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1、TEM8：翻译与写作 支永碧支永碧 2011年年10月月15日日 Part I：增词译法：增词译法班门弄虎：Show off ones proficiency before Lu Ban,the master carpenter.(增加词语，提供背景知识)三个臭皮匠胜过诸葛亮 The wit of three cobblers combined surpassed that of Zhuge Liang the master mind.Basically，the theory proposed,among other things,that the maximam speed possible
2、 in the universe is that of light;就其基本内容而言，这一学说提出的论点包括：光速是宇宙中最快的速度；(增加修饰语，以示强调)Ideally，one day,researchers will know enough about the genesis of earthquakes and the nature of particular faults to predict quankes directly.最理想的情况是，有朝一日研究人员能够对地战的成瘾及其具体断层的性质有足够的了解，从而能够直接预报地震。（增加修饰语，以示强调）He dismissed the
3、 meeting without a closing speech.他没有致闭幕词就宣布结束会议。（增加动词）Part II：省词译法省词译法1)The sun is bright,and the sky is clear.阳光明媚，晴空万里2)在工作中，我们必须避免不必要的犯错误。We must avoid making（unnecessary）mistakes in our work.3）可怜两个强徒，化作南柯一梦。Poor ruffians,their lives vanished like a dream(in Nanke).4)这台电视机价廉物美。This television se
4、t is really cheap(in price)and fine(in quanlity).5)中国足球的落后状态必须改变。The(condition of)backwardness of the Chinese football must be changed.Part III:合词译法合词译法1）In our workshop there is a hard and fast rule against smoking.我们车间有严格严格的规定，不许吸烟。2）He is a man of culture and learning.他是个很有学问的人。3）你怎么能过河拆桥，忘恩负义呢？H
5、ow can you kick down the ladder?4)他决心洗心革面，脱胎换骨。He is determined to turn over a new leaf.5)那 宝钗却又行为豁达，随分从时，不比黛玉孤高自诩，目下无尘，故深得下人之心；就是小丫头们，亦多和宝钗亲近。Besides,baochais generous,tactful and accommodating ways contrasted strongly with Daiyus standoffish reserve and won the hearts of her sunordinates,so that n
6、early all the maids like to chat with her.Part IV:转性译法转性译法1）Vietnamese War is a drain of American resources.越南战争不断地消耗美国的资源。2）The government called for the establishment of more technical schools.政府号召建立更多的技术学院。3）It was officially announced that Paris is invited to the meeting.官方宣布，巴黎应邀出席会议。4）I am no
7、drinker,nor smoker.我挤不喝酒喝酒，也不抽烟抽烟。5）那个家伙笨得出奇。That fellow is a a typical fool.6）他谋杀了谋杀了他的老板。He is the muderer of his boss.7）他教导我们要珍惜每一次机会。He taught us the value of every opportunity.8)那个家伙总是滔滔不绝第讲个不停。That fellow is very talkative.规律：英美人喜欢名词和介词，而中国人多喜欢动词。Part V:转形译法转形译法1）You think she will come if it
8、is fine tommorrow.But I dont think so.你认为明天天好他就会来，但我觉得他不会来不会来。（我不认为是这样）2）He is well over forty years old.他早过了不惑之年不惑之年。（他早过了四十岁）3）我不喜欢抽烟，抽烟对身体没有好处。I dont like smoking;it is no good to health.(I dont like smoking;smoking is no good to health.)4)八十七年前，他出身在一个富贵人家。Four score and seven years ago,he was in
9、 a rich family.(or Eight decades and seven years ago)Part VI:褒贬译法褒贬译法1）many people think that he is one of the most ambitious politicians of our time.很多人认为他是至今为止最有野心的政客最有野心的政客。2）诗人应该具有丰富的想像力。A poet should have rich imagination.3)真遗憾，你的想像力太丰富了。What a pity!Youve got into wild flights of fancy.4)褒义：tha
10、nks to;by vietue of;中性：owing to;due to;because of;as a result of;in view of;贬义：in consequence of 5)something/anything/nothing/somebody/anybody/nobodyHe has a strong desire to be somebody.他极想出人头地。Its always something that you are the owner of so many wonderful books.想想你拥有这么多好熟，你就会感到自慰感到自慰。There must
11、be something in it.这里面必有名堂名堂。They are nameless nothings.他们是无名之辈。I am a mere nobody.我是一个微不足道的无名小卒。Everybody who was anybody in Labour poliytics turned up.工党政治生活中的头面人物头面人物个个都到场了。He is always saying the usual polite nothings.他总是在说那些寻常的客套话。Note：一个褒义词往往会给整个句子乃至更大的上下文带来感情色彩。翻译时，不仅要注意感情色彩明显的词语，而且要对原文中某些并五感
12、情色彩的词语也恰如其分地使用褒贬译法。The reckless driver died in the traffic accident.那个莽撞的驾车人在车祸中丧生。（没有使用“驾驶员”和“死”等中性词）Lecture 3:句法翻译句法翻译Part I:换序翻译法换序翻译法Part II:断句翻译法断句翻译法Part III:转句翻译法转句翻译法 Part IV：合句翻译法：合句翻译法Part V:缩句翻译法缩句翻译法Part VI:转态翻译法转态翻译法 Part VII:正反翻译法正反翻译法1换序翻译法1）Even the wild animals of hia homeland,it se
13、emed to Kunta,had more dignity than these creatures.昆塔觉得，即使他家乡的野兽也碧这群人自尊自重。(插入语换序)2）Send us a message in case you have any dificulty.万一有什么困难，请给我们一个信。（状语从句换序）3)发生这样的事不是你的错。Its not your fault that this has happened.(主语从句换序)4)她认真热情，一字不漏地记下了所说的话。Conscientious and eager,she took down what was said,carefu
14、l not to miss a word.(谓语和状语换序)5）会议没能取得一致意见就结束了。The meeting ended in disagreement.(状语换序)6）He witnessed the sixth post-wareconomic crisis of serious consequence that prevailed in various fields in the USA.他亲眼目睹了他亲眼目睹了美国美国战后战后第六次第六次后果严重的后果严重的波波及各领域的及各领域的经济危机。经济危机。(复杂的换序翻译法复杂的换序翻译法)(英语原文定语的词序：次第定语时间定语本质
15、性定语、中心词判断性定语陈述性定语国别定语)（汉语翻译的词序：国别定语时间定语次第定语陈述性定语本质性定语、中心词）互动练习：1）这3个县经历了那场中国70年代第四次较为严重的遍及数省的自然灾害。2）她，一个瘦弱多病的女孩子，以她坚强的毅力写出了一部部催人奋进的小说。3）我们为顾全大局于同年秋末在第三方的调停下开诚布公地多次强烈要求贵方赔偿我们的一切损失。4)For this reason,our company explained solemnly to your company many times in February last year.3）The three countries u
16、nderwent the fourth rather serious natural disaster that plagued several provinces in China in the 1970s.(复杂换序)4）A thin and weak girl susceptible to diseases,she wrote one inspiring novel after another with her strong will.(同位语换序)5）With the third party acting as an intermediary,to take the interests of the whole into account,we strongly demanded with frankness and sincerity many times at the end of the autumn of the same year that you should compensate all our losses.6)我公司为此于去年二月郑重地多次向贵公司解释。