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1、备械2023高考英语语法填空热点话题分类训练(高考模拟真题+名校最新真题)专题02神舟系列飞船与中国航空航天(2022.陕西汉中.高三期末)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shenzhou XIV mission blasts offThe Shenzhou X IV mission 一 Chinas ninth manned spaceflight was launched 1 (successful) on Sunday morning from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwestern
2、Gobi Desert.The three crew 2 (members) 一 Senior Colonel Chen Dong, Senior Colonel Liu Yang and Senior Colonel Cai Xuzhe will stay in the Tiangong space station for half a year.Before 3 (they), the Shenzhou XII and XIII three-member crews lived inside the Tiangong, 4 is traveling in low-Earth orbit a
3、bout 400 kilometers high.In early May, the Tianzhou 4 cargo spacecraft was launched 5 a Long March 7 rocket from Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province. 6 (transport) nearly 6 metric tons of propellants and materials to Tiangong.Tiangong consists of the Tianhe core module, the Tianzhou 3 an
4、d the Tianzhou 4.In July, the stations 7 (one) lab component Wentian, or Quest for the Heavens will be launched, while the second lab 8 (name) Mengtian, or Dreaming of the Heavens. 9 (send) to dock with the station in October. After they are connected with the Tiangong, the station will form a T-sha
5、ped structure.The Tiangong is expected 10 (operate) for up to 15 years and will serve as a scientific platform, space officials have said, noting it will also be open to foreign astronauts.(2022安徽宣城高三期末)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BEIJINGTaikonauts of the Shenzhou XIV crew will carry out 24 in o
6、rbit medical experiments during their six month stay in Chinas space station, according to the China Manned Space Agency.These space medical experiments are mainly designed to study how the 11 (weight) environment and spaceflights affect taikonauts, said Li Yinghui, deputy chief designer of Chinas m
7、anned space program taikonaut system.12 (compare) with previous crewed missions, the Shenzhou XIV will collect body fluid samples,13 (include) taikonauts9 blood, urine, and saliva(唾液).The trio (三人组)will also use special methods to measure muscle14(lose) and analyze urine metabolites (代谢物).Li also no
8、ted that the body data 15 (collect) by the previous Shenzhou XII and Shenzhou XIII taikonauts has laid16good foundation for the research by the Shenzhou XIV crew.43.考查名词。句意：他们开展了几项活动，为地球上的学生举办了现场科学讲座，并进行了一系列科学实验。 分析句子可知，“activity”意为“活动。为可数名词，“several”后接可数名词复数，“activity”的复数形式为 “activities”。故填 activit
9、ieso44.考查固定短语。句意：他们开展了几项活动，为地球上的学生举办了现场科学讲座，并进行了一系列科学 实验。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“arangeof.，意为“一系列”，故空格处应用不定冠词“屋。 故填a。45.考查定语从句。句意：王是第一位进行太空行走的中国女性，她要求告诉她年幼的女儿“她摘星星的妈妈回 来了分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Wang”，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系 代词“who”引导从句。故填who。46.考查介词。句意：叶说：“在这一刻，我实现了飞上太空的梦想，可以自豪地返回祖国报到。”根据句意” 的梦想”可知，空格处应用介词“oF,意为“的
10、”。故填。f。47.考查副词。句意：叶说：“在这一刻，我实现了飞上太空的梦想，可以自豪地返回祖国报到。”分析句子可 知，“report”为动词,应用副词修饰，proud”为形容词,对应的副词为“proudly”,意为“自豪地”,作状语。 故填 proudly o48.考查固定短语。句意：“从航天员的现状判断，我们可以说我们的训练和支持服务是有效的，”航天员系统 的首席设计师黄伟芬说。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“judgingfrom.，意为“从判断”，“judging” 为“judge”的现在分词，句首单词首字母大写。故填Judging。49.考查形容词。句意：“从航天员的现状判断，我们可
11、以说我们的训练和支持服务是有效的，”航天员系统的 首席设计师黄伟芬说。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作表语，“effect”意为“影响。名词词性，“effective” 意为“有效的”，形容词词性。故填effective。50.考查固定短语。句意：这次任务显示了中国执行长期载人航天任务的能力。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定 短语“capability of ding sth.”,意为“做某事的能力”，“conduct”意为“执行的 动词词性,动名词形式为 “conducting”，故空格处应填“of conducting”。故填 of conductingo51. who52. confirma
12、tion53. sets54. carrying55. a56. in57. were lifted58. relaxed59. to use60. mainly【导语】本文是一篇报道，文章介绍中国神舟13号载人飞船的三名宇航员完成空间站任务之后，安全返回地球的 情况。51.考查定语从句。句意：4月16日，中国神舟13号载人飞船的三名宇航员完成了为期六个月的空间站任务， 安全返回地球。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句，先行词为Three Chinese astronauts,先行词在从句中充当主语，指人，因此需耍使用关系代词who,故填who。52.考查名词。句意：中国载人
13、航天机构（CMSA）表示:“这次任务标志着中国完成了空间站关键技术的确认，也 创造了中国宇航员在轨时间的记录。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词做complete的宾语， “firm（确认）”名词形式为confirmation”,故填 confirmation。53.考查一般现在时。句意：中国载人航天机构CMSA表示：“这次任务标志着中国完成了空间站关键技术的 确认，也创造了中国宇航员在轨时间的记录。根据所给句子分析可知，此句中“set（创造 记录）”通过and also与谓语“marks（标志着广构成并列关系，表示一般事实，因此需要使用一般现在时。故填sets。54.考查非谓语动词。句意
14、：神舟13号返回舱载着宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光福在中国北部内蒙古自治区 的东风着陆点着陆。根据所给句子分析可知，此处carry为非谓语动词作状语，主语Shenzhou-13 return capsule（神州13号返回舱）与carry是主动关系，与谓语动词touched down同时反生，因此需要使用现在分 词的主动形式，故填carrying。55.考查冠词。句意：中国航天局宣布，神舟十三号载人航天任务圆满成功。根据所给句子分析可知，此句中 “success”表示“一件成功事件”是可数名词，complete首字母的发音为辅音音素。因此此处使用不定冠词a, 故填a。56.考查介词搭配。句意：返
15、回舱成功着陆后，地面搜索队到达着陆点。医务人员证实，宇航员健康状况良好。 根据短语“in good health”意为“身体状况良好”可知此处需要使用介词in构成固定搭配。故填in。57.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：三名宇航员被地面工作人员一个接一个地抬到太空舱前面的椅子上。 根据所给句子分析可知，主语“Three astronauts（三名宇航员）”是复数形式，并且与动词lift是被动关系，结 合句意可知，这一动作发生在过去，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态形式were+过分分词，故填were lifted o58.考查形容词。句意：他们看上去很放松，并向地勤人员挥手致意。根据所给句子分
16、析可知，此处需要使用 形容词作look的表语，表示主语人一They（他们）看起来放松，因此需要使用-ed形容词形式，故填relaxed。 59.考查非谓语动词。句意：从空间站分离到返回地球，整个过程只用了 9个多小时，这是中国载人飞船首次 采用“快速返回模式”。根据所给句子分析可知，此处use为非谓语动与the first time构成固定结构the first time to do sth.意为“第一次做 ”，因此需要使用不定式形式，故填to use。60.考查副词。句意：据CMSA称，它主要通过减少在轨道上的运行周期来缩短飞行时间。根据所给句子分析 可知，此处需要使用副词作状语，意为“主要
17、”通过缩短飞行时间，main（主要的广副词形式为“mainly，故 填 mainly o61. returned62. successfully63. after64. an65. . was launched66. named67. doubling68. who#that69. astronauts70. performance【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了“神舟十三号”任务的三名机组人员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光复于周六上午 返回地球，成功完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行。介绍了这次任务的发射和返回时间，意义及具体任务。 61.考查时态。句意：“神舟十三号”任务的三名机组人员翟志刚、王亚平
18、和叶光复于周六上午返回地球，成功 完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行。结合时间状语on Saturday morning,可知，句子陈述过去的事实，需要 用一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填returned。62.考查副词。句意：“神舟十三号”任务的三名机组人员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光复于周六上午返回地球，成功 完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行。修饰动词completing用副词。故填successfully。63.考查介词。句意：该太空舱在返回轨道飞行9小时后，于上午9时56分在中国西北部戈壁滩的东风着陆 点着陆。结合句意可知“着陆”应该是在返回轨道飞行9小时后，介词after符合题意。故填after。64
19、.考查冠词。句意：翟和他的同事们自10月16日用长征2F运载火箭从内蒙古自治区酒泉卫星发射中心发 射神舟十三号以来，已经在距地球约400公里的轨道上飞行了 183天。0rbit是元音因素开头，其前用不定 冠词an表示泛指。故填an。65.考查时态和语态。句意：翟和他的同事们自10月16日用长征2F运载火箭从内蒙古自治区酒泉卫星发射 中心发射神舟十三号以来，已经在距地球约400公里的轨道上飞行了 183天。since之后的从句表示过去发 生的事情用一般过去时,主语their Shenzhou XIII spacecraft和动词launch之间是被动关系，用一般过去时 的被动语态，be动词用wa
20、s。故填was launched。66.考查非谓语动词。句意:他们是中国永久太空站被命名为天宫的第二位居民,天宫也被称为Heavenly Palaceo 句子谓语动词是 were,空格处填入非谓语动词，the second inhabitants of Chinas permanent space station 和 name之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填named。67.考查非谓语动词。句意：机组人员创下了中国最长太空飞行的新纪录，几乎是他们在神舟十二号任务中的 合作伙伴伴随天宫从去年6月中旬到9月中旬旅行创下的92天纪录的两倍。分析句子可知谓语动词是has set,空格处填入非
21、谓语动词，anewrecord和double之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填doubling。68.考查定语从句引导词。句意：机组人员创下了中国最长太空飞行的新纪录，几乎是他们在神舟十二号任务 中的合作伙伴伴随天宫从去年6月中旬到9月中旬旅行创下的92天纪录的两倍。空格处引导定语从句， 修饰先行词their partners,且在从句中作主语，指人用who或that引导。故填who/thato69.考查名词单复数。句意：在神舟十三号任务期间，宇航员们进行了两次太空行走，总计超过12小时。结合 前文提到的机组人员，可知是三名宇航员，astronaut应该使用复数。故填astronauts。
22、70.考查名词。句意：他们检查了舱外活动支撑装置的安全性和性能，并测试了舱外防护服的功能。and连接 并列成分，与名词safety并列，用perform的名词形式。故填performance。71. . where72. with73. become74. years75. wider76. weightlessness77. was added78. changing79. Though#Although#While80. manned【导语】本文是一篇应用文。该篇新闻主要讲解了中国宇航员在中国天宫空间站进行的科学讲座。介绍了讲座的一 些具体内容和本次讲座召开的意义。71.考查定语从句。句意
23、：中国航天员在中国天宫空间站进行了距地球400公里的科学讲座，他们展示了在轨 航天器中独特的物理现象。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句。根据前面的先行词“ChinayTiangong space station （地点），故填 where。72.考查固定短语。句意：2013年，在另外两名机组人员的协助下，王亚平举办了全国首场太空讲座，使中国 继美国之后成为第二个举办太空讲座的国家。with the assistance of意为“在的协助之下”符合句意，故 填 witho73.考查固定短语。句意：2013年，在另外两名机组人员的协助下，王亚平举办了全国首场太空讲座，使中国 继美国之后成为第
24、二个举办太空讲座的国家。make sb. do sth“让某人某人做某事”，符合句意。此句型中do 为动词原形，且根据提示become,故填become。74.考查名词。句意：与九年前的班级相比，今年的讲座有很大的不同。分析句子可知，名词year和名词lecture 存在所属关系，应该用名词所有格，故填years。75.考查形容词。句意：除了更大的“教室”之外，它还涵盖了更广泛的主题。根据上文“Comparedwiththeclass nine years ago”可知，在于九年前对比,应用比较等级。根据提示wide ,故填wider。76.考查形容词。句意：此前，王向学生展示了物理定律和太空
25、中的失重现象。分析句子可知，介词。f后面应 该加上名词作为宾语，且根据提示和常识，太空中是失重状态，故填weightlessness。77.考查时态和语态。句意：但今年，增加了生物学。分析句子可知，add这个动作发生在过去的某个时间， 且动词add与名词biology是动宾关系，则应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was addedo78.考查形容词。句意：宇航员比较了不同环境下细胞的生长和形状，研究它们的变化规律。分析句子可知， 名词rules前需要填入形容词作为定语，在根据提示，故填changing。79.考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然这些空间讲座展示了各种主题，但背后的目标从未改变。分析句子
26、可知, 此处应填入连词来连接前后两个句子，且前后句子的关系为“让步”，故填Though/Although/While。80.考查形容词。句意：据中国日报报道，航天讲座旨在“传播载人航天知识，激发年轻人对科学的热情， 分析句子可知，此处填入形容词作为定语，修饰名词spaceflights ,再根据提示，故填manned。China on June 5th, 202217 (launch) the threeperson Shenzhou XIV mission, 18 is thethird crew for the countrys space station project. The tai
27、konaut trio will cooperate 19 the ground team 20(complete) the assembly and construction of the Tiangong space station. They will also work in its experiment capsules for scientific exploration of life, ecology, and biotechnology.(2022广东珠海高三期末)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BEIJING-The success of t
28、he Shenzhou XIII mission represents a major victory of Chinas plan to explore space, experts from different countries 21 (say) recently. 22 (possible) calling for closer international cooperation on science and technology.Three Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou XIII 23 (man) spaceship have complete
29、d 24 (they) six-month space station mission and returned to Earth safely on Saturday.25 the mission marks is that China has completed the confirmation of key 26 (technology) of its space station, and also sets a record of Chinese astronauts9 duration(持续时间)in orbit.“Chinas Shenzhou XIII mission spent
30、 a national-record six months in orbit. 27 Wang Yaping becoming the first Chinese woman ever 28 (conduct)a spacewalk. a space and astronomy news website reported.Chinas space exploration program is also open toother developing countries. This mission has shown that Chinas astronauts “29 (be) capable
31、 of long-term space flight. 30 makes Earths future goals andplans for the Moon and beyond exciting J Tucker, an astrophysicist and cosmologist said.(2022.江苏.苏州中学高三阶段练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确 形式。The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced on April 16 that the Shenzhou-13 return capsule 31 (
32、complete) touchdown at the Dongfeng landing site in the Gobi Desert, northern Chinas Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, marking the full success of the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceflight mission.The Shenzhou-13 manned spacecraft 32 (launch) from the countrys Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on October 16,
33、 2021, then docked with Tianhe core module. Three astronauts entered the core module and stayed for six months, 33 (set) a new record for Chinese astronauts 34 (long) stay in orbit. During their time aboard, the astronauts executed two successful spacewalks 35 carried out a range of scientific exper
34、iments and technological tests, 36 (take) advantage of the mission gaps, the trio (三人小组)also conducted two space lectures for students on Earth and a series of unique popular science education and cultural communication 37 (activity).The complete success of the Shenzhou-13 manned mission marks the c
35、ompletion of the key technology verification stage of the China Space Station. 38 will soon be followed by the construction stage. Hao Chun, head of the CMSA, said that 39 construction of the China Space Station is divided into two stages - the key technology verification stage and the construction
36、stage 一 40 six missions planned respectively.(2022.福建泉州.高三期末)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Three astronauts returned to Earth on April 15 safely 41 spending a national record 182 days in space, completing Chinas second manned space station mission (任务).Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu touc
37、hed down in the Dongfeng landing area at 9: 56 a. m. local, April 16. The landing 42 (occur) about 80 kilometers away from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, from which the three lifted off. The astronauts spent six months aboard Tianhe. They conducted several 43 (activity), hosted live science le
38、ctures for students on Earth and carried out 44 range of science experiments.Wang, 45 was the first Chinese woman to make a spacewalk, asked that her young daughter be told that “her star-picking mother is back.“At this moment, I have realised my dream 46 flying into space and can report back to the
39、 motherland 47 (proud)/9 Ye said.“48(judge) from the current state of the astronauts, we can say that our training and our supportservices were49(effect)Z，said Huang Weifen, leading designer of the astronaut system. The mission hasshown Chinese capabilities 50(conduct) long-term human spaceflight mi
40、ssions.(2022.河南.永城高中高三期末)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Three Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceship.51completed their six-month spacestation mission, returned to the Earth safely on April 16.“The mission marks that China has completed the 52 (confirm) of key technologies of its spa
41、ce station and also 53 (set) a record for Chinese astronauts9 duration in orbit,“ said the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA).Shenzhou-13 s return capsule, 54 (carry) astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in north Chinas Inner Mongolia Autonomou
42、s Region. The Shenzhou- 13 manned mission was 55 complete success, the CMSA announced.After the return capsule landed successfully, the ground search team arrived at the landing site. The medical staff confirmed that the astronauts were 56 good health.Three astronauts 57 (lift) one by one by ground
43、workers and placed onto chairs in front of the capsule. They looked 58 (relax) and waved to the ground crew.From separating from the space station to return to the Earth, the journey took only over nine hours, the first time for a Chinese manned spaceship 59 (use) the “rapid return mode”. It shorten
44、ed the flight 60 (main) by reducing traveling circles around the orbit, according to the CMSA.(2022.江西景德镇.高三期末)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The three crew members of the Shenzhou XIII mission, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, 61(return ) to the mother planet on Saturday morning, 62( succ
45、essful) completing the nationslongest manned spaceflight. The capsule touched down on Earth at the Dongfeng Landing Site in northwestern Chinas Gobi Desert at 9:56 am 63 flying nine hours in a reentry trajectory.Zhai and his crewmates has spent 183 days in 64 orbit about 400 kilometers above the Ear
46、th since their Shenzhou XIII spacecraft 65(launch) on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the JiuquanSatellite Launch Center in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region. They were the second inhabitants of Chinas permanent space station 66( name ) Tiangong, also known as Heavenly Palace.The cr
47、ew has set a new record for Chinas longest spaceflight, almost 67( double ) the previousrecord of 92 days created by their partners in the Shenzhou XII mission 68 travelled with Tiangong from mid-June to mid-September last year.During the Shenzhou XIII mission, the 69( astronaut) carried out two spa
48、cewalks that totaled morethan 12 hours. They examined the safety and 70( perform ) of support devices for extravehicular activityand also tested the functions of their extravehicular suits.(2022辽宁葫芦岛市教师进修学院高二期末)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单 词的正确形式。A science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth was delivered by Chinese astronauts on Chinas Tiangong space station, 71 they displayed unique physical phenomena in the orbiting spacecraft. Featuring interactive teaching, it was m