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1、专题07名词性从句备曲2023年高考英语考试易错题【导入】“神步彼”突破名祠楹从旬第一步识别名词性从句的种类1 .首先确定主句的谓语动词，确定主句的主谓结构；2 .分析从句在主句中所充当的成分，确定从句所属类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句、同位语从句。第二步 分析从句结构，确定从句引导词确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，结合句意填写适当的连接词。1 .假设从句结构完整，用附属连词：陈述事实用that；表示疑问“是否用if或whether；2 .假设从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，那么考虑用连接代词；3 .假设从句缺少状语，那么用连接副词。另外，还需注意一些特殊的引导词（if、whether、b
2、ecause as if等）的用法及that引导同位 语从句与定语从句的区别。技巧1关注连接代词what的用法 h h h 卜刿圆囹园1. （2021 全国新高考 I 卷）is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.【解析】引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，应填what,位于句首，首字母要大写。考查名词性从句。【答案】What微易错点击what可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语等。它引导名词 性从句时有两个意思：一是表示“什么”，带有疑问意味；二是表示“所的，
3、相当于一个先行词后 接一个关系代词。Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想要成功，要相信我们所做的事情利我们是谁。即时见S1. （2020 浙江卷）Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised an
4、d crops they had sown.【解析 1考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而【解析】考查主语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么比他们去哪里旅行更重要。空处引导主语从句，从句 中缺少宾语，表示“什么”应用what引导。应选C。11.Believe it or not, your parents have experienced you have experienced as children and teenagers.A. howB. whichC. whatD. that【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：信不信由你，你的父母经历
5、过你童年和青少年时期的经历。分析句子结 构，谓语动词have experienced后面为宾语从句，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what 引导。应选C。12.More than 100 students have entered for the competition, and gains the most points will be thewinner.A. anyoneB. the oneC. whoD. whoever【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句。句意：有10。多名学生参加了这次比赛，任何得分最多的人就是获胜者。空处引 导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁，任何人
6、”应用whoever。应选D。unwise to leave can be lifes most important decisionfuture career-entirely to luck.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：把人生中最重要的决定未来的职业生涯完全留给运气是不明智的。 分析句子结构，“can be lifes most important decision”位于动词leave后面，为宾语从句，从句缺少 主语，需用连接代词what引导。应选C。14 .Jenny has got it takes to be a go
7、od actress. In other words, she has the potential to become famous.A. whatB. whenC. thatD. how【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：珍妮具有一名好演员所需要的品质。换句话说，她有成名的潜力。A.what 连接代词，表示“什么”；在名词性从句中作主语、宾语和表语；B.when连接副词，表示“什么时候”；在 名词性从句中作状语；Cthat附属连词，在名词性从句中不作成分；D.how连接副词，表示“如何工 在名 词性从句中作状语。分析句子可知，got后面接宾语从句，设空处在从句中作宾语，结合选项，选项A符
8、 合题意，应选A。II、语法填空.Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles5 song “The Long and Winding Road”.is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.【答案】What【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏 主语，应用what引导,指代“经历的事情工 故填What。15 .Over thousands of years, they
9、began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, andmore on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【答案】what【解析】what,考查宾语从句。空格处是介词on后的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，因此要用what,意为“ 的东西.Another benefit of exercise is it will improve your body*s immune system, making you better preparedto fight of
10、f infection.【答案】that【解析】考查表语从句。句意：锻炼的另一个好处是它会提高你身体的免疫系统，让你更好地对抗感染。 此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用只起连接作用的that引导。故填that。16 .While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as farsouth as James Bay in Canada.【答案】that【解析】此处缺引导同位语从句的连接词that,说明evidence的具体内容，“证据说
11、明.Tt is possible caffeine may cause birth defects （缺陷）in humans, too.【答案】that【解析】分析句子结构可知，该句是一个主从复合句，it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。17 .Have you ever wondered you would do to solve math problems if you didnt have a calculator orcomputer or even pencil and paper?【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：你有没有想过，如果你没有计算器或电脑，甚至没有铅笔
12、和纸，你会做 什么来解决数学问题？ you would do to solve math problems为宾语从句，从句中do后缺少宾语，表 示“什么”,故填whato.Spanish sport newspaper Marca noted that Wu has answered those who doubted his move to the club and his quick adaptation to La Liga （西 甲）has surprised many people”.【答案】that【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：西班牙体育报纸马卡报指出，吴回应了那些质疑他转会的人，并
13、称“他 对西甲的快速适应让很多人感到惊讶: 此处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作 用、无实意的that引导。故填that。18 .These 3000-year-old symbols, jiaguwen, were carved on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativity.【答案】how【解析】考查宾语从句。句意见上一题。根据空格前的介词
14、into可知，此处为宾语从句。在宾语从句中， 句子不缺成分，表“如何”含义，所以用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。19 .I like the most are the traditional wet markets, restaurants offering various dishes and the numerous cultural activities that are available there.【答案】What【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我最喜欢的是传统的菜市场，提供各种各样菜肴的餐馆和众多的文化活 动。分析可知，该句为主语从句做主语，从句缺宾语，表示“我最喜欢的是
15、”，因此用what引导，句首字母 需大写。故填What。20 .It also raises questions about European governments are doing enough to keep up and care for suchbuildings.【答案】whether【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：这也引发了一些问题，即欧洲各国政府是否有足够的努力来维持和 维护这些建筑。空格处引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语，根据句意，空格处句子成分齐全，由上文的 question可知，用whether是否”符合题意，故填whether0.The ideal nap de
16、pends on you want from that nap.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中缺少want的宾语，所以用what引导。故填what。25 .The students returned to school with a sense of achievement, a feeling they helped people in need.【答案】that【解析】考查连接词。句意同上。此处为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故应用that。故填that。26 .Use some simple techniques to distract from the issue
17、and hopefully with time, the person won*t be able to remember he is supposed to forget.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作动词forget的宾语，故用 what导该宾语从句，表示随着时间流逝，这个人就不会记得他应当忘记的事情了。故填what。27 .There will be challenges ahead, however, which is we are fully preparing for all possibilities.【答案】why【解析】
18、考查名词性从句。句意：然而，前方会有挑战，这就是为什么我们正为各种可能性做好充分准备。 表语从句中，缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why。故填why。29.If she had vision for three days, Xiong said, she would like to see with her eyes the piano that accompanies her for more than a decade looks like.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：熊小姐说，如果她能有三天的视力，她想亲眼看看陪伴她十多年的钢琴是 什么样子的。宾语从句中缺少介词like的宾
19、语，且是指物。故填what。30.1 first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes,is left isnt enough fbr my designs.【答案】what【解析】考查主语从句。句意：首先我必须移除所有腐烂的局部，有时，剩下的局部缺乏以满足我的设计。 此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物应用what引导。故填what。31.we feed our bodies feeds our eyes.【答案】What【解析】考查连词。句意：我们喂给身体的东西喂给眼睛。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代“东 西，故填W
20、hat。32.The ideal nap depends on you want from that nap.【答案】What【解析】考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中缺少want的宾语，所以用what引导。故填what。33.Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are you eat!【答案】what【解析】考查连词。句意：一定要有一个强烈的意识，你吃什么就是什么!本句为表语从句，引导词在从句 中作eat的宾语，表示“你吃的东西”，故填what。34.But its not the fact Only people with bad hand
21、writing are attracted to the medical field.【答案】that【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：但这并不是说只有书写不好的人才会被医学领域所吸引。分析句子结构 可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。 故填thato35.1 wanted to see for myself what happened/9 said Terry. I couldnt imagine it is like to lose your homeand everything that you know and the po
22、werful effect the huiTicane had on those people.【答案】what【解析】考查连接词。句意：我无法想象失去你的家和你所知道的一切是什么样子，也无法想象飓风对那 些人的强大影响。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意可知应用what。故填what。山、完形填空Yungang Grottoes (石窟)in Datong, Shanxi Province, are a world cultural heritage (遗产)site with a history that 1. (go) back more than 1,500 years. In
23、Yungangs 45 big grottoes and more than 200 small grottoes, roughly 59,000 figures of the Buddha, 2. (be) a priceless treasure of human culture.3. because of the effects of climate change and natural disasters, the grottoes face damage year after year. Thanks to 4. (advance) digital technology, resea
24、rchers are busy “duplicating”(复制)the Yungang Grottoes in an attempt to preserve the precious cultural relics (遗物).Employing 3D laser scanning technology, the researchers5. (digital) record the shapes, colors and other fine details of the grottoes and later reproduce6. by using 3D printing technology
25、.The new technology could enable more people7. (access) the cultural relics despite the distance. In June, 2020, the Zhejiang University Cultural Relics Research Institute and Yungang Grottoes Research Institute together “copied and pasted” Cave No. 12 of the Yungang Grottoes fbr an8. (exhibit) in H
26、angzhou, in which is the worlds first 3D-printed 1:1 copy of a grotto.These Yungang9. (researcher) attempt is a good example of technology helping to preserve cultural heritage. It is hoped 10. the new digitalized technologies will facilitate the “rebirth of the cultural relics, and bring them to mo
27、re places worldwide.【答案】1. goes2. are3. But 4. advanced5. digitally6. them7. to access8. exhibition9. researchers910. that【解析】这是一篇说明文。山西大同云冈石窟是世界文化遗产，距今已有1500多年的历史。文章主要介 绍研究人员使用数字技术复制云冈石窟，希望保存这些遗产。1 .考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：山西大同的云冈石窟是世界文化遗产，可追溯至1500多年前。句子 陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且定语从句修饰先行词history,从句中谓语动词与先行词保持一致，应用第 三人
28、称单数形式。故填goes。2 .考查主谓一致。句意：云冈的45个大石窟和200多个小石窟中，大约有5.9万尊佛像，是人类文化中 无价的财富。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为“45 big grottoes and more than 200 small grottoes”， 谓语动词用复数。故填are。3 .考查连词。句意：但是由于气候变化和自然灾难的影响，石窟一年年地面临着破坏。上文提到石窟的 价值，结合空后“石窟一年年地面临着破坏”可知，上下文是转折关系，应用but,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Buto.考查形容词。句意：由于先进的数字技术，研究人员正忙于“复制”云冈石窟，试图保护珍贵的
29、文物。修 饰后文名词短语digital technology,应用形容词advanced,作定语。故填advancedo4 .考查副词。句意：利用3D激光扫描技术，研究人员将石窟的形状、颜色和其他细节数字记录下来，然 后使用3D打印技术进行复制。修饰后文动词record应用副词digitally,作状语。故填digitally。5 .考查代词。句意：利用3D激光扫描技术，研究人员将石窟的形状、颜色和其他细节数字记录下来，然 后使用3D打印技术进行复制。止匕处指对上文提至II的“shapes, colors and other fine details of the grottoes”进行 复制
30、，作宾语，应用代词them。故填them。6 .考查非谓语动词。句意：这项新技术可以让更多的人在距离遥远的情况下接触到文物。结合句意表示“让 某人能够做某事”可知短语为enable sb. to do sth.o故填to access.考查名词。句意：2020年6月，浙江大学文物研究所和云冈石窟研究所在杭州的一个展览会上共同“复 制粘贴”了云冈石窟第12窟，这是世界上第一个3D打印一比一“复制”的石窟。空处作宾语，表示“展览” 应用名词exhibition,冠词an提示应用单数。故填exhibition07 .考查名词的数和所有格。句意：云冈研究人员的尝试是科技帮助保护文化遗产的一个很好的例子
31、。根 据上文these可知researcher应用复数，且与后文名词attempt构成所属关系，故应用名词所有格researchers5o 故填 researchers5 o.考查固定句型。句意：人们希望新的数字化技术能够促进文物的“重生”，并将其带到世界更多地方。 结合句意表示“人们希望 ”句型为it is hoped that，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语。故填that。in、作文最近，一位叫“何同学”的大学生用英语采访苹果CEO蒂姆库克（Tim Cook）的视频火了，其中他流利的英 语和自信的态度给大家留下了深刻印象。假如你是李华，请给“何同学”（Mr. He）写一封英文求助信
32、，希 望他能推荐一些英语口语的高效训练方法。内容：1 .视频对年轻人的影响：2 .求助的内容；.表示感谢。注意；.写作词数为80左右；1 .开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.Dear Mr. He,How is everything going?Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Mr. He,How is everything going? I am Li Hua, a high school student and also one of your admirers/fans.
33、 Needless to say, I am deeply impressed by your wonderful performance in the virtual interview with Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple. So fluent is your oral English that together with your confident gestures, you have really set a good example for the young generation. Therefore, I was wondering if you co
34、uld bother to share some effective approaches with me to improving my spoken English as well as building up my self-confidence when communicating with foreigners? It would be better if you could elaborate why you recommend them and how to efficiently use them. Id be more than grateful if you could o
35、ffer some constructive suggestions.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua 【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给何同学写一封求助信，希望对方能推荐一些英语口语的高效训练方 法。第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量过去进行时。 结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：1 .说明视频对于年轻人的影响；.描述求助内容；2 .表示感谢。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）Needless to say; be deeply impr
36、essed by; in the virtual interview; together with your confident gestures; set a good example for; bother to do; share some effective approaches with me; as well as; build up my self-confidence; more than grateful; offer some constructive suggestions; look forward to 第三步：连词成句（包含关键句，至少3句）1.1 am Li Hu
37、a, a high school student and also one of your admirers/fans.2.Needless to say, I am deeply impressed by your wonderful performance in the virtual interview with Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple.3.So fluent is your oral English that together with your confident gestures, you have really set a good example
38、for the young generation.4.Therefore, I was wondering if you could bother to share some effective approaches with me to improving my spoken English as well as building up my self-confidence when communicating with foreigners?5.1t would be better if you could elaborate why you recommend them and how
39、to efficiently use them.6.Looking forward to your early reply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）.表并列补充关系:as well as1 .表因果关系：Therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型 lSo fluent is your oral English that together with your confident gestures, you have really set a good example f
40、or the young generation. （So 开头的表语前置倒装）高分句型 2 It would be better if you could elaborate why you recommend them and how to efficiently use them.（虚拟语气和宾语从句）真题演练【2022年】1 （2022 新高考 II 卷）力 dont know to thank him.”答案：how解析：考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+t。do 不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。2（
41、2022 年浙江 1 月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak shecould do so remotely.答案：if/whether解析：考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask 后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/i色是否符合语境，故填whether或if。2021年】1. （2021 年新高考全国 1 卷语法填空）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me
42、 of the popular Beatles5 song“The Long and Winding Road”. 56 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.【答案】What【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句 缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代
43、“经历的事情: 故填What。【2020年】1. （2020 江苏卷）It is not a problem we can win the battle; its just a matter of time.A. whether B. whyC. whenD. where【答案】A【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否; B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文it，s just a matter of time可知，此处指“我们 能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句
44、是真正的主语。应选A。2. （2020 天津卷）The student completed this experiment to make come true Professor Josephhad said.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. where【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示“所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。应选B。3. （2020 浙江卷）Over thousands of year
45、s, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖, 而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句局部缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代 词根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。【2019年】1.12019江苏卷】Scientists have obta
46、ined more evidence plastic is finding its way into thehuman body.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句 子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。应选B。2 .【2019新课标 I 卷】While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence61 they range all the wayacross the Arctic, and as
47、 far south as James Bay in Canada.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同 位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。3 .【2019匕京卷】 What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go.【答案】where【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去 哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。【2018年】1 .【20181 匕京】
48、Without his support, we wouldn be we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why【答案】c【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when 表时间，where表地点，why表原因。we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指 我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。2 .【2018W匕京】This is my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【答案】D【解析考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when 表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指 我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引