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1、西南财经大学天府学院2019 届本科毕业论文（设计）论文题目：Jane Austens View on Feminism-Analysis of Pride and Prejudice学生姓名： 岑季虹 所在学院： 外语学院 专 业： 英语专业 学 号： 41501725 指导教师： 王祥熙 导师职称： 教授 2019年 3月摘要 随着经济的发展，18世纪末至19世纪初，英国文学界创造了“女性文学纪元”并且出现了一大批女性作家。她们重新从女性的角度审视了女性命运，与此同时，她们还宣扬女性拥有和男人一样的权利和身份。简.奥斯汀就是英国文学界中女性主义的代表人物，在傲慢与偏见中充分表达了其独特的女
2、性主义见解。本文旨在通过深刻解读和分析简.奥斯汀的女性主义思想在她的著作-傲慢与偏见中的体现。通过分析，本文认为简.奥斯汀的女性主义思想只是停留在萌芽阶段，还存在着很多不足。AbstractFrom the late eighteenth century to the early nineteenth century, the British literary world created the era of womens literature, and a number of famous women writers emerged. They examined the fate of wo
3、men from the perspective of women and advocated that women should have equal rights and status as men. Pride and Prejudice is the masterpiece of feminism written by Jane Austen. The feminist ideology of the novel originated from the authors strong feminist concept and the background of the era when
4、male culture was paramount. This paper will deeply interpret and analyze Jane Austens feminist consciousness and reflect of feminism in her Pride and Prejudice.Key words: Pride and Prejudice; feminism; Jane Austen目录1.Introduction41.1Pride and Prejudice51.2 Jane Austen51.3 Feminism62. The social back
5、ground of Austens female consciousness.72.1 Low social status82.1.1 Economic status.92.1.2 Education.92.2 The lack of female consciousness.102.3 The emergence of female consciousness and feminism literature.113. Austens female consciousness in Pride and Prejudice.123.1 The consciousness of freedom.1
6、33.1.1 Independent consciousness.133.1.2 Equal consciousness.143.1.3 Intelligent consciousness.153.2 Rebellious consciousness.153.3 Marriage consciousness.164. Male Images.174.2 Mr. Benet184.3 Mr. Collins195. Conclusion20References20Acknowledgements211. IntroductionThis paper would deeply analyze th
7、e female consciousness in Pride and Prejudice and prove that feminism appears before the French Revolution. Jane Austen is considered to be a pioneer of Feminism. She has struggled in patriarchal culture to create a sky for womens writing, which deserves our great attention. At the same time, Austen
8、, on the basis of analyzing the essence of bourgeois marriage, deeply describes the status of women and the independence of womens personality. Certainly, the yearning for ideal marriage is still of great significance to the present society. On the one hand, the feminist ideology and consciousness o
9、f the novel is manifested in the female-centered discourse narrative perspective; on the other hand, the protagonist of the novel called Elizabeth, is a different female from traditional who is intelligent with strong ideas of equality between men and women, independence of love and marriage, rebell
10、ion and challenge to the patriarchy of secular rituals, and rich personality. The feminist consciousness expressed in the novel has some limitations and deficiencies to some extent, but it still has a strong practical enlightenment. 1.1Pride and PrejudiceThe novel tells love stories about Mr. Bennet
11、s daughters. Mr. Bennet lived in countryside with his five daughters and wife. They lived a well-off level, but none of the girls can inherit his property unless who marry the inheritor because it is entailed in law. Besides, women did not have their own fortune including Mrs. Bennet, so it is neces
12、sary for girls to have a good marriage. The protagonist is Elizabeth, his second daughter. She met Darcy at a ball, but she heard that he was arrogant and had been rejecting him for long time. After a lot of experience, Elizabeth relieved her prejudice against Darcy, and Darcy put aside his arroganc
13、e, then they were married. The novel revolves around the need to marry for love, not just for financial reasons, despite social pressures to marry a good, wealthy partner. Different from traditional view, Jane Austen paid more attention to women in Pride and Prejudice.1.2 Jane AustenJane Austen, who
14、 was born in 1775 and died in 1817, is a famous British female novelist in the nineteenth century. Her works mainly focus on the love and marriage of women in the gentrys family. She has explored the process of self-discovery of young women from love to marriage many times. She shows her feminist id
15、eology and feminist consciousness in her works. Taking Pride and Prejudice for example, it depicts the English society from the end of the eighteenth century to the beginning of the nineteenth century, and reproduces the social outlook and human feelings under the social background at that time.1.3
16、FeminismThe term feminism originated in France at the end of the nineteenth century, which means womens liberation and equality between men and women. 康正果.女权主义与文学M.北京:中国社会科学出版社,1994:113-117 This requirement was first manifested in womens demand for the right to vote. Feminism originated from feminis
17、m of right and evolved from the continuous development of it. Feminism represents the struggle of early women for equal rights between men and women, while feminism focuses on gender awareness and cultural construction. Feminism refers to the social theory and political movement created and launched
18、 to end sexism, sexual exploitation, sexual discrimination and sexual oppression and promote sexual equality. In addition to criticizing social relations, feminism also focuses on the analysis of gender inequality and the promotion of rights, interests and issues at the bottom of sex (e.g. women and
19、 transgender). Feminism is a combination of theory and practice. It is a belief and ideology of equality between men and women. It advocates that every woman has the same rights and values as men. 2. The social background of Austens female consciousness. It is a universally acknowledged truth that a
20、 single man with a large fortune must need a wife. 简.奥斯汀.傲慢与偏见.北京：中央编译出版社,2008.7It expresses the general concept of marriage and love based on the social background at that time. At that time, the British society was conservative and closed, and the idea of men being superior to women prevailed. Wom
21、en themselves lacked independence and attached themselves to the survival of men. Under the background of patriarchal society, choosing a good marriage seems to be the only way for women to control their own destiny. Nevertheless, there are still a few women who are unwilling to submit to the narrow
22、 concept of marriage and love at that time, dare to abandon secular prejudices, pursue their ideal love life, and finally get the ideal marriage. Elizabeth, the one in the novel, is a typical representative of this minority of women.At the end of the 18th century, marriage was the top priority for B
23、ritish women because women had no property rights under the laws of that time. Marriage is relatively passive for women because they have little choice, and if they dont get married, they will be ridiculed and discriminated against. Divorce is also troublesome and it must be approved by the British
24、Parliament. Marriage is difficult for women in wartime, because men are needed in battlefield. It is difficult for women to find a suitable man to marry when men leave.2.1 Low social status At that time Britain was under the control of the patriarchy, thus it is generally agreed that girls gain thei
25、r respect by having a good marriage. Everything could lead to this phenomenon in that moment including the British society and the status of women. Its about 19th century, women couldnt enjoy many rights compared to women in now that they could not gain enough respect. In the traditional money-worsh
26、iping Britain, many middle-class young women have three choices: getting married, staying at home as an old maid or being a governess. Although female tutors are more independent than the other two choices, few people choose this profession because of their low income and status. It is very difficul
27、t for them to change or exchange this status. No one wants to be an old maid forever. Therefore, for young women, especially those who do not have enough property, marriage is the best choice to gain respect, stability and social status.Even worse, women are inherently considered inferior to men, bo
28、th intellectually and competently. Women serve men like servants. Womens center is their husbands and fathers. Everything in the family must be decided by men. Women can only stay at home every day. The only thing they can do is to do housework, take care of children, or sew up. Those with better fa
29、mily conditions can go out to social parties and serve their husbands like traditional Chinese women. As the saying goes, womens incompetence is virtue. At that time, people thought that women were good housewives as long as they obeyed and respected. From birth, they formed a kind of thinking - wom
30、en are inferior to men, women just need to be quiet, gentle and appropriate. Therefore, they have been suppressing their ability. They are accustomed to such a life, such thoughts, they do not know the resistance, and few people are dissatisfied with their own destiny. 2.1.1 Economic status. In the
31、19th century, Britain was an age of pursuit of power and money. Under the influence of patriarchy, women had no independent economic status. They depended on their husbands and families. The property problems of the Bennet family illustrate that women had no economic status at that time. Even if the
32、y were born in a well-off family, women may have no property. Bennets daughters wont get any property. Her daughters go out to play by themselves, and her father wont worry because he knows that marriage is based on material things and no one wants to marry a penniless girl.2.1.2 Education. Mr. Benn
33、et knew that his daughters could not inherit his property, but he never strengthened their training, but let them go. From Bennets contempt for the education of five daughters, we can easily see that in Britain at that time, women could hardly receive a good education. In those days, British women r
34、eceived education similar to that in ancient China. Women should teach their husbands and children, learn sewing, housework or some talents. All education was to please men. Finding a good husband is the best future for women. In pride and prejudice, several sisters will say that it is good to be th
35、e mistress of the manor. This statement fully reflects how women learn to be a good housewife from their childhood.2.2 The lack of female consciousness. It was a patriarchal era, and people were used to the idea that men were superior to women. Jane Austens Charlotte was a model of traditional Briti
36、sh women. She, 27, was joked about being unmarried and regarded as a burden on her parents. Collins asked her to marry him, and without much consideration, she immediately agreed and happily told her best friend Elizabeth. Elizabeth advised her not to marry Collins. She told Elizabeth to bless her a
37、nd not condemn her. She knew very well that Collins was an unpleasant, even a little annoying person. Considering her family and age, she chose to agree. Charlotte will not fight for her situation, nor dare she refuse to marry people she dislikes like Elizabeth. All she can do is to conform to famil
38、y arrangements and sacrifice her feelings in order to maintain her stable life.2.3 The emergence of female consciousness and feminism literature. Jane Austen was the first woman to wake up. She studies human nature from the perspective of human rather than gender. Her works are intended to show the
39、charm of women as human with full equality of men. She advocated equality between men and women, believing that women were as intelligent as men, and that women even had more keen observation and judgment than men. Her heroines no longer appear as vases, but as male protagonists in traditional liter
40、ature, they are the embodiment of reason, virtue and wisdom. They represent the sensitive and thoughtful young generation of women as independent individuals, who have gone through a process from imperfection to perfection. Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice is the most dazzling female image created b
41、y Austin. Her appearance, temperament and manners are not the best, but the arrogant Darcy has a special love for her, because she has an irresistible personality charm. This kind of personality charm comes from her maintenance of her dignity, Judging from her real talent, and from her wisdom and ge
42、nerosity. This image breaks the stereotype that women are inherently mentally inferior.Austin regards women who have been marginalized for a long time as a restrictive narrative angle from the omniscient perspective, which awakens womens subjective consciousness which has been sleeping for a long ti
43、me. Thus, Austin makes the subjective consciousness of British womens literature manifested half a century ahead of time.If Jane Austens works push women to the center of the literary world, the subsequent works of the Bronte sisters have become milestones in the history of English literature. The B
44、ronte sisters first raised the issue of womens independent personality, and pointed out that independent personality is based on economic independence. Their works penetrate into womens inner world and highlight the beautiful personality of womens self-esteem and self-respect. Therefore, their works
45、 announce the real awakening of womens consciousness.3. Austens female consciousness in Pride and Prejudice. Mr. Bennet earns 2,000 pounds a year, Bentley has 5,000 pounds a year, and Darcy exaggerates that he owns 10,000 pounds a year. His sister Georgiana also has a dowry of 30,000 pounds. Neverth
46、eless, Jane herself is not very optimistic about those marriages which only depend on money. In the authors view, love is the cornerstone of building a happy and stable marriage relationship. She pinned her feminist ideas on describing Elizabeth as a nearly perfect person in order to promote the cha
47、rm of women and advocate the independent choice of marriage.3.1 The consciousness of freedom. Jane Austen advocates freedom of marriage. Women also have the right to choose independently. Women can choose the love they want from their hearts. When Collins proposed to Elizabeth, Elizabeth refused for
48、 the first time. Collins thought she was pretending to be reserved. When she refused for the second time, Collins clearly told her the pros and cons. Elizabeth still chose to refuse because she knew she would be unhappy to marry Collins. She thought she had the right to refuse. Austins support for Elizabeths pursuit of freedom rests on her characters. Her father always supported her choice. Elizabeth refused Collins. He supported her. When she decided to marry Mr. Darcy, whom everyone didnt like very much, he thought he would support her as l