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1、2022-2023学年重庆市高三(上)第四次质检英语试卷AYou can pay a fortune to travel around the world.Or you can choose the places that wont cost you a dime.Here are some places youll never regret visiting.National Mall, Washington D.C. (U.S.A.)You can walk a pathway from the Lincoln Memorial to the Washington Monument wit
2、h other sights in between.Do you know you can go up in the elevator to the top of the Washington Monument? Tickets are free, but pay a small fee to reserve them in advance to avoid being disappointed.Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris (France)This great treasure of the world simply cant be missed.The great
3、 rose stained-glass window alone is worth the visit.The Sunday Mass with Gregorian chanting was like stepping back in time.Admission is free every day, but youre welcome to leave a donation.There are also free tours a few times each week.Youll pay extra for tours of the bell tower.Fusterlandia, Jaim
4、anitas, Havana (Cuba)Artist Jose Faster left Cuba decades ago to travel in Europe and came back inspired to decorate his run-down properly in the suburbs of Jaimanitas with broken tiles (瓷砖).Eventually he covered a good portion of the neighborhood with his fantastic tile art, including bus slops, be
5、nches, front gales and more.For anyone who enjoys folk art this is a must-see, and its incredible that there is no entrance charge. The British Museum, London (U.K.)This is a place where you can immerse yourself in two million years of human history, art and culture. You need to go there to see the
6、Egyptian mummies, the ancient Greek marbles and so many other treasures.Its open every day and unlike most other attractions in England that cost an arm and a leg, its completely free.1. What do the four places have in common ? A. Advance reservation.B. Free admission.C. Abundant collections.D. Guid
7、ed tours.2. If you are into folk art, which place suits you best? A. National Mall.B. Notre-Dame Cathedral.C. Fusterlandia.D. The British Museum.3. What can you enjoy in Notre-Dame Cathedral ? A. The mummies.B. The Washington Monument.C. The Greek marbles.D. The rose stained-glass window答案和解析13.【答案】
8、B、C、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段You can pay a fortune to travel around the world.Or you can choose the places that won*t cost you a dim e.Here are some places youll never regret visiting.(你可以花一大笔钱环游世界。或者你可以选择不 花一分钱的地方。这里有一些你永远不会后悔的地方。)可知这四个地方的共同点是免费入场。 故选B。(2)细节理解题。根据 Fusterlandia, Jaimanitas, Havana (Cuba)部
9、分中For anyone who enjoys folk art this is a must-see, and its incredible that there is no entrance charge.(对 于任何喜欢民间艺术的人来说,这是一个必看的地方,而且不可思议的是它不收门票)可知,如 果你喜欢民间艺术,Fusterlandia最适合你。故选Co(3)细节理解题。根据 Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris (France)部分中The great rose stained-glass window alone is worth the visit.(光是那巨大的
10、玫瑰玻璃花窗就值得一看) 可知,在巴黎圣母院大教堂可以欣赏到玫瑰玻璃花窗。故选D。这是一篇应用文,文章介绍了一些值得游览的免费景点。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。47.【答案】B、C、A、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段中 My parents never once spoke of the stress of having to pay for college, but I kn
11、ew enough to appreciate that it was there.(我的父母从未提起过支付大学学费的 压力,但我知道,它就在那里)以及下文父母问及此事时作者的回答Because s too much money.(因为需要太多钱)可知,作者没有告诉她的父母法国之行是因为她认为她的父母负担不起。故 选B。(2)推理判断题。根据倒数第三段 We were their investment, me and my brother.Everything went into us.(我们是他们的投资,我和我哥哥。一切都投入到了我们身上)可知,父母把一切都投入到了 作者和哥哥身上,尽管有经
12、济压力,他们还是尽力让作者去法国的班级旅行,所以作者的父母对 孩子充满爱且非常支持孩子。故选C。(3)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 We would stay in a hostel, tour the Louvre and the Eiffel Tower.(我们会住在青年旅社,游览卢浮宫和埃菲尔铁塔)可知,作者将在巴黎参观一些景点。故选A。(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段I remember all the details.(我记得所有的细节)可知,作者想通 过提及她的航班起飞来说明她对这次经历的深刻印象。故选Do这是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述作者的父母虽然有经济压力,但仍然支持作者参加法国的班
13、级旅 行的故事。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。811.【答案】C、A、C、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段They have existed for nearly 60 million years and were widespread in China, Korea,Japan and Russia until the 1960s when the widespread use
14、of pesticides and fertilizers,plus a loss of Habila, drove the birds lo near extinction.(它们已经存在了近 6000 万年,广泛分布在 中国、韩国、日本和俄罗斯,直到20世纪60年代,杀虫剂和化肥的广泛使用,加上哈比拉的损 失,使这种鸟类濒临灭绝。)可知从第一段我们可以了解到人类活动使朱鹘处于极度危险之中。故选C。(2)词句猜测题。根据第二段第三句中的yet和第四句Finally, in May 1981, a breakthrough came.(1981年5月,终于有了突破。)可知,此处是指在1981年
15、5月前所有的努力都是徒劳,所以 to no avail意为“徒劳无功”。A.In vain.徒劳无功;B.With passion.充满激情的;C.By chance.偶然的; D.Beyond control.无法控制的。故选A。(3)细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 Steps were taken to ensure the birds were not disturbed, with people stationed 24/7 near the tree to prevent attacks by other animals.(为了 确保鸟儿们不受打扰, 人们每天24小时都在树旁待命,防止
16、其他动物袭击。)可知,朱鹘在野外被发现后,人们日夜守 护在树旁以保护它们。故选C。(4)标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句However, Liu Yinzeng,then a researcher at the Zoology Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,refused to accept what seemed to be the birds* destiny.(然而,当时中国科学院动物研究所的研究员 刘银增拒绝接受这种鸟的命运。)以及第三段Steps were taken to ensure the birds were not d
17、isturbed, with people stationed 24/7 near the tree to prevent attacks by other animals.(为了确保鸟儿们不受打扰, 人们24小时都在树旁待命,防止其他动物袭击。)和最后一段The area where the birds were initially found became the site of the first crested ibis conservation station in China and 19 chicks were born from 1981 until 1990.(这些鸟最初被发
18、现的地区成为中国第一个 朱鹘保护站的所在地,从1981年到1990年,有19只雏鸟出生。)以及最后一句Today,some five decades later, the number of crested ibises in China has reached more than 2,600 at the last count, the Chinese state-run news agency Xinhua reported this month.(据中国官方通讯 社新华社本月报道,大约50年后的今天,根据最近一次统计,中国朱鹘的数量已超过2600只。) 可知,文章主要是讲中国是如何拯救朱
19、鹘的。故选D。这是一篇说明文。朱鹘有红色的爪子和脸,加上一个大而弯曲的黑色喙和冠,在中国被称为美人 鸟或仙鸟,20世纪60年代,杀虫剂和化肥的广泛使用,加上哈比拉的消失,使这种鸟类濒临灭 绝,中国科学家通过不懈努力拯救了这种鸟类。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】A、D、C、B【解析】(1 )细节理解题。根据第四段 In images streamed as the imp
20、act neared, the egg-shaped asteroid grew in size from a little spot on screen to have its full rocky surface come quickly into focus before the signal went dead as the craft hit right on target.(在撞击临近时流传的图像中,这颗蛋形小行星从屏 幕上的一个小点变大,在信号消失之前,它的整个岩石表面迅速成为焦点,因为飞船正好击中目 标。)可知科学家们是通过飞船撞击目标时失去了信号来知道飞船成功撞击小行星的。故
21、选A。(2)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 The impact was the peak of NASAs Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) , a 7-year and more than $ 300 million effort which launched a space vehicle in November of 2021 to perform humanitys first ever test of planetary defense technology.(这次撞击是 美国宇航局双小行星重定向测试(DART)的最关键测试。这个于202
22、1年11月发射航天器的测 试将历时7年、耗资超过3亿美元,其目的就是进行人类第一次行星防御技术测试。)可知,发 射宇宙飞船的目的是测试保卫地球的技术。故选D。(3)推理判断题。根据第三段 But planetary defense experts say in reality, if astronomers spotted a dangerous incoming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing
23、 it with a small spacecraft.(但行星防御专家说,在现实中,如果天 文学家发现了一个即将来临的危险的太空岩石,最安全和最好的解决办法可能是一些更巧妙的东 西,如简单地推动它偏离轨道与一个小航天器撞击。)和第四段Thafsjust what NASA did on Monday evening, when a spacecraft headed straight into an asteroid called Dimorphous, which is around 7 million miles away and poses no threat to Earth.Its
24、 about 525 feet across and orbits another larger asteroid.(这 正是美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)周一晚上所做的,当时一艘航天器径直撞向一颗名为 迪莫弗斯(Dimorphous)的小行星,该小行星距地球约700万英里,对地球不构成任何威胁。直 径约525英尺,围绕另一颗较大的小行星运行。)和第五段的As far as we can tell, our first planetary defense test was a success (据我们所知,我们的第一次行星防御测试是成功的)可知,关于迪莫福 洛斯,可以推断出撞击后,它可能
25、会围绕同一颗小行星运行。故选C。(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句 NASA plans to launch an asteroid-hunting space telescope named NEO Surveyor in 2026”(美国宇航局计划在2026年发射一架名为“NEO测量者”的小行星搜 寻太空望远镜),以及 Lindley Johnson 说的话 Weve tacked lots of space rocks, especially the larger ones that could cause extinction-level events.Thankfully, non
26、e currently threaten Earth.But many asteroids the size of Dimorphous havent yet been discovered, and those could potentially take out a city ifthey came crashing down.(我们已经发现了很多太空岩石,尤其是那些可能导致物种灭绝事件的 较大岩石。值得庆幸的是,目前没有一个较大岩石威胁到地球。但许多二晶形大小的小行星尚未 被发现,如果它们坠毁,它们可能会摧毁一座城市。)可知,NASA之前主要研究大行星,但其 实未被发现的小行星才是对地球
27、有威胁的。所以可推测出NEO Surveyor后期的目标应该是发现相 对比较小的小行星。故选B。本篇是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)的行星防御专家实施的 行星防御测试(planetary defense test):如果发现了危险的太空岩石,最安全解决措施其实很微 妙,就是利用其与小型航天器与撞击,使它偏离轨道。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1620.【答案
28、】C、F、A、D、B【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据上文year,experts expect that figure to top $ 1 trillion for the first time.But millions of those purchases will eventu ally get sent back (专家预计,今年这一数字将首次突破1万亿美元。但数百万美元的购买最终将 被退回。)STi Heres what you need to know.(这里你需要了解以下几点。)可知,文章后面阐 述退货存在的问题。选项CThose returns can have a big en
29、vironmental impact.这些退货可能会对环 境产生重大影响。”符合语境。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据上文 However, many items that get returned never go back on sae.(然而, 许多被退回的物品永远不会重新销售。)和下文About 5 billion pounds of returned goods went to landfills each year, according to logistics (物流) company Optoro.(根据物流公司Optoro的数据,每年约有50亿英镑的退货进入垃圾填埋场。)可 知
30、,设空部分应该讲的是这些退回物品会如何处理。选项Flnstead, theyre often thrown out, even if they*re still brand-new.相反,他们经常被扔掉,即使他们仍然是全新的。”符合语境。故选F。(3) 主旨大意题。 根据下文 When you send a product back, companies already owe you a refund, and it would cost them even more to ship it to a sorting facility and have someone evaluate whe
31、ther it ca n be sold again.(当你退回一件产品时,公司已经欠你一笔退款,如果他们把产品运到分拣设施并 让人评估是否可以再次销售,成本会更高。)可知,退货对商家所产生的成本问题。选项AnIt sounds shocking, but it all boils down to cost.这听起来令人震惊,但归根结底是成本问题。”符 合语境。故选A。(4)推理判断题。根据上文 Although its unlikely that returned items will be sold as new, some items get sent to discount store
32、s.(虽然退回的物品不太可能像新的一样出售,但是有些物品会 被送到折扣店。)和下文Other unwanted items might be sent overseas-although many could still go to the garbage eventually.(其 他不需要的物品可能会被送到海外一一尽管许多物品最终还是会被扔进垃圾箱。)可知,提到了 其它的返回的物品的可能的处理方式,举例说明电子类产品的处理方式,D项Things like electronics could get separated into parts.像电子产品的这类东西可能会被拆分成零件。 ”符合语
33、境。故选D。(5)推理判断题。根据上文Third-party logistics businesses have also popped up to help clean up the return process.But thafs not en ough on its own.(第三方物流企业也纷纷出现,帮助清理回报过程。但这还不够。)以及下文 If we continue to shop without thinking about the environmental impacts of our decisions, we11! ultimately have very unsusta
34、inable supply chains.(如果我们继续购物,而不考虑我们的决定对 环境的影响,我们最终将拥有不可持续发展的供应链。)可知,提到了作为消费者,消费者要承 担起这个责任。选项BnThe responsibility falls on us consumers as well.责任也落在了我们消费者身 上。”符合语境。故选B。这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了网购退货产生的重大问题及作为消费者该如何去做。“七选五”选择题,主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和 掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构,2.在所给的原文中找出关键词 或者说是
35、线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项,关键词则能帮助你 确定更多的细节,排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。21 35.【答案】B、A、C、C、D、A、B、C、D、D、A、D、B、B、C【解析】(1)考查形容词及语境理解。A.hidden隐秘的;B.preserved保存的;C.folded折叠的; Devaluated估价的。句意:我认识的每个阿姨都有一个厨房抽屉,里面放着精心保存的酸奶达巴。 根据下文But just (6) every auntie cherished her dabbas, every uncle hated them.可知止匕处指每个阿 姨都有一个精心
36、保存的酸奶达巴。故选B。(2)考查名词及语境理解。A.containers容器;B.drawers抽屉;C.plates盘子;D.goods商品。句 意:达巴在印度是“盒子”的意思,但它也指各种各样的容器。根据上文Dabba is an Indian word for “box”“可知,达巴也指各种各样的容器。故选A。(3)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.contribute to有助于;B.succeed in成功;C.endup最终;D.put off推迟。句意:这些重复使用的达巴最终被用来储存剩菜、宗教祭品和家常菜。根据空后”storing leftovers, religious offe
37、rings and pot-luck contributions可知是最终用来放菜。故选 Co(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.consume消费;B.enjoy享受;C.cook烹饪;D.digest消化。句意:当我离开家去上大学时,我妈妈经常做饭寄给我,并严格要求我把达巴洗干净带回家。根据空后food and send it to me”可知是“烹饪。故选 Co(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.disciplines纪律;B.limits限制;C.measures措施;D.instructions指 令。句意:当我离开家去上大学时,我妈妈经常做饭寄给我,并严格要求我把达巴洗干净带回家。 根据空后“
38、wash the dabbas and bring them home可知是指令。故选 Do(6)考查连接词及语境理解。A.as像样;B上ecause因为;C.before在之前;D.after在之后。句意:但就像每个阿姨都珍爱自己的达巴一样,每个叔叔都讨厌它们。根据空后”every auntie cherished her dabbas, every uncle hated them”可知,后面是主句,前面是方式状语从句,表 示”就像每个阿姨都珍爱自己的达巴一样,每个叔叔都讨厌它们”。故选A。(7)考查动词及语境理解。A上rought带来;B.complained抱怨;C.wondered想
39、知道;D.forgot忘 记。句意:每当我父亲抱怨它们的时候,我母亲就会狠狠地瞪他一眼,如果是一个体质较弱的人, 那眼神肯定会杀死他。根据上文every uncle hated them”及下文my mom would shoot him a look that would surely have killed a man.”可知,此处指我父亲抱怨这些达巴。故选B。(8)考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的;B.crueler更残酷的;C.weaker较弱的;D.luckier 更幸运的。句意:每当我父亲抱怨他们的时候,我母亲就会狠狠地瞪他一眼,如果是一个体质较 弱的人,那眼神肯定会杀
40、死他。根据上文my mom would shoot him a look that would surely have killed可知,是体质较弱的人。故选C。(9)考查形容词及语境理解。A.private私人的;B.legal合法的;C.anxious焦虑的;D.proud自豪 的。句意:和我母亲一样,我也自豪地拥有昂贵的达巴收藏品,我以极大的热情守护着它们。根 据上文Like my mother”和下文owner of an expensive dabba collection”可知是“自豪的。故选 Do(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.display显示;B.allocate分配;C.d
41、onate捐赠;D.guard守护。句意: 和我母亲一样,我也自豪地拥有昂贵的达巴收藏品,我以极大的热情守护着它们。根据下文【found my dabbas in the recycling bin.I narrowed my eyes a little as 1( 14)them out, washed them up and replaced them in their drawer.可知是“守护。故选 D。(11)考查形容词及语境理解。Afunctional实用的;B.transparent透明的;C.fragile易碎的;D.standard 标准的。句意:无论我有多少玻璃、微波炉和烤
42、箱之类的安全容器,无论它们多么漂亮和实用, 我都无法停止收集酸奶容器。此处与and前的beautiful相对应,应指这些容器的实用性。故选A。(12)考查名词及语境理解。A.debate辩论;B.voyage行程;Cooperation行动;D.adventure冒险。 句意:当我嫁给我的丈夫,一个来自波士顿的美国人时,处理文化差异无疑是一场冒险。根据上 文Like my mother, Pm also a (n) (9) owner of an expensive dabba collection, which I with great enthusiasm.”及 卜 文The other
43、night, I heard him in the kitchen, and the next morning, I found my dabbas in the recycling bin.”可知,处理文化差异无疑是一场冒险。故选D。(13)考查动词及语境理解。A.bargaining讨价还价;B.yelling大喊大叫;C.commanding指挥;D.weeping哭泣。句意:有天晚上,我听到他在厨房里大喊大叫,第二天早上,我在垃圾桶里找到 了我的达巴。故选B。(14)考查动词及语境理解。A.elbowed用肘推挤;B.fished (从中)取出;C.handed递给;D.booted启
44、动。句意:我眯起眼睛,把它们取出来,洗干净,放回抽屉里。根据上文1 found my dabbas in the recycling bin.可知是“取出来。故选Bo(15)考查名词及语境理解。A.scream尖叫;B.blow强风;C.stare凝视;D.religion宗教。句意: 我在练习我母亲的死亡凝视。根据上文Whenever my father (7) about them, my mom would shoot him a look that would surely have killed a (8) man.可知是“凝视故选 C。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个南印度移
45、民社区长大,她认识的每个阿姨都有精心收 藏的酸奶达巴。达巴在印度是“盒子”的意思,但它也指各种各样的容器。作者长大后,也像母亲 一样,收藏各种达巴收藏品,尤其是收集酸奶达巴,并以极大的热情守护它们。近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化,试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽,综合难度不断提高。 做完形填空首先要通读全文,了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一 至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分析,前后一致。选 择答案时,要考虑整个句子的内容,包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后,再通读一遍文章, 检查是否通顺流畅,用词得当,意思正确。36【答案】小题1
46、 referred【小题2】what【小题3】returned【小题4】a【小题 5】Despite/With【小题6】cutting【小题 7 is recommended【小题 8】disadvantages【小题9】that【小题 10 Additionally【解析】(1)考查过去分词。句意:黄油咖啡有时被称为“防弹咖啡”,它听起来就像它的名字。 两个分句之间没有连词,和主语butter coffee构成被动关系,所以应用过去分词形式。故填referred。(2)考查名词性从句。句意:黄油咖啡有时被称为“防弹咖啡”,它听起来就像它的名字。在表语 从句中缺少介词like的宾语,所以应用连
47、接代词what。故填what。(3)考查一般过去时。句意:2009年,防弹公司的首席执行官Dave Asprey在高海拔地区喝完酥 油茶后从中国西藏回来。根据In 2009”可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填returned。(4)考查冠词。句意:在接下来的几年里,他开始推广和销售中式低碳、高脂肪早餐代餐的概念, 帮助人们减肥和充满活力。alternative意为”可供选择的事物,替代物”,为可数名词,此处为第一 次出现,所以应用不定冠词表示泛指。Chinese的开头发音为辅音音素。故填a。(5)考查介词。句意:(尽管)Asprey各种声称,但是黄油咖啡并没有太多好处,尤其是如果有 人不吃饭而喝黄
48、油咖啡的话。根据all of Aspreys claims和there are not many benefits to butter coffee”可知,此处可用介词with表示伴随,也可用介词despite表示“尽管。句首首字母应大写。 故填 Despite/Witho(6)考查动名词。句意:虽然不吃碳水化合物可能对人有好处,但低碳饮食通常只建议在短时间 内食用。此处作从句主语,应用动名词。故填cutting。(7)考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:虽然不吃碳水化合物可能对人有好处,但低碳饮食通常 只建议在短时间内食用。空处为主句谓语动词,描述客观事实,应用一般现在时。动词recommend
49、 意为”推荐,建议”,和主语构成被动关系。主语a low-carbon diet为第三人称单数。故填is recommended o(8)考查名词复数。句意:虽然黄油中的脂肪可能会让你有饱腹感,但在早上的咖啡中加入几汤 匙黄油也有很多坏处。disadvantage意为“坏处”,为可数名词,在a number of后应用复数形式。 故填 disadvantageso(9)考查代词。句意:最近,医生发现黄油咖啡中的脂肪含量至少是大多数推荐的日常食物的5 倍。此处为同类异物特指,代指前文提到的the amount of fat应用代词that。故填that。(10)考查副词。句意:此外,黄油咖啡早餐不含有健康饮食所必需的营养物质。修饰句子应用 副词additionally表示“此外