房间去改练习本。Correct the s pel 1 i n g.纠正拼写。(2)。dj.对的的;恰当的e. g .co r r ect pr o nun c iati o n 对的发音。Do y o u h a v e t h e cor r ect t i m e ?你的表走得准吗?3 . advic e九意思是“意见,建议“,为不可数名词,可用some, mu c h, a p iece o f , p ieces of等修饰,不能说an advice或ma n y/ a f ew advices o(2)表达
3、“有关的建议”时,用介词on,接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。e. g . Lefs ask for h i s advice on what to d o next.我们去征求一下他的意见下一步该怎么办。常见搭配:take/ f ollow o ne,s advic e 接受某人的建议 。 a s k f o r advic e 征求意见accept/r e f use ones a dvice 接受(拒绝)某人的建议。 offer advice to sb.向某人提供建议拓展:ad v i sew,建议常见搭配:a d vi s e s b. to d o sth. 阳 d v i s
4、e tha t sb. (shou 1 d) do sth.e.g.My teac h er a dv i ses me t o 1 e a ve now.老师建议我现在就离开。We a dvise measu r 6 s (should) be taken t o stop poll u tion at o nee.我们建议立即采用措施以阻止污染。4 . W e shou 1 d alwa y s spea k Engl i s h i n cla s s.我们应当总是在课堂上说英语。should是情态动词,意思是“应当”。通常用来表达现在或将来的责任或义务。5 hou 1 d /s h o
5、uldn9 t d o s t h.e .g.H e sh o uld work harder.他应当更加努力。You s h ou 1 d he 1 p your mo t her w i t h the ho u sewo r k.你们应当帮妈妈做家务。(doing sth.记得做过某事She remembered turning off the lights before she left the room 她记得离开房间前关了灯的.remember ap p ea r a n ce(n.) dis a p p ea r ( v .) 消失 E g:He s u d denly dis
6、a ppeare d in f ro n t o f u s .4 . hit撞击;打 Eg: The bus hits the bridge. He hits me on the hea d . 此外,h it还可以作名词,表达“轰动一时的成 功”E g :Hi s so n g m a de a hit.on tim e准时,准6 . be glad to do s t h 不久乐去做 sth Eg:I a m glad to s ee y ou a g a in.7a. i n time 及时时 Eg: I hope you can时 Eg: I hope you cancome b a
7、ck i n t im e .Plea s e han d in y o u r hom e wor k ontime.8. fall o f f=f a11 down from从摔下来你fall asle e p入睡fall i nto 掉入 fall in love with s b 爱上某人fall be h i n d 落在后面9. the risk o f的风险side b y si d e肩并肩pa y at t ention t o 注意(to 是一个介词,后接名词或d o ingEg: We sho u Id pay m o re attentio ntodevelopin g
8、 economy.10. somet i mes 有时s om e t imes几次;几倍 sometime(将来或过去)某个时候some time 一段时间aEg:He s o metime s se n d s me an e-mail.Remember i t s ome times, or you w i 11 fo r get it.Lets h ave a p a r ty sometim e n e x tweek. I wil 1 stay w i th you f or so me time a 1 l.tr y to dos th试图去做某事try ones best to
9、 do sth尽某人全力去做某事h a ve a tr y 试一试试图去做某事try ones best to do sth尽某人全力去做某事h a ve a tr y 试一试Eg: The little boytries t o g o a c r oss the r oa d by hims e If. We s houl d tr y o ur b e st to save tanima 1 s in danger.Do you h a v e a t r y ? 12. pick up捡起,捡起(代词只能放中间,名词放在中间或后面均可)。p icks b up (开车)接某人s b u
10、p (开车)接某人p i ck s th up学会某事Eg: A f t er sc h ool,h i s father d r ives his carto pick him u p e veryd a y . Mike p ic k ed up a feww o rdsof Chinese lasts u mine r .13. call sb c a 11 u p=r i n gu p打电话给s bc a 1 1 on 拜访 sb Eg:Call m e up t omorr o w. I calledmy grandparen t s yesterd a y. U 4 .a ke p
11、 h o t o s照相15. h i d e 一hid- h i d d e n E急藏g : Why did t he p oli c em a nh i d e up包庇(坏人) hid e sth from sb 瞒着某人某事h ide ou tc a tc h the manju s t now? - - -He hid up the murderer. S he h id her brothe r 5s d e a th fr o m her p a ren t s.1 6 . throw一th r e w一th r own 扔;抛 throwaway 抛弃 throw a bou
12、t 到处乱扔 th r ow at 向扔去Eg: Dont th r ow a b out th e waste p叩e r . The n a ught y boy t h ro ws at th e do g a s tone.17. As h e was lying t h e r e in g r ea t pai n , Henr y sudden 1 y rememb e r the p hoto.lie此处为不及物动词,意为“躺”。其过去式、过去分词分别为1 ay, lain;现在分词为1 yin g。 Hewas lying on the bed.lie的其他用法:不及物动词,
13、意为“说谎,过去式、过去分词均为lied;现在分词为lying。lieto sb 向sb撒谎 Eg:Don9t lie to me.不及物动词,意为“位于此时其过去式、过去分词分别为lay ,1a in;现在分词为lyi ng。Shandong lies in the ea s t o f Chin a .山东位于中国东部。18A. hurry u p hurry to do sth in a h u r ryA 1 9 . a s 当时二whenwhile a sas与同样 not a s s oas 与不同样asas p o s sib 1 e 尽也许=asa s s b can coul
14、d a s s o o n as 一就 aE g : Heis as t a 11 as m e .We sh o uld stu dyashar d a s p o ssible.I will c all you as s o on as I geth om e .20. s e n d s t h to sb=s e nd s b sthshow sth tos t b=sho w s b sthA 21. use A t o do B用A 去做 B 一Ab e u s e d to do B A 被用来做 Ba ge t be u sed tod o in g 习惯于做 sth used
15、to dosth 过去经常做 sth cEg: We can use t he b a mboo to m a k ea bask e t .He i s gets u s ed togetting up ear1y . He used tog 6 t up early.2a 2 . o n o n e 9s way to 在 sb 去路上 get in t he way 妨碍 in t his way 用这种方法b y t h e way顺便问下in a way在某种限度take off (飞机)起飞;脱下(衣服)make a dec i sion to dost h=d e cid e t
16、 o d o s th 决定做某事语法全解:when和while都表达主从句的动作或状态同时发生,但两者意义不尽相同。h. w h e n引导的从句可表达时间点,也可表 达时间段,从句的位于动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词;while引导的从句通常表达时间段,从句中宜用延续性动 词作谓语。AThey a rri v ed w h ile w e we r e watc h ing TV.2.具有when引导的时间状语的主从复合句,假如主句用过去进行时,从句应当用一般过去式,表达一个动作正在进行的时 候另一个动作发生,强调后一动作发生的忽然性。W e we r e wa t c hi
17、 ng TV wh e n s u ddenly t he 1 ight s went of f .3a.当主从句的动作都是延续的或同时发生,主从句都用过去进行时的时候,从句多用w h ile引导。T h e y we r e r eading wh i le we were wr i ting .4.假如表达从句的动作在主句的动作“之前”或之后”发生时,多用w h e n ,不用while0此外,when还具有“at t h e moment ”的意思,此时引导的句子不能放在句首,也不能用while来替换 主谓一致判断法主谓一致是指在一个英语句子中,主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致,这种一致
18、性体现在联系动词be和助 动词do, hav e的人称和数上,以及实义动词的第三人称单数上1.不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.动名词或动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式3耙 Either.or.:n either .nor.: n ot only.but also.: 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词与邻近的名词或代词在人称和数上保 持一致。4. 在he re: th ere开头的倒装句中,谓语动词与后面的珠玉在数上保持一致。4M9 Popu la t ionM. The populatio n o f C h in a is abo u t 1. 3 7 b i 11 i o
19、n.Thepo p u 1 ati o n of sp i s表达 sp 有多少人。此外用sp h a s a p o pul a t i on o f也可以表达s p有多少人。形容人口(population)的多少用big/1 a r g e或smal 1 当popu 1 ation作主语时,谓语动词用单数a询问某地有多少人口 有两种表达方法:1. Whafs t h e popula t i o n of .2. How large i s th e pop u la t ion o f .总注意:询问某地有多少人口 时不用 how many 和 h o w much a h un d r
20、 e d t h ous a ndmillionbill i on 等前有数字,用单数形式t h ree hundredh u ndr e dthousa n dmi 1 1 ion b i Hi o n 等后有 of,用复数形式 thousandsof3. noise (n.)噪音 n o i sy(adj.)吵闹的 make n o i s e发出噪音v o i c e 指嗓音(人说话或唱歌)s ound指一 切声音 3a. prepar e 准备 prepar e for 为做准备 p r e p are to d o sth 准备去做某事.a Eg:They a re p r e pa
21、ring for th e New Year. We pre p are to go f i shin g nex t weekend.4.rep o rt 报告; 报道 make a report 做报告 re p o r ter记者,通讯员notes名词复数形式“笔记随笔make n o te s记笔记5a. s u c h as for examp 1 e 例如,比如too much+不可数名词 mu c h to o +ad j . 太to o many + 可数名词4 Eg: I like fru i t, such as app 1 e s,bananas. I h ave to
22、o much h omew o r k to do toda y .That d r e s s is much t oo 1 on g for m e .T here a re too many p e o p 1 e i n th e shop o n Sunda y . 6A.i ncrease by+倍数、百分数增长了 to+具体增长后的数字 增长到总Eg: T he numbe r o f t e ache r s i n creas e d by twice.The pop ulation of the town in c r e as e d to 5 0 0 00.7. be b o rn i n + 年份地点Iwas bo r n in 1 98 5 .of+ 家庭 Hew as born of a ric h family a 8 . onefifth 五分之一分数的表达:分子在前,用基数词;分母在后,用序数词。当分子大于1时,分母需要用复数n:lwo thirds 9. hang o n a m i nute.稍等 10m qui e t (adj.)安静的;宁静的q