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1、鹤岗市第一中学高（三）英语开学考试题英语试题第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAmsterdam Destination GuideAmsterdam is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world, famous for its beautiful canals, top art museum and cycling culture. Here are some of the key points to
2、remember as you plan your trip to Amsterdam.Peak （高峰）SeasonPopulationLanguage（s）Currency （货币）JanuaryClimateJuly ClimateMay toOctober813,562DutchEuroAverage high:5.8 Average high:22.0 Must-See AttractionsMost visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre, which is full of traditional arc
3、hitecture, shopping centers, and coffee shops. Dont miss the Dam Square and the areas around Spui and Nieuwmarkt. Youll also want to check out Amsterdams Museum Quarter in the South District, which is a great place to buy souvenir gifts for family back home at the Albert Cuyp Market and having a pic
4、nic in the Vondelpark. If you have lime you should try to explore the Canal Ring, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and is a pub for celebrity spotting and nightlife today.TransportationTravelers should be aware that Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is
5、 one of the busiest airports in the world. This airport is located about 15 kilometers southwest of the city center. Youd better catch a train from Schiphol to Amsterdam Central Station, which has many connecting routes （路线）.Its typically not a good idea to drive a car to the city center because tra
6、ffic is crowded and parking is difficult to find. Cycling is quite popular here, and its easy to find cheap bike rentals around town.1. Which month is the high tourist season?A. July.B. January.C. April.D. December.故选E。【18题详解】根据下文 “To this day, the phrase the spirit of ox still refers to controlling
7、 anything that may present itself as an obstacle .（直到今天，“牛气”这个短语仍然指控制任何可能出现障碍的事物。）”可知，牛是种吃苦耐劳 踏实有能力的动物。G 选项 “Theox is considered a symbol of diligence and earnestness （认真）in Chinese culture.（牛在中国文化中被认为是勤奋和认真的象征。）”符合题意，故选G。 【19题详解】根据后文 “When someone achieves a great achievement through hard work, peo
8、ple often use niu”, meaning “awesome”, to describe him or her.（当一个人通过努力工作取得了巨大的成就时，人们经常用“牛”，意思是 “棒”,来形容他或她。）”可知,牛的这种精神也被带到了工作领域。D选项“The spirit或highly praised and many people follow as （heir work rules.（这种精神受到高度赞扬，许多人把它作为他们的工作规则。）”符合 题意，故选D。【20题详解】根据下文“This is reflected in a couplet from a poem by Lu
9、 Xun （1881-1936）, Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers; Head bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children ” , which fully expresses the poet s loyally（忠诚）tothcpeople.（这反映在鲁迅（1881-1936）的一首诗的对联上：“横眉冷对千夫指：俯首甘为孺子 牛”，充分表达了诗人对人民的忠诚。）”可知，牛具有忠诚勤劳的形象。A选项“They are loyal and work hard.（他们很
10、忠诚，工作也很努力。）”符合题意，故选A。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分85分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题L5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Jenna had graduated from her middle school and was lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood College. She was ready for new 21 at the college and filled with confidence. 22. she didnt expect it that colleg
11、e lifewas quite 23. In the first week. Jenna went to tryouts for cheerleaders. She was competing against verytalented girls, and she knew it would be 24for her to be selected. Two hours later, the25read a list ofthe girls for a second tryout. Her heart26as the list ended without her name. Feeling27.
12、 she walkedback to her dormitory carrying her schoolbag full of homework.Arriving at the dormitory, she started with 28. She had always been a good math student, but now shewas 29. She moved onEnglish and history, and was 30 to find that she didnt have any trouble withthose subjects. Feeling better,
13、 she decided not to 31 math for the time being.The next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school 32. Mrs. Biden wasnt asenthusiastic as Jenna. Im sorry, 33 we have enough 34 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and well talk then. Jenna smiled 35 and left. Why is college
14、so different? she sighed.Later in math class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 36. Bythe end of the class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decidedshed 37 to try to fitin with her new school. She wasnt sure if shed _3
15、8but she knew she had to tiy.College was just as her mom had said, You will feel like a small fish in a big pond _39 a big fish in a smallpond. The challenge is to become the 40_fish you can be.21. A. decisionsB. challengesC. problemsD. exercises22. A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. BesidesD. Otherwise23. A.
16、 normalB. necessaryC. differentD. desperate24. A. simpleB. troublesomeC. certainD. difficult25. A. editorB. judgeC. bossD. candidate26. A. stoppedB. jumpedC.sankD.changed27. A. awfulB. lonelyC. happyD. strange28. A. EnglishB. historyC. scienceD. math29. A. workingB. strugglingC. complainingD. improv
17、ing30. A. botheredB. ashamedC. pleasedD.shocked31. A. show upB. make fbrC. give upD. prepare for32. A. committeeB. teamC. newspaperD. radio33.A. andB. soC. orD. but34. A. writersB. playersC. speakersD. readers35. A. brightlyB. weaklyC. widelyD. happily36. A. courageB. lackC. hopeD. sorrow37. A. hesi
18、tateB. refuseC. continueD. attempt38. A. succeedB. completeC. agreeD. accompany39. A. in the hope ofB. in honor ofC. in case ofD. instead of40. A. tallestB. bestC. hardestD. gentlest【答案】21.B22. A23. C 24. D25. B 26. C 27. A28.D 29. B 30. C 3D 32. C 33. D34. A 35. B36. D 37. C 38. A39. D40. B【解析】【分析】
19、本文是篇记叙文，主要讲述了主人公Jenna在进入大学后所经历的变化及其努力适应的过程。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析工句意：她对大学的新挑战做好了准备，信心满满。A. decisions决定：B.challenges挑战； C. problems 问题；D. exercises 练习。根据上文的 lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood College 及new可 推知，新的大学生活对Jenna来讲有许多挑战，故选B.【22题详解】A考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而；她没想到大学生活会大不一样。A. However； B. Therefore因止匕；C. Bes
20、ides 此外；D. Otherwise否则。此处指她满怀信心地准备迎接新挑战，但她没想到大学生活和想象的不同。上下 文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选A.【23题详解】C考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. normal正常的;B. necessary必要的;C. different不同的；D. desperate 令人绝望的。根据下文的“Why is college so different?，she sighed”可知大学生活与Jenna想象的很不一样，故 选C.【24题详解】D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她和一群很有天赋的女孩竞争，知道自己很难被选中。A. simple简单的；B. troubl
21、esome 麻烦的；C. certain 必然的；D. difficult 困难的。根据“competing against very talented girls可推知 Jenna感觉自己很难被选上，与下文的the list ended without her name呼应。故选D.【25题详解】B考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个小时后，裁判宣读了第二轮选拔的女孩名单。A.edilor编辑；B.judge法官, 裁判：C. boss老板；D. candidate候选人。根据常识可知是由裁判宣布进入下一轮选拔的名单的，故选B.26题详解】C考查动词词义辨析。句意：名单上没有她的名字，她的心一沉。A
22、. stopped停止；B. jumped跳跃；C. sank下 沉；D. changed改变。根据as the list ended without her name可知得知没有自己的名字,即：没有进入下一 轮选拔，Jenna心情沉重。sbJs heart sinks意为”心情沉重,情绪低落”。故选C.【27题详解】A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她心情很差，背着装满作业的书包问到宿舍。A. awful糟糕的；B. lonely孤独 的；Chappy高兴的：D. strange奇怪的。根据语境可知由于被淘汰了，Jenna感觉糟糕（心情很差）。故选 A.【28题详解】D考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了
23、宿舍,她从数学作业开始。A. English英语;B. history历史；C. science科 学；D. math数学。根据下文的“She had always been a good math student”可知Jenna开始做自己擅长的数学 作业。故选D.【29题详解】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：她数学一直很好，但现在她感到很吃力。A. working工作；B. struggling挣扎， 吃力；C. complaining抱怨；D. improving提高。根据“but”的转折含义可推知，曾经擅长的数学现在让她感 觉有些吃力。故选B.【30题详解】C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她接着写
24、英语和历史作业，很高兴地发现她在这些科目上没有任何问题。A. bothered 烦恼的;B. ashamed 惭愧的；C. pleased 高兴的；D. shocked 震惊的。根据she didivt have any trouble with those subjects可知Jenna在英语和历史学科上没有遇到任何问题很高兴，与F文的Feeling belter”呼应。 故选C.【31题详解】D考查动词短语辨析。句意：感觉好些了，她决定暂时不准备数学了。A. show up出现；B. make for导致，有 助于；C. give up放弃；D. prepare for为准备。根据上文的“
25、Feeling better”和Jenna做数学作业不理想的情 况可推知，Jenna暂时不准备数学了。故选D.【32题详解】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Jenna去找拜登太太，谈上校报的事。A. committee委员会；B. team 团队；C. newspaper报纸；D. radio收音机。根据下文的for the newspaper already可推知拜登太太在校报工 作，因此她找拜登太太是谈上校报的事，故选C.【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：抱歉，但是我们已经有了足够多的作者。A. and和；B. so所以；C. or或者； D. but但是。Jenna找拜登太太应聘校
26、报作者工作，拜登太太说已经有了足够多的作者，此处上下文表示 逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。【34题详解】A考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. writers作者;B. players队员;C. speakers发言者;D. readers读者。根据 for the newspaper already并结合选项可推知，Jenna是去校报应聘作者工作，结果遭到了拒绝。说明一经有 了足够的作者，故选A.【35题详解】B考查副词词义辨析。句意:Jenna淡淡地笑了笑,离开了。A.brightly鲜明地;B.weakly淡淡地;C.widely 广泛地;D. happily快乐地。根据Come back ne
27、xt year and well talk then”可知Jenna被校报拒绝了，因此只 是淡淡地笑着离开了。结合语境选B.【36题详解】D考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来在数学课上，Jenna努力找出那些给她带来巨大悲伤的问题。A. courage勇 气；B. lack缺乏：C. hope希望；D. sorrow悲伤。根据上文可知Jenna啦啦队选拔赛遭淘汰，数学学习 上感到吃力，应聘校报坐着工作被拒，这些问题使她很伤心。故选D.【37题详解】C考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jenna收好书后，决定继续努力适应她的新学校。A. hesitate犹像；B. refuse拒 绝；C. continue 继
28、续；D. attempt 尝试。根据下文的try to fit in with her new school but she knew she had to try 可推知Jenna并没有气馁，决定继续试着适应新的学校。故选C.【38题详解】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不确定自己是否成功，但她知道她必须尝试。A. succeed成功；B. complete完 成；C. agree同意；D. accompany陪伴。根据but she knew she had to try可推知Jenna对自己能否成功并 没有把握，但是知道自己必须去尝试。故选A.【39题详解】D考查介词短语辨析。句意：你会觉得
29、自己像大池塘里的小鱼，而不是小池塘里的大鱼。A. in the hope of怀 着的希望;B. in honor of为了纪念；C. in case望万一,假设；D. instead of代替，而不是。根据a small fish in a big pond 和 a big fish in a small pond 此处表示对比,故选 D.【40题详解】B考查形容词词义辨析。句意:挑战在于成为你所能成为的最好的鱼。A. tallesi最高的:B. best最好的;C. hardest 最难的；D. gentlest最温和的。结合空前句中a small fish和a big fish可知，此处
30、表示“要成为池塘里最好的 鱼”，在文中引申为“做最好的自己故选B.【名师点睛】第三节单项选择题（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）41. Mum pul more wood on the fire to make it and the room became warm gradually.A. wind upB. burn upC. wind downD. put out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈在火上放了更多的木柴，使它燃烧起来，房间渐渐暖和起来。A.wind up结束；B.burn up燃烧；C.wind down逐渐减小；D.putout扑灭。结合下文所说房
31、间渐渐暖和了起来可知， 这里说的是木柴燃烧起来，burnup “燃烧”符合句意，故选B项。42. The course about Chinese food attracts over 100 students per year,up to half are from overseas.A. among whichB. for whomC. with whoseD. of whom【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：关于中国食物的课程每年吸引100多个学生，其中多 达一半是来自于海外的。四个选项均为“介词+关系代词”结构，分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定
32、语 从句,先行词是100 students,指人，“halfof.”表示“的一半”,先行词在从句中作of的宾语,因而 用of+whom引导。故选D。【点睛】（2017天津）My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A. darentB. shouldntC. needntD. mustnt【答案】C【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打 扫。A. darcn t不敢；Bshouldn t不应该；C. n
33、eedn t不需要；D. mustn t不许。根据but可知，意思表 示转折，故选C。【点睛】情态动词主要考查句意和说话人的语气的强弱，这几个情态动词的否定形式意思各不相同，确定 各自的含义，弄清它们的区别再结合上下文语境就不难理解了。daren七通常表示“不敢，shouldn、强调的是 没有义务，必要性；needrft表示“不需要”，muslnt表示不许，语气比较强烈，它们之间有明显不同。43. When I was at college I three foreign languages, but I all except for a few words of each.A. spoke;
34、 had forgottenB. spoke; have forgottenC. had spoken; had forgottenD. had spoken; have forgotten【答案】B【解析】【详解】考杳时态。句意：上大学的时候，我能说三门外语，但现在除了每门语言的几个单词外，我都忘 记了。根据时间状语“When Iwas al college”可知，”能说三门外语”是读大学的时候的事情，讲述过去的 事情用一般过去时态，第一空处用过去式spoke；结合句意可知，“除了每门语言的几个单词外，我都忘记 了 ”强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态have forgotten.,故选B项。4
35、4. 一Help me out in （he kitchen and I you to a cup of coffee.Sounds good.A. will treatB. treatC. am treatingD. have treated【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：要是你在厨房里帮我忙的话，我将请你喝咖啡。一听起来不错。根 据句意可知，句子用的是固定句型:祈使句+and+简单句,and后面句子用一般将来时，因此空格处是will treat, 故选A。45. With Christmas, people have been doing more shopping onli
36、ne.A. approachingB. observingC. joggingD. settling【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着圣诞节的临近，人们在网上购物更多了。A. approaching （在距离 或时间上）靠近；B. observing观察;C. jogging慢跑：D. settling解决，定居。根据句意可知,人们在网上 购物更多了，是因为圣诞节临近了，“approach”意为“（在距离或时间上）靠近“，动词词性，符合句意， 句子为“with的复合结构”作状语,“Christmas”与“approach”为逻辑上的主调关系，故空格处应用“approach”
37、 的现在分词“approaching”作宾补。故选A项。46. The pictures on the wall us of (he happy junior school days.A. remindB. memorizeC. organizeD. explore【答窠】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：墙上的照片让我们想起了快乐的中学时光。A. remind提醒，使想起；memorize记住；C. organize组织；D. explore探索。根据句意和句中“pictures”可知，照片应该是让我们 想起了快乐的初中时光，“remind sb. of sth.”意为使某人
38、想起某事，“remind”意为“提醒,使想起”,动 词词性，符合句意。故选A项。47. Pension should be increased in line with earnings or prices, whichever is the higher.A. originallyB. unusuallyC. bitterlyD. annually【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:养老金应根据收入或物价每年增加，以较高者为准。A. originally起初； B. unusually 不寻常地;C. bitterly 伤心地;D. annually 每年。根据后文 “in l
39、ine with earnings or prices, whichever is【he higher”可知，此处指养老金应根据收入或物价每年增加，应用annually。故选D。48. The reason he hasnt come is.A. that; because he is illthat; because of his illnessB. why; for he is illwhy; that he is ill【答案】D【解析】【详解】考杳定语从句和表语从句。句意：他没有来的原因是他病了。he hasnt come是定语从句， 先行词the reason,关系词在从句中作原因状
40、语，用why引导；is后是表语从句，从句意思完整，不缺成份， 应用that引导。故选DoMy eldest son,work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. thatB. whoseC. hisD. who【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的最大儿子，他的工作带他去全世界，现在在纽约。本句是一个非限制 性定语从句，先行词是my eldest son,根据句意和空后名词，确定引导词作定语，在定语从句中只有引导词 whose修饰名词作定语，意为“的”。故选B。【点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查
41、关系词的辨析，关系代词Ihal, which, whom, as, who在句中作主语， 宾语，表语；whose作定语；where, why, when在句中作地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分， 看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。第四节单句拼写（注意：要填写适当形式）（共10个小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Letters to the e （n.编辑）must carry the writers full name, address and telephone number.（根据中英文提示 单词拼写）【答案】editor#ditor【解析】【详解】考杳名词。句意：给编辑的信必须写
42、上作者的全名、地址和电话号码。根据中英文提示和空格前 定冠词the可知,应填入名词editor,作宾语。故填editor。49. Imagination and f（n.幺J想）can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.（根据中英文提示单 词拼写）【答案】fantasy#antasy【解析】【详解】考杳名词。句意：想象和幻想在实现我们恐惧的事情中扮演着重要的角色。根据首字母及汉语提 示可知，此处使用名词fantasy,表示“幻想”，是不可数名词。故填fantasy。50. A woman excused the int
43、erruption and handed me an e（n.信封）.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】envelope#nvelope【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：一位女士请求我原谅她的打扰并递给我一个信封。根据单词首字母和汉语提示 “信封”可知,空格处涉及单词“envelope”，意为“信封”，为可数名词,根据空格前不定冠词“an”可知, 应用“envelope”的单数形式，作“handed”的直接宾语。故填envelope。51. The t（adj.典型的）example is computers, which are almost out-of-date once they are
44、 bought.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】typical#ypical【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：典型 例子是计算机，一旦购买，它们几乎就过时了。分析句子可知，此空 应填形容词，再根据中文和首字母提示可知，应填typical,在这里作定语修饰后面主语example。故填typicaloThe number of people employed in the a（n.农业）has fallen in the last decade.（根据中英文提示单词拼 写）【答案】agriculture#griculture【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在过去十年里从事农业的人数下降了。根据汉
45、语和首字母提示，空格处填 agriculture,在句中做介词in的宾语。故答案为agriculture。52. I c（V.点击）on the link at the bottom of the page.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】clicked#licked【解析】【详解】考杳时态。句意:我点击了页面底部的链接。事情已发生，谓语动词click.点击）用一般过去时。 故填 clickedo53. 0（adv.显而易 见），a balanced diet and proper exercise are both important if you want to lose weight.
46、（根 据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】Obviously#bviously【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，如果你想减肥，均衡的饮食和适当的运动都很重要。分析句子可知，空 处需填副词作状语修饰整个句子，且根据提示可知，此处可填副词obviously,意为“显而易见”，句首首字 母大写。故填Obviously。54. There are 108 main c（n.人物）in the novel Marg/力.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】characters#haracters【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：小说水浒传中有108个主要人物。依据空前的There are 108 main可知
47、应填 名词复数形式，作主语，根据汉语、首字母提示及句意，应填characters。故填characters。55. We are doing our best to finish the task as soon as possible with the limited r（n.资源）.（根据中英文提示 单词拼写）【答案】resources#esources【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们正在尽最大努力以有限的资源尽快完成任务。根据单词首字母和汉语提示 “资源”可知，空格处涉及单词“resource”，意为“资源”，为可数名词，根据句意可知，有限的资源不止2. Where can tourists enjoy shopping?A. In the Vondelpark.B. Al the Canal Ring.C. At the Dam Square.D. At the Albert Cuyp Market.3. What transportation is recommended traveling from Schiphol to Central Station?A. By bike.B. On foot.C. By car.D. By train.【答案】LA 2.D3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文