《考研英语阅读模拟.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语阅读模拟.docx（34页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、模拟考研英语阅读模拟234多项选择Do you want to live forever? By the year 2050, you might actually get your wishproviding you are willing to leave your biological body and take up residence in silicon circuits. But long before then, perhaps as early as 2005, less radical measures will begin offering a semblance of
2、immortality.Researchers are confident that technology will soon be able to track every waking moment of your life. Whatever you see and hear, plus all that you say and write, can be recorded, analyzed and automatically indexed, and added to your personal chronices. By the 2030s, it may be possible t
3、o capture your nervous system，s electrical activities, which would also preserve your thoughts and emotions. Researchers at the Laboratories of British Telecommunications have defined this concept as Soul Catcher.Small electronic equipment will pave the way for Soul Catcher. It would use a wearable
4、supercomputer, perhaps in a wristwatch, with wireless links to micro sensors under your scalp and in the nerves that carry all five sensory signals. So wearing a video camera would no longer be required.At first, the Soul Catcher，s companion system-the Soul Reader?-might have trouble copying your th
5、ought in complete details. Even in 2030, we may still be struggling to understand the brain，s internal workings, so reading your thoughts and interpreting your emotions might not be possible. But these signals could be conserved for the day when they can be transferred to silicon circuits to rejuven
6、ate minds as everlasting entities. Researchers can only wonder what it will be like to wake up one day and find yourself alive inside a machine.For people who chose not to live in silicon, virtual immortality could still ease the sense of futility that now haunts many people. Individuals would know
7、their lives would not be forgotten, but would be preserved as a thread in a multimedia quilt that keeps a permanent record of the human race. And future generations would have a much fuller understanding of the past. History would not be dominated by just the rich and powerful, Hollywood stars, and
8、a few elite thinkers.(349)1. semblancen.外表，伪装2. immortality n.不朽,不朽的声名3. chronicle n,大事记,编年史v.编入编年史4. preserve = conserve vt.保护，保持，保存，保藏5. rejuvenate vt.使年轻，使复原，使恢复精神，使恢复活力，使更6. entity n.实体7. futility nJ无益，无用，轻浮的言行第1题:The main idea of this passage is thatA. human beings long for an immortal life.B.
9、there are many difficulties in making the Soul Catcher.C. people can live immortally as technology develops.D. the invention of Soul Catcher has great significance.参考答案：C答案解析：c 主旨题。本文主题：随着科技的发展，人类可以实现“永生”第2题：According to this passage, a Soul Catcher will beA. a new machine on which radical research
10、measures have already made.B. a new invention in order to capture and preserve human thoughts.C. made by British scientists to offer a semblance of immortality.D. made of silicon circuits which can index people，s nervous activity.参考答案：B答案解析：B 细节题。文中第二段的倒数第二句给出了 Soul Catcher的定义。即“It may be possible t
11、o capture your nervous system，s electrical activities, which would also preserve your thoughts and emotions.”由一个 which 弓I导的非限制性定语从句表明它是用来获取和保存人类思想的第3题:We can infer from the text that the appearance of “ immortal life is.A.only a matter of timeB. far from certainC.just an illusionD. a fading hope参考答案
12、：A答案解析：A 推断题。因为文中第二段指出，“Researchers are confident that technology will soon be able to track every waking moment of your life.科研工作者有信心随着科技发展实现人类的“永恒”生命。第4题：We learned from the passage thatA. even in 2030, obstacles still exist in reading and interpreting human thought.B. nowadays people feel angry w
13、ith the domination of the history by elites.C. by the year 2050, human beings can lead an everlasting life biologically.D. people can only “live in“ silicon to get an immortal life.参考答案：A 答案解析： A细节题。文中第四段指出，“Even in 2030, we may still be strugglingto understand the brain，s internal workings, so read
14、ing your thoughts and interpreting your emotions might not be possible. n 到2030年，障碍是依然存在的，所以A正确。文中没有给出B的意思，所以不对。C不是“肉体上”的“永生”，而是一种保存“人类思想”的方式。D与最后一段第一句不符。第5题：The meaning of the word “rejuvenate“ in Paragraph 4 is close to.A. deadB. leaveC. predictD. activate参考答案：D 答案解析： D 词汇题。rejuvenate出现在这个短语中，to r
15、ejuvenate minds as everlasting entities因为everlasting是永恒的意思，所以要使思想成为永恒rejuvenate由此推断是“使活跃，激活”的意思。By the mid-nineteenth century, the tern “icebox“ had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with t
16、he growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, P
17、hiladelphia, and Baltimore, and one third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor (前身)of the modern refrigerator, had been invented.Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we m
18、ight now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was underdeveloped. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of th
19、e ice that performed the cooling.Nevrtheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient
20、 icebox.But as early as 1803, a Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center.When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he foun
21、d that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff of his competitors to pay a higher price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night is order to keep their pr
22、oduce cool.(351)pass up v.拒绝第6题：What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The influence of ice on the diet.B. The development of refrigeration.C. The transportation of goods to market.D. Sources of ice in the nineteenth century.参考答案：B答案解析：B 主旨题。文章中的几个表示时间概念的介词词组告诉我们，这篇文章讲的是冰箱的发展历程。这几个词组是：by the midnin
23、eteenth century, after the Civil War, even before 1889, until near the end of the 19th century.答案为B。第7题：The phrase “forward-looking“ in Line 3, Para 1 is closest in meaningA. progressiveB. popularC. thriftyD. well-established参考答案：A答案解析：A 语义题。单词forward-looking意为“向前看的”。此题可用排除法解答： progressive意为向前进的与for
24、ward-looking为近义词，其余各项的词义与此相去甚远。答案为A。第8题：According to the passage, which of the following was an obstacle to the development of the icebox?A. Competition among the owners of refrigerated freight cars.B. The lack of a network for the distribution of ice.C. The use of insufficient insulation.D. Inadequ
25、ate understanding of physics.参考答案：D答案解析：D 细节题。第二段第三句说，在19世纪中，人们普遍认为最好的冰箱就是阻止冰融化的冰箱，这当然是个错误。之所以会有这种错误的观念，是因为当时人们的物理知识很贫乏。答案为D。第9题：According to the information in the second paragraph, an ideal icebox wouldA. completely prevent ice from melting.B. stop air from circulating.C. allow ice to melt slowly.
26、D. use blankets to conserve ice.参考答案：C答案解析：C 推断题。因为 the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox告诉我们通风的目的是要让冰融化，而绝热是要让它慢慢融化；不融化不行，融化太快也不行，这是一种不太好处理的平衡关系，答案为C。第10题:The author describes Thomas Moore as having been on the right track”, to indicate thatA. the road to
27、 the market passed close to Moores farm.B. Moore was an honest merchant.C. Moore was a prosperous farmer.D. Moore，s design was fairly successful.参考答案：D 答案解析：D 语义题。Moore用自己设计的冰箱把黄油送到市场销售，宁可多花钱也要买他的黄油，因为他的黄油保存得好，而别人的黄油很快就融化，没有了新鲜的味道。答案为D。It is a well-known fact that there are constant conflicts among
28、different groups of people, and that people tend to blame their misfortunes on some outside other groups for their misfortunes. What are the causes of group prejudice? There seems to be little doubt that one of the principal causes of prejudice is fear： in particular the fear that the interests of o
29、ur own group are going to be endangered by the actions of another. This is less likely to be the case in a stable, relatively unchanging society in which the members of different social and occupational groups know what to expect of each other, and know what to expect for themselves. In times of rap
30、id social and economic change, however, new occupations and new social roles appear, and people start lookin?碎？第11题：Which of the following is NOT the source for prejudice between groups?A. The tendency to blame misfortunes on some outside groups.B. Fear of the interests of ones own group being threa
31、tened.C. Longstanding hatreds prevailing between racial and political groups.D.Social forces which encourage unfounded attitudes of hostility towards other groups.参考答案：A 答案解析：下面哪项不是导致群体之间存有偏见的根源？A把不幸归咎于某些外部群体的倾向。B担心某人自己的群体利益正在受到威胁。C盛行于种族和政治团体之间为时甚久的仇恨。D助长对其他群体没有理由的敌对态度的社会影响力。答案A这是一道细节题。文章第一段第三句话指出：人
32、们似乎并不怀疑，产生偏见的一个主要原因是恐惧:尤其担心自己群体的利益将受到另一群体的威胁；这说明B项之意是根源；文章第二段第二句话指出：其中的一种力量就是教育，我们都知道，可以用这样的方式教孩子们历史,以便种族和政治群体之间的旧仇恨、旧偏见永久化；这说明C项之意也是根源；文章第二段第一句话指出：一旦存有偏见，就很难阻止其发展，因为社会力量经常起作用-这些力量会积极助长对其他群体没有理由的敌意和恐惧态度；这说明D项之意也是根源。文章第一段第一句话指出：不同群体之间的人们不断发生冲突，人们往往把自己遭受不幸的责任归咎于其他群体的不幸，这是一个众所周知的事实；这说明A项之意不是根源。第12题:Wha
33、t does “they in the sentence “they tend to measure success by the size of their audience,(Para.3) refer to?A. Communications.B. The media of mass communication.C. Commercial enterprises.D. The countries.参考答案：D 答案解析：句子“they tend to measure success by the size of-their audiencew (第A思想交流。D那些国家。B答三段）中的“
34、they”指的是什么？大众传播媒体。C商业企业。案D这是一道词义题。题干中的信号词出自于文章第三段第三句话中。文章第三段指出：为什么我们听到的有关群体间关系破裂的例子比关系融洽的例子多得多呢？我认为，部分原因是由于广播电台、电视台以及主流新闻等所导致的思想交流增加的缘故；在那些大众传播媒体商业企业的国家，人们往往把观众的数量作为衡量成功的标准。这说明：该单词指的应该是“国家”。D项中说“The countriesM ,这与文章的意思相符。A项、B项和C项三项之意都与文章的意思不符。第13题:According to the author, what role do mass media pla
35、y in the relationships between communities?A. They draw the audiences attention to prejudice.B. They cause further social prejudice among audience.C. They criticize prejudices between racial and political groups.D. They have done something to lessen prejudice between groups.参考答案：B 答案解析：根据作者的观点，在群体之间
36、的关系方面，大众媒体起了什么作用？A它们将观众的注意力引向偏见。B它们导致了观众中间进一步的社会偏见。C它们批评种族和政治群体之间的偏见。D它们为减少群体之间的偏见做了一些工作。答案B这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为“mass media”，出自于文章第三段第三句话中。文章第三段指出：我们听到的有关群体间关系破裂的例子比关系融洽的例子多得多，这是为什么呢？我认为，部分原因是由于广播电台、电视台以及主流新闻等所导致的思想交流增加的缘故；在那些大众传播媒体商业企业的国家，人们往往把观众的数量作为衡量成功的标准；如果人们的注意力被一些引人注目的、危言耸听的或引起他们不安的事情所吸引，那么他们就更可能
37、购买报纸；新闻媒体的兴旺是建立在耸人听闻的标题”上的。这说明：作者认为，媒体加深了人们之间的偏见。B项中说“They cause further social prejudice among audience,这与文章的意思相符。文中没有提到A项和D项两项之意；C项之意与文章的意思相反。第14题：The author stresses in the passage that if prejudice between groups is to be reduced,A. efforts should be made to persuade people not to be prejudiced
38、against each other.B. education should be carried out to enhance the mutual understanding between racial and political groups.C. economic security should be maintained so that there will no fear that the interests of one group are going to be endangered by the actions of another.D. public opinion sh
39、ould be directed to the elimination of old hatreds and old prejudices between racial and political groups.参考答案：c答案解析：作者在文中强调：如果希望减少群体之间的偏见，A应该努力劝告人们不要彼此存有偏见。B应该实施教育，以便增加种族和政治群体之间的相互了解。C应该保持经济稳定，以便人们不用担心一个群体的利益会受到另一群体的行为损害。D应该使公众舆论导向根除种族和政治群体之间的旧仇恨与旧偏见。答案C这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为“ifprejudice between groups i
40、s to be reducedv ,出自于文章最后一段第二句话中。文章最后一段指出：如果经济的安全存在真正或想象的威胁，那么就极有可能引发群体偏见；如果我们希望减少群体之间的偏见，那么记住经济因素就很重要，因为，如果这些群体没有受到公正的对待，那么仅仅劝告人们不要对其他群体存有偏见的做法将没有丝毫用处-如果人们不是把其他群体看成是敌人，就是把他们看成是竞争对手。这说明：经济的安全没有威胁，就可能减少群体之间的偏见。C 项中说 aeconomic security should be maintained so that there will no fear that the interests
41、 of one group are going to be endangered by the actions of another”，这与文章的意思相符。A项之意明显与文章的意思不符；实施教育是引发群体偏见的作法，所以B项之意也不对；公众舆论也是引发群体偏见的作法，所以D项之意也不对。第15题：The word “inflame”(Para.4) probably meansA. add.B. stop. C. calm. D. arouse.参考答案：D 答案解析：单词“inflame(第四段)可能的意思是A增加。B阻止。C平息。D引发。答案D这是一道词义题。题干中的信号词出自于文章第四段
42、第一句话中。文章第四段第一句话指出：如果经济的安全存在真正或想象的威胁，那么就极有可能引发群体偏见。这说明：该单词的意思应该是“引发，导致”。D项中说“arouse”，这与文章的意思相符。A项之意与文章的意思不符；B项和C项两项之意与文章的意思相反。Do women tend to devalue the worth of their work ? Do they apply different standards to rewarding their own work than they do to rewarding the work of others? These were the q
43、uestions asked by Michigan State University psychologists Lawrence Messe and Charlene Callahan Levy. Past experiments had shown that when women were asked to decide how much to pay themselves and other people for the same job, they paid themselves less. Following up on this finding, Messe and Callah
44、an Levy designed experiments to test several popular explanations of why women tend to shortchange themselves in pay situations.One theory the psychologists tested was that women judge their own work more harshly than that of others. The subjects for the experiment testing this theory were men and w
45、omen recruited from the Michigan State undergraduate student body. The job the subjects were asked to perform for pay was an opinion questionnaire requiring a number of short essays on campus-related issue. After completing the questionnaire , some subjects were given six dollars in bills and change
46、 and were asked to decide payment for themselves. Others were given the same amount and were asked to decide payment for another subject who had also completed the questionnaire.The psychologists found that, as in earlier experiments, the women paid themselves less than the men paid themselves. They
47、 also found that the women paid themselves less than they paid other women and less than the men paid the women. The differences were substantial. The average paid to women by themselves was $2.97. The average paid to men by themselves was $4.06. The average paid to women by others was $4.37. In spi
48、te of the differences, the psychologists found that the men and the women in the experiment evaluated their own performances on the questionnaire about equally and better than the expected performances of others.On the basis of these findings, Messe and Callahan Levy concluded that women，s attachment of a comparatively low monetary value to their work can，t be based entirely on their judgment of their own ability. Perhaps, the psychologists postulated