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1、2022-2023学年北京市房山区高三(上)期末英语试卷It was a windy day.I was walking in a forest when I saw a baby squirrel (松 鼠),who fell out of its nest, lying(l) on the ground.I tried many times to put it back, but failed.After waiting over two hours, I found it couldnt, so I decided to take it to my home for the night.
2、Once at home, I realized the squirrel, who I named Cathy, was still uncomfortable.I discovered that there were some weeds on her body, so I gave her a(3)and got her all cleaned up.Three days later, Cathy could move in the room.To our delight, she got(4)to me and my family.I gave a lot of time and at
3、tention to her, and even made her a nest.Every day, I fed her a combination of healthy foods, including fruits, vegetables, and nuts.Under my,the baby member got better and better.Everyone who came to my home loved her, and she even(6) with my two dogs.One week later, Cathy recovered(7).I realized i
4、t was the right time for her to leave.1 8) her into the wild several times, but shejust kept coming back!Maybe she was so(9) that I saved her, and expressed it in her own way.At last, with the help of my friend, the squirrel went into the wild. nCathy has brought a lot of (10)into mylife, and it see
5、ms that she feels the same way!1. A.calm2. A.wave3. A.ride4. A.ruder5. A.care6. A.put up7. A.completely8. A.risked9. A.happy10. A. security11.B. silentB. seeB. bathB. noblerB. controlB. got awayB. differentlyB. threwB. confidentB. joyC. weakC. approachC. choiceC. closerC. guidanceC. broke upC. anxio
6、uslyC. hidC. gratefulC. courageAD. curiousD. moveD. trickD. noisierD. praiseD. got alongD. disappointedlyD. releasedD. proudD. freedomLast weekend, I participated in a clean-up activity.lt was organized by an organization (1) aimed toprotect natural parks.Our team leader, Joe, (take) us to a park ou
7、tside the city.He dividedus into two groups and we worked for several hours. (3) made us happy was that the park lookedcleaner than it had looked before.lt was absolutely worth our effort!Therell be another clean-upactivity in the green belt next Saturday.Ill join too.答案和解析1 10.【答案】c、D、B、C、A、D、A、D、C
8、、B【解析】(1)考查形容词及语境理解。A.calm镇静的,沉着的;B.silent安静的,沉默的;C.weak 虚弱的;D.curious好奇的。句意:我走在森林里,看到一只小松鼠从巢里掉了出来,虚弱地躺在 地上。根据上文who fell out of its nest”及下文 I decided to take it to my home for the night (我决定 把它带到我家过夜)可知,从巢里掉了出来,说明小松鼠现在很虚弱。故答案为C项。(2)考查动词及语境理解。A.wave波动,招手;B.see看见;C.approach接近,走近;D.move移 动,行动。句意:在等了两个
9、多小时后,我发现它动不了,所以我决定把它带回家过夜。根据下 文Three days later, Cathy could move in the room.可知,小松鼠动不了了,所以需要将小松鼠带回 家。故答案为D项。(3)考查名词及语境理解。A.ride短途旅程,旅行;B.bath沐浴,洗澡;C.choice选择;D.trick 技巧,花招,诡计。句意:我发现她身上有一些杂草,所以我给她洗了个澡,把她洗干净了。根 据后面”got her all cleaned up”可知,将它全身清理干净,说明是给小松鼠洗了个澡。故答案为B项。(4)考查形容词及语境理解。A.ruder更粗鲁的;B.nobl
10、er更高贵的,更华丽的;C.closer更亲近 的;D.noisier更吵的。句意:让我们高兴的是,她变得与我和我的家人更亲近了。根据下文 Everyone who came to my home loved her可知每个来我家的人都喜欢她,此处指与我的家人更亲 近了。故答案为C项。(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.care照料,护理;B.control控制;C.guidance引导;D.praise表扬。 句意:在我的照顾下,松鼠宝宝的身体越来越好。根据前面”Every day,I fed her a combination of healthy foods, including fruits
11、, vegetables, and nuts .”可矢口,每天给小松鼠 喂各种吃的,说明是在我的照顾下,小松鼠变得越来越好了。故答案为A项。(6)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.putup举起,提高;B.got away逃离;Cbrokeup分手,打碎; D.got along相处根据上句Everyone who came to my home loved her可知每个来我家的人都很喜欢 她,她甚至和我的两条狗也相处得很好。get along with为固定搭配,表示与 和睦相处”。故 答案为D项。(7)考查副词及语境理解。A.completely完全地;B.differently不同地;C.a
12、nxiously焦急地; D.disappointedly失望地。句意:一周后,凯茜完全康复了。根据后面的1 realized it was the right time for her to leave.”可知,是时候让小松鼠离开了,说明已经完全好了。 故答案为A项。(8)考查动词及语境理解。A.risked冒险;B.threw抛,丢弃;C.hid隐藏;D.released释放,松开。 句意:我几次把她放回野外,但她总是回来!根据前面I realized it was the right time for her to leave/ 可知,此处是要将小松鼠放回野外。故答案为D项。(9)考查形
13、容词及语境理解。A.happy开心的,幸福的;B.confident自信的;C.grateful感激的;D.proud骄傲的,自豪的。句意:也许她很感激我救了她,并以她自己的方式表达出来。根据后面 的“saved her, and expressed it in her own way”可知,我救了它,说明它是在用自己的方式感激我。 故答案为C项。(10)考查名词及语境理解。A.security安全;B.joy喜悦,快乐;C.courage勇气;D.freedom自由。 句意:凯茜给我的生活带来了很多快乐,看来她也这么觉得!根据上文T。our delight, she got (4) to m
14、e and my family (让我们高兴的是,她变得与我和我的家人更亲近了。)以及Everyone who came to my home loved her, and she even (6) with my two dogs.(每个来我家的人都 很喜欢她,她甚至和我的两条狗也相处得很好。)可知,此处指小松鼠给我们带来了很多快乐。 故答案为B项。这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在森林散步的时候救助了一只小松鼠的故事。完形填空题的命题趋势解题步骤:1 .通读全文,理解大意。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大 意,这是解题的基础。2 .瞻前顾后,避难就易。在理解文章
15、大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的 原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下 文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3 .复读全文,解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留 的少数疑难问题。4 .再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文 文意连贯。11.【答案】【小题1】which/that【小题2】took【小题3 What【小题4】researchers【解析】A(1)考查定语从句关系词。句意:它是由一个旨在
16、保护自然公园的组织组织的。分析句子结构可 知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为an organization,指物,在从句中作主语,故应用which或that 引导。故填which/thato(2)考查动词时态。句意:我们的领队乔带我们去了城外的一个公园。分析句子结构可知,所填 词为句子谓语动词,结合上文时间状语last weekend可知,本文是在描述过去发生的事情,应用 一般过去时。故填took。(3)考查主语从句连接词。句意:使我们高兴的是公园看起来比以前干净多了。分析句子结构可 知,此处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,表示”的事情”,故应用连接代词what引导,句首单 词首字母应大写。故填Wha
17、t。B(1)考查可数名词复数。句意:中国研究人员已经在海底部署了一个原位科学实验站,这将使长 期无人在深海进行科学研究成为可能。researcher”研究人员”是可数名词,根据后文谓语动词have deployed可知,此处应用其复数形式。故填researchers。(2)考查过去分词。句意:原位科学实验站是近年来中国提出的一种新型深海系统。分析可知, 此处应填非谓语动词形式作后置定语,suggest与其逻辑主语a new deep-sea system之间为被动关 系,故应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填suggested。(3)考查形容词。句意:通常,传统的海洋调查从海底采集样本,然后在陆地
18、实验室进行测试。 分析句子结构可知,此处应填形容词traditional”传统的”作定语,修饰后面的名词短语marine surveyso 故填 traditional o(4)考查动词语态。句意:在深海进行原位测试,可以避免由于环境变化造成样品数据的损坏或 丢失。分析句子结构可知,所填词为句子的谓语动词,主语damage or loss of sample data与动词 avoid之间为被动关系,故此处应用被动语态,结合前文情态动词can可知,be动词应用原形。故 填 be avoided oC(1)考查副词。句意:它总是与人的积极精神密切相关。分析可知,此处应用副词closely”紧密
19、地、密切地”作状语,修饰后面的形容词related。故填closely。(2)考查物主代词。句意:例如,它的深根象征决心,而直而中空的茎代表正直和谦虚。分析可 知,此处应用形容词性物主代词its”它的,修饰限定后面的名词短语de叩root。故填its。(3)考查现在分词。句意:竹子文化一直在鼓励中国人面对困难时坚持不懈地发挥着积极的作用。 分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词plays,此处只能填非谓语动词形式作状语,face与其逻辑 主语Chinese people之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词形式作状语。故填facingoA是一篇记叙文,文章主要介绍了作者上周参与清扫活动的事情。B是一篇说明
20、文,文章主要介绍了原位科学实验站的相关情况。C是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了竹子在中国文化里的象征意义。语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型, 语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。1214.【答案】B、A、C【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据 Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)中的 This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of
21、its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.(这座城市的文化中心设计得很开放,光线充足,可以从四面 进入,人们可以借阅艺术品和书籍。)可知,人们可以从这个图书馆借艺术作品和书。故选B项。(2)推理判断题。根据 Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)中的 A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled mat
22、erials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree.lt is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.(这座建筑是尖端技术和可持续理念的完 美结合,由回收材料建造,有绿色屋顶,设计模仿桂树的外观。它也是最先进的,使用机器人起 重机将所需的书籍送到前台。)可知,关于麦觉理大学图书馆,我们知道它智能环保。故选A项。(3)推理判断题。根据文
23、章第一段 Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations.No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of readingalive.(有些图书馆以独特的建筑外观吸
24、引游客在书架间探索、专心阅读一本新书,或通过 流动图书馆服务,将书籍带给不便于到馆的读者。无论方式如何,这些别具一格的图书馆都让阅 读的魔力经久不衰。)可知,文章介绍的这些图书馆归根结底都有一个目的,就是吸引读者阅读、 鼓励读者阅读。故选C项。这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同地方的创意图书馆,其目的是鼓励人们阅读。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1518.【答案】C、B、D、A解析(1)
25、细节理解题。根据第三段 As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs.She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.(作为一名广告设计
26、专业的学生,她根据自己的设计知识,制作了创新的结,并能利用 各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品,如节日、茶和京剧人物。) 可知,徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据第四段 Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be bett
27、er developed and passed down when it meets peoples needs in daily life, says Xu. (她的产品包括可以 挂在墙上的不同大小的装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说:“我相信,非物质文化遗产在 满足人们日常生活需要的时候,才能得到更好的发展和传承。”)可知,她设计产品的重点是人们 的日常需求。故选B。(3)推理判断题。根据第三段 She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, te
28、a and Peking Opera characters.(她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品,如节 日、茶和京剧人物。)可知,徐是一个有创造力的人。根据倒数第二段Xu has also been generous in helping others.(徐一直慷慨地帮助他人。)可知,徐是一位热心的人。A.Honest and easy-going诚 实随和的;B.Modest and strong-willed 谦逊而坚强的;C.Humorous and hard-working 幽默和勤奋的; D.Innovative and kind-hearted 创新善良的。故选 D。(4)标题归纳
29、题。根据第段 Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009, and has been devoted to developing the craft since then. (2009 年,他成为 了这省 级非物质文化遗产的市级传承人,此后一直致力于发展这一技艺。)和第五段首句Chen, an online follower, has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirate
30、s.n (陈是一名在线粉丝, 一 直在阿拉伯联合酋长国教授如何制作中国结。)可知,文章主要讲述了徐在家制作中国结,弘扬 中国传统文化,成为非物质文化遗产继承人,在她的影响下中国结这一传统中国手工艺已经走向 世界。所以A.Traditional Chinese Crafts Go Global.(中国传统工艺走向世界。)适合做文章标题。 故选Ao本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了从小受家庭影响的徐,在家制作中国结,并根据自己拍摄的照片 编制中国结获得大众喜爱,同时利用自己的广告设计专业优势进行创新,弘扬中国传统文化,成 为非物质文化遗产继承人,帮助同乡的故事。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍
31、,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。1921 ,【答案】B、A、D【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一 With the development of technology, npaperlessnseems to be the new trend.Instead of writing by hand, people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly.Some people said word processing made producing and
32、editing text much easier.Will handwriting be completely replaced by typing?(随着科技的发展,“无纸化”似乎是一种新的趋势。 人们开始使用计算机打字,以快速生成文本。一些人说,文字处理使文本的生成和编辑变得更加 容易。手写会被打字完全取代吗?)可知,文章开篇提出了“无纸化”是一种新趋势,然后提出问 题”手写会完全被打字取代吗? ”结合下文内容可推知,第一段最后一句的问题是为了引出话题, 故选Bo(2)推理判断题。根据第三段中 those who took notes by hand were more likely to
33、 listen to what was being said, analyzing it for important content andnprocessing information and reframing it in their own words.”(手写做笔记的学生则更倾向于先听讲,然后分析其中的重要内容,并”用自己的语言对 信息进行加工和重构”。)和第四段中 Daniel Oppenheimer, one of the studys co-authors, told Mediums Elemental that in order to analyze the lecture,
34、people had to contemplate the material and actually understand the arguments.This helped them learn the material better.(该研究合著者之一的丹尼尔奥 本海默在接受Mediums Elemental采访时表示,”人们想要剖析课堂内容,就必须深入思考,并真 正理解其中的论点,这有助于他们更好地学习知识。”)可知,手写的人倾向于深入思考。故选A。(3)推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的 Not only that, but the studys authors also found t
35、hat writing by hand could promotendeep encoding or processing11 in a way that typing does not.(不仅如此, 该研究 的作者还发现,用手书写可以促进”深度编码或处理”,而打字则不会。)可知,手写可以促进深 度编码或处理;第三段中的 They found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word for word, while those who took notes by hand
36、were more likely to listen to what was being said, analyzing it for important content andnprocessing information and reframing it in their own words.(他们发现,使用笔记本电脑的学生倾向于逐字逐句地记下教授所说的话,而手写笔记的 人更倾向于倾听所说的内容,并分析其重要性内容和”处理信息并用自己的语言重新构建信息J) 可知,用手写记笔记的学生更倾向处理信息并用自己的话重新组织;第四段中的The most annoying thing about wr
37、iting by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.(手写最让人讨厌的地方, 也是它对学习如此有效的原因。)可知,手写对学习很有效;第五段中的“In the same vein, writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say, HOppenheimer says, nwhich may help self-expression.(奥本海默说:”同样,用手写也能让人们真正理解自己的意思,这可能 有助于自我表达
38、。可知,手写能让人真正明白自己想说什么,有助于自我表达。由此可以推断, 作者认为手写是有益的。故选D。本文是一篇说明文。随着科技的发展,无纸化已经成为了一种新趋势,但手写不会完全被打字替 代,文章主要介绍了手写带来的好处,认为手写是有益的。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。2225,【答案】C、D、A、D【解析】(1)段落大意题。文章第三段第一句 In recent years, tiny
39、pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the worlds seas and oceans.(近年来,被称为微塑料的微小塑料 碎片已经成为世界海洋的一个重大问题)为本段主题句,由此可知,本段主要介绍了世界海洋面 临的问题。故选C。(2)细节理解题。根据文章第五段中 Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilitiesit can absorb, take in liquids an
40、d other substances.(安娜罗特博士发现,这种粘液具有 很强的吸收能力,它可以吸收液体和其他物质)可知,水母的黏液可以吸收液体和其他物质。故 选D。(3)词义猜测题。划线词 properties 后面破折号部分 its abilities to absorbliquids and other substances and hold them是对the mucuss absorptive properties的解释,表示“它吸收液体和其他物质,并容纳 它们的能力”,由此可推知,properties意为“特性”。A.Qualities.能力,特性;B.Substances.物质;C
41、.Choices.选择;D.Materials.材料。划线词与quality词义接近。故选A。(4)目的意图题。阅读全文,文章第一段 Of all the weird and wonderful creatures living under the sea, perhaps the strangest are jellyfish (在所有生活在海底的奇怪而奇妙的生物中,也许最奇怪的是水母) 通过水母引出话题,根据第二段 Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an
42、 answer-a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.(现在,科学研究发现, 这些橡胶状的海洋生物可能会为塑料污染问题提供一个棘手的解决方案),倒数第二段中Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities一it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances.One of the substances jellyfish mucus absorbs are the p
43、articles that make up microplastics.(安娜罗特博士发现,这种粘液具有很强的吸收能力,可以吸收液体和其他物质。 水母粘液吸收的物质之一是构成微塑料的颗粒)以及最后一段中Dr Rotters research is still in the early stages, but its hoped that jellyfish mucus could hold the key to a future free of microplastic polluted oceans. (Rotter博士的研究仍处于早期阶段,但人们希望水母粘液能够成为未来摆脱微塑料污染 海洋
44、的关键)等可知,文章主要介绍了 Ana Rotter博士利用水母的黏液吸收海洋微塑料垃圾的相 关研究。由此可推知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的在于介绍一种有望解决海洋塑料垃圾的科学研 究。故选D。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着海洋中塑料垃圾的增多,科学家们正试图通过水母的黏 液研究解决海洋中微塑料的方法。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。2630.【答案】E、F、B、C、G【解析】(1)推
45、理判断题。根据前句Happiness is considered very important in life.lt is so powerful that it affects many thingsin your life 一 your sleep, relationships, health, study and work (幸福在生活中被认为是非常重要 的。它是如此强大,以至于它会影响你生活中的许多事情一一你的睡眠、人际关系、健康、学习 和工作),以及后文介绍获得幸福的方法,可知表示“幸福不是现成的,而是来自你自己的行动” 的选项E可以起到承上启下的作用,故选E。(2)推理判断题。根据
46、后句 Its necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow anactionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety (有 必要设定目标,期待并遵循可行的计划来实现这些目标,这可以增强你的自信心,减少压力和焦 虑),可知表示”目标设定很重要,因为它构成了你所设想的生活的轮廓”的选项F符合前后的语 境,set goals是关键词,故选F。(3)主题判断题。根据后句 When you are f
47、eeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself (当你对自己感到消极时,问问自己,你会给 一个看不起自己的朋友什么建议),可知表示”有时候,你需要像对待朋友一样对待自己”的选项B 符合本段的主题,a friend是关键词,故选B。(4)推理判断题。根据后句 Sunlight makes a difference.Spend time outside or live in aspace with natural l
48、ight (阳光会带来不同。花时间在户外或生活在有自然光的空间),可知表示” 研究还表明,花时间呆在大自然中对你有好处”的选项C符合前后的语境,outside or live in a space with natural light 和 spending time in nature 是关键词, 故选 Co(5)推理判断题。根据后句 Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback (幸福是有感染力的,所以要和那些快乐、支持并给予你 积极反
49、馈的人呆在一起),可知表示”被快乐的人包围的人更有可能变得快乐”的选项G符合前后 的语境,stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback 和 surrounded by happy people 是关键词, 故选 Go本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了通过自身努力获得幸福的方法。这是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题时,要注意上下文 语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词),选出最符合语境的句子。31 【答案】【4、题 1 lit has played an